• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.95-112
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• 2017

The competence of teachers, comes out through their lesson, is one of the key factors of school education. The purpose of this study is comparing the viewpoints on the science lessons in the elementary classrooms between pre-service teachers and highly experienced teachers in order to draw implications on pre-service teacher educating system. The participants of the study are 14 junior students in a university of education and 9 elementary school teachers who are highly educated and have much career experience. Each student participant observed one video clip with science lesson of their classmate. The total number of the video subject to observation is 4. Meanwhile experienced teachers observed 1 or 2 videos which are the same to those the students watched. The participants made a class criticism according to the General Standards for Class Critique made by KICE. The in-depth analysis of the criticism yielded the following conclusions; First, pre-service teachers had narrow views on the science class mainly limited in the practical part of class, but experienced teachers had wide views covered to class-knowledge, plan, and practice. Second, most experienced teachers thought that learning is the process by which students acquire knowledge or concepts by themselves, and the main purpose of the class is to help students' learning. Meanwhile, there were many pre-service teachers who thought that conveying knowledge or concepts to students was the main purpose of the class. Third, experienced teachers thought that a good science class should maintain consistency around the learning goals from the planning, implementation, and evaluation. However, many pre-service teachers did not take the learning objectives so seriously.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.69-81
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• 2014

This study was to find out the effects of out-of-class environmental experience learning on elementary students' environmental literacy. For this study, we developed and applied environmental education program utilizing out-of-class facilities and ecological park for the 5th-grade students. The subjects of this study were the 5th grade students of an elementary school located in Si-hung city. The study was carried out for two groups, an experiment group of 29 students and control group of 29 students. The education program using out-of-class environmental experience learning was provided to the experiment group while lecture-oriented education program was provided to the control group. The questionnaire used in this study to assess the environmental literacy of the study objects consists of 41 questions under 4 domains (knowledge, emotion, skill, behavior). After observing and analyzing the effects of out-of-class environmental experience learning on students' environmental literacy, we found that the program using the out-of-class environmental experience learning posed greater impacts than lecture-oriented program. By domains, environmental literacy in 3 domains illustrated positive improvement. In particular, skill domain illustrated much more improvement in environmental literacy. But, domain of behavior didn't illustrated improvement in environmental literacy. The result of this study signified that the out-of-class environmental experience learning has positive and effective impact on the environmental literacy. And out-of-class environmental experience learning is more suitable to improve the skill domain of the environmental literacy than lecture-oriented learning. But, it is couldn't improve the domain of behavior. Therefore, in order to improve behavior domain, the program must apply with effective evaluation and home training.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.392-402
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 중학교 1학년 과학 기본과정 지구과학영역의 자율학습용 콘텐츠에 대하여 분석 및 평가를 하는 것이다. 이를 위해 한국교육학술정보원(2008)의 '초 중등교육 e-러닝 품질관리 가이드라인(Ver.2.0)'에서 제시한 '사이버가정학습 콘텐츠 품질관리도구'를 적용하였다. 콘텐츠 분석에 대한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학습안내는 학생들이 한 차시에 학습하게 될 내용들을 간략히 소개하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 선수학습에서는 진단평가가 이루어지지 않은 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 본 학습에서는 학습자의 수준에 맞게 콘텐츠를 선택하여 학습할 수 있었고, 본 학습 시간은 15분 내외로 구성되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 학습평가에서는 학습자가 오답에 대한 피드백은 이루어지지 않고, 틀린 문항 수만 제시되어 있었다. 그리고 학습정리는 그 차시에 배운 중요한 내용에 대해서는 다시 요약 정리하여 제시하고 있다. 콘텐츠 평가에 대한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 요구분석, 교수학습전략, 상호작용에 대해서는 각 차시마다 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그리고 윤리성에 대한 평가는 적합하지 못한 단어나 문장을 포함하고 있지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 저작권의 평가는 콘텐츠 내의 저작물에 대한 국제저작권표시방법을 준수하여 표시한 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 교수설계의 평가는 단순 그림 위주의 설명을 제시하였고, 플래시 등의 시각자료가 미흡한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 지원체계의 평가에서는 학습자가 콘텐츠를 자유롭게 이용할 수 있도록 설치되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 콘텐츠 학습 중 학습자가 메모할 수 있는 메모기능은 없는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 평가에 대한 평가는 서술 내용에 대한 명확한 평가기준을 제시하고 있지는 않았다. 따라서 각각의 차시마다 조금씩 차이를 보였다. 셋째, 학습내용의 평가분석은 수정 보완하지 않은 탓에 최신의 정보를 포함하고 있지 않아 각 차시마다 큰 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.207-216
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• 2012

Through quantitative video analysis of four algebra classes and statistical analysis of various types of teacher evaluation behavior in the classroom teaching, we get: (1) Teacher evaluation behavior in classroom is close to take 1/5 of the total time of the classroom teaching, and it appears most frequently in class exercises and take the longest time; (2) There are many forms of teacher evaluation behavior in classroom, and most of the behaviors are positive assessment; (3) Recognition evaluation is relatively conservative in a single form without losing fairness; (4) Classroom assessments of teachers' behaviors are primarily concerned about students' knowledge and skills mastery, and it is less involved in student feelings, attitudes and behaviors; (5) The correct teacher evaluation behavior in classroom will inspire students to create internal motivations; and (6) The correct teacher evaluation behavior in classroom can stimulate the potential of students.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제36권7호
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• pp.1265-1273
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was to evaluate a virtual class, 'lifelong health care for women', for female university students. Method: The research design was one group pre-post design. A pretest and posttest were conducted to measure CMI, perceived health status, health promoting lifestyle, and knowledge related to women's health. The subjects of this study were 74 female students in 3 universities, and they were provided with the virtual class by K university consortium for 16 weeks. Data was analyzed by descriptive and paired t-test. Results: There were statistically significant differences in CMI (t=3.367, p=.001), perceived health status (t=-2.788, p=.007), and knowledge related to women's health (t=-10,432, p=.000) between the pretest and posttest. However, there was not a statistically significant difference in a health promoting lifestyle (t=-1.431, p=.157) between the pretest and posttest. Conclusion: These results suggest that a virtual class on lifelong health care for women is aneffective method in decreasing health problems, and improving perceived health status and knowledge related to women's health by female university students.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.77-88
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• 2015

Recently, there has been an increasing interest in 'Flipped Learning,' an IT-based learner-centered teaching-learning method corresponding to meet the paradigm of the future education. For smooth Flipped Learning, there are three steps in total: a pre-class should precede; then, in the structure of classes in the classroom, in-class learning among peer learners should be done; and lastly, the operation of a post-class should be done. For successful Flipped Learning, class elements in each step should be designed with a time difference, interconnected so as to achieve a single educational objective. However, it was found that there was a limitation in that the teaching-learning model of the preceding Flipped Learning consisted of the order of analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation as general procedures, so it would not sufficiently consider the situations of Flipped Learning only. On this background, this thesis proposes a differentiated Flipped Learning model for mastery learning in a subject of an institute of technology as a model of systematic instructional design and presents a case of a class applied to an actual subject of computer engineering.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.87.1-87.1
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• 2011

The residential Fuel Cell system has high efficiency of 85% with transferring natural gas to electrical power and heat, directly and it is a friendly environmental new technology in that $CO_2$ emission can reduce 40% compared with conventional power generator and boiler. The residential fuel cell system consists of two main parts which have electrical and hot storage units. The electrical unit contains a fuel processor, a stack, an inverter, a control unit and balance of plant(BOP), and the cogeneration unit has heat exchanger, hot water tank, and auxiliaries. 5kW class fuel process was developed and tested from 2009, it was evaluated for long-term durability and reliability test including with improvement in optimal operation logic. Stack development was crried out through improvement of design and evaluation protocol. Development of system controller was successfully accomplished through strenuous efforts and original control logic was optimized in 5kW class PEMFC system. In addition, we have been focused on development of system process and assembly technology, which bring about excellent improvement of reliability of system. The 5kW class PEMFC system was operated under dynamic conditions for 1,000 hours and it showed a good performance of total efficiency and durability.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2004년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.5 No.2
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• pp.1146-1149
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• 2004

A new developed impulse current test system(100kV, 250kJ)is presented, which can carry out all impulse current and performance tests on surge arrester sections with rated voltage up to 12kV according to IEC 60099-4(2001). The maximum achievable peak value is 200kA for the impulse current $4/10{\mu}s$ and 60kA for the $30/80{\mu}s$ and $8/20{\mu}s$. The long duration current impulse is realized from class 1 to class 5. The digital transient recorder(4 channels 60MS/S 10bit) is used for measuring AC voltage, impulse current, reference voltage and leakage current. The complex control, measuring, evaluation and data storage system is controlled by one industrial PC system.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.131-136
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• 2014

In this paper, a fire resistance test was carried out in accordance with the change of the insulation conditions on the exposed side and unexposed side of a coaming to obtain the optimal insulation conditions for class H-120 insulation in connection with specimen1 of the preceding paper for an evaluation of the fireproof performance of fire dampers according to hydrocarbon fire conditions. In the test results, specimen2(88 mm, $171^{\circ}C$) met the class H-120 insulation conditions, but specimen3(76mm, $181^{\circ}C$) exceeded the thermal insulation acceptance criteria at 110 minutes. Therefore, specimen2(88 mm) represents the optimal insulation conditions as a possible lightweight materialas compared to specimen1. From a comparison of the test results, we concluded that the temperature increase of the coaming insulation surface was influenced by conductive heat from the bulkhead and that the coaming surface was influenced by radiant heat from the blade and coaming.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.135-139
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• 2017

In recent years, the optical fiber laser has been widely used in industrial fields due to its excellent economical efficiency and its suitability for industrial applications. This usage has increased even further since the KW class Laser was developed. In this paper, structural analysis and heat transfer analysis of a 500W class optical fiber laser end cap module was performed. The stability of end cap housing with the efficient heat dissipation structure of a 500W-class end cap was evaluated. This research determined the optimal design that should be applied to the design and evaluation of future KW class laser output modules.