• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.316-324
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• 1998

This study was performed to evaluate the clinical features and treatment results on 55 temporomandibular disorder patients who had treated by conservative treatment using occlusal splint. The results were as follows; 1. The ratio of men to women was about 1:2.2 and most of the patients were second and third decades. 2. Pain was the most frequent symptom, followed by clicking and mouth opening limitation. 3. The number of acute and chronic groups on the basis of 6 months duration of symptoms were similar. 4. Most of patients had Angle's Class 1 molar relationships(78.2%), followed by Class 3 and Class 2. 5. Centric Relation splints were used alone for treatment of 34 patients and 21 patients were treated with Centric Relation splints and Anterior Repositioning splints. The treatment duration of the patients who had complained pain was average 9.8 weeks and 6 patients of them had slight pain continuously during follow-up. 6. Eleven patient's maximum mouth opening who had mouth opening limitation was improved from 30. 7mm to 43.0mm during procedures.

• Fashion, Industry and Education
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.50-58
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• 2016

Passive learning attitudes and lack of enthusiasm in a retailing math course is quite common and a significant number of students do express their frustrations and struggles by seeking extra help outside the classroom. In order to promote students' active participation in class and to improve their performance and overall satisfaction with the course, a modified team-based learning (TBL) method was implemented in a retailing math course in two consecutive semesters. Implementing TBL into a retailing math course would improve students' accountability for their own learning, increase student interactions and engagement, and develop teamwork and collaboration skills. The scores on the midterm and final tests indicated that students' performance improved especially for the students who scored below 80% on each test when TBL was implemented. Students' reflection on the TBL activities done in class throughout the semester indicated that these TBL activities help them solidify the concepts taught in class better. They were able to realize their own mistakes and other group members who got the question right helped them understand. To maximize the benefit of TBL, it is suggested to implement TBL within the flipped classroom. Further research is called for to evaluate the effect of TBL on long-term knowledge retention among college students.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 1971

Since malocclusion affects a large segment of the population, it is by definition a public health problem. The etiology ana treatment of malocclusions have been studied by clinicians; however epidemioloic aspect of tile problem have been neglected. This study was undertaken using Angle's classification to obtain and to evaluate epidemiologic data on the prevalence of malocclusion in a group of 2,378 Yonsei University students, 17 to 23 years of age. All freshmen were selected, except for those students receiving orthodontic treatment and those few with too many missing teeth which prohibits classification by Angle's method. The following results were obtained: 1) Almost $91\%$ of students had malocclusion of the teeth severe enough to require correction. 2) There was a statistically significant difference in malocclusion between males and females($93.66\%$ malocclusion in males, $79.13\%$ malocclusioa in females). 3) Crowding was most pravalent in class I malocclusion. 4) There appeared to be a specific association between the number of lost first molars and Angle's classification. 5) In this study, more class II, Div.2 malocclusion appeared than in Massier's and Frankel's study of Caucasians, which used similar criteria. Class III malocclusion was more prevalent than normal occlusion in the Korean students studied, but in Caucasians' normal occlusion was more prevalent.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2009년도 IWAIT
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• pp.606-611
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• 2009

This paper describes a method for achieving a novel design within a class of 3D objects that would create a preferred impression on users. Physical parameters of the 3D objects that might strongly contribute to their visual impressions are sought through computational investigation of the impression ratings obtained for learning samples. "Car body" was selected as the class of 3D objects to be investigated. A morphable 3D model of car bodies that describes the variations in appearance using a smaller number of parameters was obtained. Based on each car body's rating for the impression of speediness obtained by paired comparison, the visual impression was transformed by manipulating the parameters defined in the morphable 3D model. The validity of the proposed method was confirmed by psychological experiments. A new scheme is also proposed to properly re-sample a novel object of a peculiar shape so that such an object could also be represented by the morphable 3D model.

• Near Infrared Analysis
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2000

The identification step of raw drug materials is an indispensible procedure in the GMP manufacturing process within the pharmaceutical industry. However, wet chemistry methods for identification of drug materials, used by the various Pharmacopeia are time-consuming and expensive steps. In this paper, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been developed for identifying eleven drug substances including calcium pantothenate, cefaclor, cefoperazone, cephradine, dextromethorphan, ehtambutol, nicotinamide, pyrozinamide, tramadol, vitamin C, and vitamin E. Also the aim of ths work is to consturct a new algorithm for calibration model using soft independence modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) with Malinowskis Indicator Function (IND), which is used for finding the number of principal components of each class of the SIMACA model. The use of NIR technique with pattern recognition to qualify raw materials can make it possible to monitor process in real time as well as to control all procedures in the pharmaceutical industry. As the result, the samples identified of 183 different batches from 11 different compounds were separated clearly by SIMCA with 2nd derivative spectra in the NIR region of 1100∼2400 nm.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.131-146
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• 2016

In research on behavioral studies, significant attention has been paid to the stage-sequential process for longitudinal data. Latent class profile analysis (LCPA) is an useful method to study sequential patterns of the behavioral development by the two-step identification process: identifying a small number of latent classes at each measurement occasion and two or more homogeneous subgroups in which individuals exhibit a similar sequence of latent class membership over time. Maximum likelihood (ML) estimates for LCPA are easily obtained by expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm, and Bayesian inference can be implemented via Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). However, unusual properties in the likelihood of LCPA can cause difficulties in ML and Bayesian inference as well as estimation in small samples. This article describes and addresses erratic problems that involve conventional ML and Bayesian estimates for LCPA with small samples. We argue that these problems can be alleviated with a small amount of prior input. This study evaluates the performance of likelihood and MCMC-based estimates with the proposed prior in drawing inference over repeated sampling. Our simulation shows that estimates from the proposed methods perform better than those from the conventional ML and Bayesian method.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.287-295
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• 2008

Elementary students' behaviors classifying leaves have been analyzed according to the material types provided for the classification class. 199 sixth grade students were participated in the task classifying the leaves of various plants for the research. The three types of materials provided to them for the class were real leaves, photos of the leaves and explanation cards including the photos of leaves. One of the research findings was that the only material made students handle in the observed behaviors was the real leave of the material types given as classifying. Three were differences between groups in the time required and the number of using criteria for the class. The numbers of criteria had been applied to analyzing their behaviors as classifying the real leaves which were less than those with photo materials. The amount of taken time to classify the real leaves and photo materials were less than those of another material. Finally, the contents of criteria did not differ between groups except appearing properties presented to the task with photo and explanation materials. It is expected that the research can be contributed for elementary school teachers and for curriculum developers to choose appropriate instructional materials as constructing curriculum contents for elementary science to make elementary school students acquire classifying skill in science classes.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2016

This pilot study examined programs for early childhood education and care in three Chinese cities. The samples for this study were one university-based kindergarten, one private kindergarten (rural area), and one public kindergarten (urban area). Six types of instruments were used to assess early childhood education and care services regarding quality matters. Most questions asked were open-ended; consequently, the interview answers by kindergarten directors or teachers (as well as observations made by the researcher) formed the basis for collecting the data. Quality components for each program were determined by a comparison method. The comparison allowed the researcher to understand the range of quality education and care available as well as the variability of existing kindergarten programs in China. The findings of the investigation revealed important information on; (a) demographic information (fees, class hours, total weeks of class, vacation, number of children and staff, class size, and teacher-child ratio) (b) teacher characteristics, (c) health practices, (d) safety practices, (e) work environment, (f) physical settings, (g) play materials, (h) parent involvement, (i) nutrition, (j) daily schedule. Implications within the Chinese context for quality practices and issues to further develop and strengthen early childhood education and care systems are discussed.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.217-221
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• 2013

Quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes based on the Calderbank-Shor-Steane construction have low encoding and decoding complexity. The sum-product algorithm(SPA) can be used to decode quantum LDPC codes; however, the decoding performance may be significantly decreased by the many four-cycles required by this type of quantum codes. All four-cycles can be eliminated using the entanglement-assisted formalism with maximally entangled states (ebits). The proposed entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting code based on Euclidean geometry outperform differently structured quantum codes. However, the large number of ebits required to construct the entanglement-assisted formalism is a substantial obstacle to practical application. In this paper, we propose a novel class of entanglement-assisted quantum LDPC codes constructed using classical Euclidean geometry LDPC codes. Notably, the new codes require one copy of the ebit. Furthermore, we propose a construction scheme for a corresponding zigzag matrix and show that the algebraic structure of the codes could easily be expanded. A large class of quantum codes with various code lengths and code rates can be constructed. Our methods significantly improve the possibility of practical implementation of quantum error-correcting codes. Simulation results show that the entanglement-assisted quantum LDPC codes described in this study perform very well over a depolarizing channel with iterative decoding based on the SPA and that these codes outperform other quantum codes based on Euclidean geometries.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.245-250
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• 2003

Hull form development and Anti-rolling tank of G/T 360ton class fishery patrol ship was carried out in the CWC at Chosun university, cooperatively with WJFEL(The West Japan Fluid Engineering Laboratory). Same size of 15 knots class fishery patrol ship was selected as a parent form(Model number: CU-015), and modified fore and after body hull form under the slightly lengthened to be suitable for the operation at 20 knots. This paper investigated for a rolling performance and an effective using method when fishery patrol ship was equipped with anti-rolling tank. On several occasions of rolling test was made reference to design data of a similar ship. Although the hull form was highly constrained in being limited to modification of a parent hull form, significant wave resistance improvement was made.