• 제목/요약/키워드: Class 1 integron gene

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경북지역에서 분리된 Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium의 Class I Integron Gene Cassette 특성과 PEGE 유형분석 (Structural Analysis of Class I Integron Gene Cassette and Assessment of Genetic Relationships by PFGE of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Isolated in Gyeongbuk Area)

  • 손창규;이정아;이도영;허완;정중교
    • 미생물학회지
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    • 제42권1호
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    • pp.12-18
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    • 2006
  • 2003년부터 2004년까지 정북지역에서 발생한 설사환자로부터 17주, 돼지로부터 18주 등 총 35주의 Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium이 분리되었고, 분리된 균주를 대상으로 항균제 내성양상, class I integron 특성 및 pulse-field gel electrophoresis유형(PFGE 유형; pulsotype)이 조사되었다. 35주 모두가 한가지 이상의 항균제에 내성을 나타내었고, 돼지로부터 분리된 대부분의 균주는 ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprime, tetracyclin, nalidixic acid에 내성을 나타내었다. 35주를 대상으로 class I, II 및 III integron gene cassette를 검색한 결과, 설사환자로부터 분리된 17주 중 3주가 dhfrX-orfF-aadA2 integron gene cassette을 보유하였고, 돼지로부터 분리된 18주중 11주가 dhfrX-orfF-aadA2 integron gene cassette를, 1주가 aadA2 integron을 보유하였다. 그러나 35주 모두가 class 2 integron gene cassette와 class 3 integron gene cassette는 보유하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 35주의 PEGE 유형은 5가지로 분류되었으며, 31주가 pulsotype A로 나머지 4주는 pulsotype B, C, D, E형으로 각각 나뉘어졌다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때 경북지역에서 사람과 돼지에서의 S. enterica serovar Typhimurium에 의한 살모넬라중은 몇 종류 유행주의 전파에 의한 것임을 보여줄다. dhfrX-orfF-aadA2 integron gene cassette를 보유한 13주가 pulsotype A, dhfrX-orfF-aadA2 integron gene cassette을 보유한 1주가 pulsotype B, aadA2 integron을 보유한 1주가 pulsotype E, integron을 보유하고 있지 않은 15주가 pulsotype A로 나타났다.

충청지역의 닭으로부터 분리된 Proteus mirabilis 균주에 존재하는 Class 1 Integron의 유전형 분석 (Characterizations of Class 1 Integrons in Proteus mirabilis Isolated from Chickens at Chungcheong Province)

  • 성지연;변용관
    • 대한임상검사과학회지
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    • 제47권2호
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    • pp.65-70
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    • 2015
  • 최근까지도 세균 감염증 치료 또는 성장촉진을 목적으로 가축에게 광범위하게 항균제를 사용해 왔으며, 이는 사람에게 보편적으로 사용되는 항균제들에 대한 내성세균의 출현 및 확산을 유도했다. 이렇게 출현한 다제 내성세균은 사람에게 음식을 통해 전달되고 내성유전자를 확산시킬 수 있어 더 큰 문제가 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 충청지역에서 사육된 닭으로부터 분리된 Proteus mirabilis 균주를 대상으로 integron의 빈도 및 integron의 존재에 따른 항균제 내성 비율의 변화를 조사하였다. 총 26 균주의 Proteus mirabilis가 분리되었으며 이 균주를 대상으로 항균제 감수성 검사와 PCR 및 DNA 염기서열분석을 통한 integron의 유전자 카세트 분석이 이루어졌다. 또한 extragenic palindromic sequence-based PCR (REP-PCR) 방법을 이용하여 P. mirabilis 균주들의 clonality를 확인하였다. P. mirabilis 26균주 중 14 균주(53.8%)가 class 1 integrons을 가지고 있음이 확인되었다. Class 1 integron 내에는 aminoglycoside (aacC, aadA), trimethoprim (dfrA), lincosamide (linF), 및 erythromycin (ereA) 등의 내성을 유도하는 유전자 카세트가 위치해 있었다. 이들 class 1 integron을 포함하는 균주는 integron을 포함하지 않는 균주보다 aminoglycoside 및 trimethoprim 계열 항균제에 대해 높은 내성율을 보였다. 본 연구에서 class 1 integron은 P. mirabilis 균주들 사이에 광범위하게 확산되어 있으며 다양한 항균제에 내성을 나타내는데 중요한 역할을 하고 있음이 확인되었다. 따라서 축사환경에 다제 내성세균의 출현 및 증가에 중요한 역할을 하는 integron의 확산에 대한 지속적인 감시가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

Distribution and Characterization of Integrons in Enterobacteriaceae Isolates from Chickens in Korea

  • Sung, Ji Youn;Oh, Ji-Eun
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제24권7호
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    • pp.1008-1013
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    • 2014
  • The use of antimicrobial agents for additives or therapeutics is strongly associated with a prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in commensal Enterobacteriaceae. We aimed to characterize integrons in Enterobacteriaceae isolates obtained from chicken cecums in Korea. Moreover, the correlation between integron gene cassettes and antimicrobial resistance was also investigated. A total of 90 isolates the belonged to Enterobacteriaceae were recovered from chickens grown at Gyeongsang and Chungcheong provinces in Korea. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by the disk diffusion method. PCR and DNA sequencing were also performed to characterize the gene cassette arrays of the integrons. Of the 90 Enterobacteriaceae isolates tested, 39 (43.3%) and 10 (11.1%) isolates carried class 1 and 2 integrons, respectively. Whereas the class 2 integron did not contain gene cassettes, the class 1 integrons carried seven different gene cassette arrays. The class 1 integrons harbored genes encoding resistant determinants to aminoglycosides (aadA1, aadA2, and aadA5), trimethoprim (dfrA1, dfrA12, dfrA17, and dfrA32), lincosamides (linF), and erythromycin (ereA). Moreover, the presence of a class 1 integron was significantly related to a high resistance rate of antimicrobial agents, such as spectinomycin and trimethoprim. We confirmed that diverse class 1 integrons were widely distributed in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from chickens and directly contributed to the resistance to diverse antimicrobial agents in Korea.

Identification of a Novel Cassette Array in Integron-bearing Helicobacter Pylori Strains Isolated from Iranian Patients

  • Goudarzi, Mehdi;Seyedjavadi, Sima Sadat;Fazeli, Maryam;Roshani, Maryam;Azad, Mehdi;Heidary, Mohsen;Navidinia, Masoumeh;Goudarzi, Hossein
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제17권7호
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    • pp.3309-3315
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    • 2016
  • Helicobacter pylori as the second most common cause of gastric cancer in the world infects approximately half of the developed countries population and 80% of the population living in developing countries. Integrons as genetic reservoirs play major roles in dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report carriage of class 1 and 2 integrons and associated gene cassettes in H. pylori isolates from Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Tehran among 110 patients with H. pylori infection. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) for H. pylori strains were assessed by the micro broth dilution method. Class 1 and 2 integrons were detected using PCR. In order to determine gene cassettes, amplified fragments were subjected to DNA sequencing of both amplicon strands. The prevalence of resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole, clarithromycin, tetracycline, amoxicillin, rifampin, and levofloxacin were 68.2% (n=75), 25.5% (n=28), 24.5% (n=27), 19.1% (n=21), 18.2% (n=20) and 16.4% (n=18), respectively. Frequency of multidrug resistance among H. pylori isolates was 12.7%. Class 2 integron was detected in 50 (45.5%) and class 1 integron in 10 (9.1%) H. pylori isolates. The most predominant gene cassette arrays in class 2 integron-bearing H. pylori were included sat-era-aadA1, dfrA1-sat2-aadA1, blaoxa2 and, aadB whereas common gene cassette arrays in class 1 integron were aadB-aadA1-cmlA6, aacA4, blaoxa2, and catB3. The high frequency of class 2 integron and multidrug resistance in the present study should be considered as a warning for clinicians that continuous surveillance is necessary to prevent the further spread of resistant isolates.

국내에서 분리된 Acinetobacter baumannii의 Integron과 연관된 다제내성 분석 (Analysis of Integron-Associated Multi-Drug Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated in Korea)

  • 김성환;최지혜;박은진;서인원;손승렬
    • 미생물학회지
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    • 제46권3호
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    • pp.303-307
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    • 2010
  • 임상분리 균주인 A. baumannii 1625는 imipenem (carbapenem 계열)을 포함한 대부분의 ${\beta}$-lactam계열의 항생제들과 kanamycin, gentamicin, tobramycin 및 제 3세대와 4세대 cephalosporin 계열의 항생제들에 광범위한 내성을 나타내었고, 한국에서는 드문 IMP-1형 metallo-${\beta}$-lactamase (MBL)를 생성하는 균주임이 확인되었다. A. baumannii 1625는 약 2.5 kb 크기의 class 1 integron을 갖고 있었으며, 이 integron내에 aminoglycoside계열 내성 유전자인 accA4, carbapenem 계열 내성 유전자인 $bla_{IMP-1}$, 광범위한 ${\beta}$-lactam 내성 유전자인 $bla_{OXA-2}$ 유전자 cassette들이 차례대로 위치해 있음을 확인하였는데, 이것은 IMP-1형과 OXA-2형 ${\beta}$-lactamase의 유전자를 같은 integron내에 동시에 갖는 새로운 배열 및 구조로서 이전에 국내에서 보고된 바 없는 것이다. 이 2.5 kb 크기의 integron을 항생제 내성이 없는 E. coli에 형질전환 시켰을 때, imipenem, ampicillin, piperacillin, cefazolin, cefoperazone, aztreonam 등의 항생제들에 대하여 8배 이상 증가된 내성정도를 보였다. 이는 A. baumannii 1625의 integron이 다제내성을 부여하는 기능을 하고 있음을 보여준다.

서울지역 소아에서 분리된 Nontyphoid Salmonella의 항생제 내성과 Integron의 특징 (Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Integrons of Nontyphoid Salmonella Isolates from Infants in Seoul)

  • 진영희;김진아;정지헌;전수진;이재규;오영희;한기영;이영기
    • 미생물학회지
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    • 제46권4호
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    • pp.326-333
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    • 2010
  • 2003년부터 2009년까지 서울지역 소아에서 분리된 nontyphoid Salmonella 105주에 대해서 혈청형, 항생제 내성양상, integron의 특징과 PFGE를 수행하였다. 혈청형은 총 18종으로 S.Enteritidis가 가장 많이 분리되었고, 그 다음은 Montevide였다. 항균제 내성은 혈청형별로 차이가 있었으나 전체 살모넬라에 대해서 10종의 항균제에 대한 내성률은 ampicillin이 60%로 가장 높았으며, tetracycline 46.7%, streptomycin 35.2%, nalidixic acid 28.6% 순이었다. 다재내성 유형을 알아본 결과 nalidixic acid 단독 내성이 15.7%로 가장 많았고, ampicillinampicillin/sulbactam-tetracycline형이 14.5%, ampicillin-streptomycin-chloramphenicol-tetracycline형이 10.8%였다. Integron에 대한 연구 결과 integron 보유율은 19%로 20주에서 class 1 integron을 가지고 있었고 gene cassette는 20%만 확인이 되었다. 확인된 gene cassette는 aadA2, blaP1과 dfrA12-aadA2, dfr17-aadA5, aadA7이였다. 연도별 분리균의 유연관계를 확인 하고자 가장 분리율이 높은 S. Enteritidis 50주에 대해서 PFGE를 수행한 결과 3가지 Pulsotype으로 나눠어졌다. 3주를 제외한 모든 균주는 similarity 89.8%의 비교적 유연관계가 높은 균임을 확인할 수 있었다.

Analysis of Class 1 Integrons in Imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

  • Sung, Ji Youn
    • 대한임상검사과학회지
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    • 제43권2호
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    • pp.68-74
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    • 2011
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an aerobic, Gram-negative, glucose-nonfermenting bacterium, which has emerged as a serious opportunistic pathogen. Recently, outbreaks of carbapenem resistant P. aeruginosa give rise to significant therapeutic challenges for treating nosocomial infections. The genes of metallo-${\beta}$-lactamase (MBL), a powerful carbapenemase, are carried as a part of the mobile gene cassettes inserted into integrons playing an important role in rapid dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes among bacterial isolates. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of integron in imipenem resistant P. aeruginosa isolates. A total of 61 consecutive, non-duplicate, and imipenem resistant P. aeruginosa strains were isolated from a university hospital in the Chungcheong province of Korea. We employed repetitive extragenic palindromic sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) method for the selection of clonally different P. aerusinosa strains. PCR and DNA sequencing were conducted for the detection of integrons. Twenty-one clonally different P. aeruginosa strains were isolated. Only one (P28) of the strains harbored $bla_{VIM-2}$ that was found as gene cassettes in class 1 integrons. Four of 21 carbapenem resistant P. aeruginosa strains harbored class 1 integron containing aminoglycoside resistance determinant. All of the integrons detected in the study contained more than one resistance gene cassette, which can mediate resistance to multiple antibiotics. To prevent further spreading of the multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa, conseguent monitoring and clinical polices are required.

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Identification and Characterization of Putative Integron-Like Elements of the Heavy-Metal-Hypertolerant Strains of Pseudomonas spp.

  • Ciok, Anna;Adamczuk, Marcin;Bartosik, Dariusz;Dziewit, Lukasz
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제26권11호
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    • pp.1983-1992
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    • 2016
  • Pseudomonas strains isolated from the heavily contaminated Lubin copper mine and Zelazny Most post-flotation waste reservoir in Poland were screened for the presence of integrons. This analysis revealed that two strains carried homologous DNA regions composed of a gene encoding a DNA_BRE_C domain-containing tyrosine recombinase (with no significant sequence similarity to other integrases of integrons) plus a three-component array of putative integron gene cassettes. The predicted gene cassettes encode three putative polypeptides with homology to (i) transmembrane proteins, (ii) GCN5 family acetyltransferases, and (iii) hypothetical proteins of unknown function (homologous proteins are encoded by the gene cassettes of several class 1 integrons). Comparative sequence analyses identified three structural variants of these novel integron-like elements within the sequenced bacterial genomes. Analysis of their distribution revealed that they are found exclusively in strains of the genus Pseudomonas.

Isolation of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella typhimurium DT104 from Swine in Korea

  • Lee, Ki-Eun;Lee, Yeon-Hee
    • Journal of Microbiology
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    • 제45권6호
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    • pp.590-592
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    • 2007
  • We report the isolation of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium phage type DT104 (CCARM 8104) from swine in Korea. The CCARM 8104 isolate was resistant to nalidixic acid and showed reduced susceptibility to quinolones. The CCARM 8104 isolate had a missense mutation, Asp87Asn, in the quinolone resistance-determining region in gyrA and produced PSE-1. The CCARM 8104 isolate carried two different class 1 integrons, and the PSE-1 ${\beta}$-lactamase gene was inserted into a 1,200 bp class 1 integron. The presence of DT104 with pse-1 in an integron located in a plasmid and reduced susceptibility to quinolone in swine pose a significant threat of possible horizontal spread between swine and humans.

Molecular Characterization of Antibiotic Resistant Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Tap and Spring Waters in a Coastal Region in Turkey

  • Ozgumus, Osman Birol;Celik-Sevim, Elif;Alpay-Karaoglu, Sengul;Sandalli, Cemal;Sevim, Ali
    • Journal of Microbiology
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    • 제45권5호
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    • pp.379-387
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    • 2007
  • A hundred and seventeen antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli strains were isolated from public tap and spring waters which were polluted by fecal coliforms. There were no significant differences between two water sources as to the coliform pollution level (p> 0.05). All E. coli isolates were detected to be resistant to one or more antibiotics tested. Nearly 42% of the isolates showed multiresistant phenotype. Three (2.5%) of these isolates contained class 1 integron. Sequencing analysis of variable regions of the class 1 integrons showed two gene cassette arrays, dfr1-aadA1 and dhfrA17-aadA5. Resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was transferable according to the results of conjugation experiments. The rate of tetracycline resistance was 15%. tet(A)-mediated tetracycline resistance was widespread among tetracycline-resistant E. coli isolates. Genotyping by BOX-polymerase chain reaction (BOX-PCR) showed that some of the strains were epidemiologically related. This is the first report on the prevalence and characterization of class 1 integron-containing E. coli isolates of environmental origin in Turkey.