• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.42-45
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• 2012

In construction industry, the term 'procurement' is considered as a project based job where clients and contractors are always keen to observe performance indicators. These indicators represent financial and non-financial efficiency of project activities. Among these, the monitoring of financial indicators such as cost monitoring is an ongoing process and its importance cannot be undermined during the project life cycle. It can be monitored by using traditional approach of direct reporting of actual cost against budget. However, the comparison of budget versus actual spending does not indicate the worth of the work which is completed at any given time. This approach does not represent the true cost performance of the project. Because of these limitations, this paper discusses the applications of Earned Value Analysis (EVA) for cost monitoring of construction projects in Malaysia. Besides traditional approach, EVA is a three-dimensional approach that compares three cost indicators i.e. the budgeted value of work scheduled with the earned value of physical work completed and the actual cost of work completed. Therefore, cost monitoring by EVA is an objective measure of actual work performed. This paper uses a case study, an example application of EVA as a cost monitoring tool. This case study reaffirms the benefits of using EVA for project cash flow analysis and forecasting.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.19-35
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• 2015

This study compares the seismic performances of two reinforced concrete frame specimens tested by the pseudo-dynamic procedure. The pair of 3-storey, 3-bay frames specimens are constructed with typical characteristics of older construction which is lacking seismic design. One of the specimens is a bare frame while the other is infilled with low-strength autoclave aerated concrete (AAC) block masonry. The focus of this study is to investigate the influence of low strength masonry infill walls on the seismic response of older RC frames designed for gravity loads. It is found that the presence of weak infill walls considerably reduce deformations and damage in the upper stories while their influence at the critical ground story is not all that positive. Infill walls tend to localize damage at the critical story due to a peculiar frame-infill interaction, and impose larger internal force and deformation demands on the columns and beams bounding the infills. Therefore the general belief in earthquake engineering that infills develop a second line of defence against lateral forces in seismically deficient frames is nullified in case of low-strength infill walls in the presented experimental research.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.145-156
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• 2020

The 24 January 2020 (Mw=6.8) earthquake with epicentre in Elazığ (Sivrice) on the East Anatolian Fault Zone caused loss of life and property. The information was given about the seismotectonic setting and regional seismicity along this fault zone and aftershock activity and ground motion data of this earthquake. Earthquake parameters were obtained for five different earthquake stations which were closer to the epicentre. Horizontal and vertical design spectra were obtained for the geographic locations for each earthquake station. The obtained spectra for the earthquake epicentre were compared with selected appropriate attenuation relationships. The damages after earthquake were evaluated via geotechnical and structural aspects. This study also aims to investigate the cause-effect relationships between structural damage in reinforced-concrete and masonry structures, respectively. The lack of engineering services was effective on the amount of damage in masonry structures. Insufficient reinforcement and concrete strength, dimensions and inadequate detailing increased the amount of damage in reinforced-concrete structures. Importance should be given to negative parameters that may weaken the defence mechanisms of structures for earthquake-resistant structural design.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2008

이명박 정부는 출범과 동시 대국 대과의 원칙을 가지고 정부조직을 15부 2처 체제로 대폭 축소 개편하였고 국가 위기관리 분야도 전시, 평시 대비 업무를 효율적으로 관리하기 위하여 행정안전부로 국무총리실의 비상기획 위원회 기능 등을 통합시켰으나 재난 안전관리, 비상대비, 위기상황 관리는 행정안전부가 소방, 재난관리와 민방위는 소방방재청이 대테러는 국가정보원에서 각각 관장하게 함으로써 행정안전부의 재난총괄, 비상대비, 위기 상황관리 업무가 소방방재청의 재난관리, 민방위, 재난 상황 관리 기능과 유사하게 중복되는 등 비효율적인 체제를 유지하고 있으므로 이에 대한 심도 있는 분석을 통하여 재난 비상대비 민방위 업무에 대한 정부의 바람직한 재난관리 조직 재설계 간을 제시하고자 함.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2017

The military remains have a social and historic value in holding up a true mirror to modern history of war and suffering, and will be used for historic place in Korea. This study is to research these modern military remains as cultural properties in Korea. They are classified with three types, namely military sites, installations of civil structures and buildings. The military remains have the historic sites of the righteous army and Korean war, and most of them are battle fields located in a mountainous area rather than urban area. There are fortresses, bridges and tunnels, and watchtowers of civil structures. The fortresses were constructed with Japanese military installations in the end of the Pacific War, and are most located in Sangmo-ri, Daejeong-eup, Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do, Korea. The bridges were to be destroyed and constructed during the war, and the watchtowers as military defence were to be constructed in inland area. There are arsenals, barracks, and headquarters of buildings. The weapon factory of Gigiguk (arsenal bureau) constructed in the late 19th century are present, and also the army training center, barracks, and church, etc are in Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do, Korea. There are old headquarters constructed in 1910s at Jinhae Gyeongnam, and buildings to testify about the horrors of the Korean war around Cheorwon, Gangwon.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.375-394
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• 2015

This paper presents the results of four long-term experiments carried out to investigate the time-dependent behaviour of composite floor slabs with particular attention devoted to the development of non-uniform shrinkage through the slab thickness. This is produced by the presence of the steel deck which prevents moisture egress to occur from the underside of the slab. To observe the influence of different drying conditions on the development of shrinkage, the four 3.3 m long specimens consisted of two composite slabs cast on Stramit Condeck $HP^{(R)}$ steel deck and two reinforced concrete slabs, with the latter ones having both faces exposed for drying. During the long-term tests, the samples were maintained in a simply-supported configuration subjected to their own self-weight, creep and shrinkage for four months. Separate concrete samples were prepared and used to measure the development of shrinkage through the slab thickness over time for different drying conditions. A theoretical model was used to predict the time-dependent behaviour of the composite and reinforced concrete slabs. This approach was able to account for the occurrence of non-uniform shrinkage and comparisons between numerical results and experimental measurements showed good agreement. This work highlights the importance of considering the shrinkage gradient in predicting shrinkage deformations of composite slabs. Further comparisons with experimental results are required to properly validate the adequacy of the proposed approach for its use in routine design.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제84권2호
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• pp.167-180
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• 2022

A strategic structure when exposed to direct hit of conventional bomb/projectile are severely damaged because of large amounts of energy released by the impact and penetration of bomb. When massive concrete slabs suffer a direct hit, the energy released during impact and penetration process are able to easily break up large mass of concrete. When over stressed under such impact of bombs, the concrete structure fails showing brittle behavioural nature. This paper is intended to study and suggest the protective measures for structures used for strategic application by adopting a means to dissipate the large quantum of energy released. To quantitatively evaluate the force, displacement and energy in such scenario, a fine numerical model of the proposed layered structure of different combinations was built in ANSYS programme in which tri-nitrotoluene (TNT) explosive was detonated at penetration depth calculated for GP1000 Lbs bomb. The distinct blast mitigation effect of the proposed structure was demonstrated by adopting various layers/barriers created as protective measures for the strategic structure. The calculated result shows that the blast effect on the structure is potentially reduced due to provision of buster slab with sand cushioning provided as protective measure to the main structure. This concept of layered protective measures may be adopted for safeguarding strategic structures such as Domes, Tunnels and Underground Structures.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2023

항공기 연료계통은 연료 공급, 연료탱크 간 연료이송, 각 연료탱크 내의 잔여 연료량 측정 등의 기능을 수행하며, 추락 시 화재의 직접적인 원인이 되기 때문에 추락에 견딜 수 있도록 설계하여 승무원의 추락 생존성을 높여야 한다. 민간에서는 연료계통의 내추락 설계를 감항 요구도로 반영하여 철저한 검증을 요구하고 있으며, 비행안전이 확보된 항공기 개발을 위해 관련 감항인증기준 및 입증방안에 대한 연구가 필수적이나 미미한 실정이다. 이러한 사항에 착안하여 본 논문에서는 연료계통 내추락성 입증 지침 마련을 통한 비행안전성 향상 방안 연구의 일환으로 군용 회전익항공기에 적용 가능한 연료계통 내추락 관련 감항인증기준, 입증방법 및 적용 사례에 대한 분석 결과를 기술하였다.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2013년도 하계학술대회
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• pp.307-309
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• 2013

국내에서는 1975년부터 민방위 기본법을 재정하여 민방위 경보 서비스를 실시하고 있으며 인구 5천이상의 도심지역의 민방위 경보를 위해 중앙과 시도를 중심으로 구축된 민방위 경보시스템이 운영되고 있다. 그러나 기존 재난경보시설과의 연동이 부족함으로써 특히 도심지역에서는 건물로 인한 민방위 경보 사각지대가 발생하면서 민방위경보 수신의 한계를 갖게 되었다. 이에 본 본 논문에서는 도시 소음차단 방음시설이 잘된 도심지역의 대형빌딩이나 아파트 내부 등 옥내에서의 민방위경보 사각지대를 해소하는 방안을 중심으로 도심지역의 민방위경보 수신 커버리지를 확대하는 방안에 대해 고찰한다.

• 기술사
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.18-21
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• 2000

As consumer, one of the most important things how to get manufactured good is an assurance of quality. We have a consumer protection law which is weaker than product liability law(so called PL law), but stronger than civil law. In this special issue, we want to explain PL law which will be legislated within not long time and to propose a method of protection and defence in building and housing field. As the quality control of constructor, ISO 9000 series for quality assurance and CM (Construction Management) for quality assister are concerned in all construction process. Therefore, above mentioned PL law is very serious problems which are applied in apartment housing, if applied, a little part as not real estate will be possible.