• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2013.01a
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• pp.260-266
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• 2013

This study for establishing specific standards of atrium design aims to discuss design of atrium to consider energy performance according to the types of atrium of office building. In order to evaluate a type and a scale of atrium at the early design stage, modeling details of mass design were set as standards of conceptual design. In the experiment, Project Vasari was used to analyze modeling and energy consumption, based on the LOD 100-step suggested by AIA, because there is no guideline to specify a level of modeling details at each design process. From this analysis, the correlation among a simple-typed atrium and scale and energy load was understood, and the followings are the considerations for designing an atrium. First, the single-sided atrium reduced energy the most, and it was followed by three-sided, two-sided, four-sided and continuous-typed ones. On the whole, they could decrease energy by up to about 15%. Also, the atrium with a wide facade facing in the south was more favorable to reduce energy. Second, planning an atria within 10~30% of the whole building area was more energy efficient. Third, rather than the depth, adjusting the length in designing an atrium could reduce cooling and heating loads by 1.5% per 1m. As explained above, energy performance evaluation considering types and planning elements of atrium helps to assess alternatives in a reasonable way. In particular, considering the use of building needs to be preceded to select a type of atrium, although it is also important to consider its planning elements.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.106-116
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• 2021

This paper considers a joint problem for blood inventory planning at hospitals and blood delivery planning from blood centers to hospitals, in order to alleviate the blood service imbalance between big and small hospitals being occurred in practice. The joint problem is to determine delivery timing, delivery quantity, delivery means such as medical drones and legacy blood vehicles, and inventory level to minimize inventory and delivery costs while satisfying hospitals' blood demand over a planning horizon. This problem is formulated as a mixed integer programming model by considering practical constraints such as blood lifespan and drone specification. To solve the problem, this paper employs a Lagrangian relaxation technique and suggests a time efficient Lagrangian heuristic algorithm. The performance of the suggested heuristic is evaluated by conducting computational experiments on randomly-generated problem instances, which are generated by mimicking the real data of Korean Red Cross in Seoul and other reliable sources. The results of computational experiments show that the suggested heuristic obtains near-optimal solutions in a shorter amount of time. In addition, we discuss the effect of changes in the length of blood lifespan, the number of planning periods, the number of hospitals, and drone specifications on the performance of the suggested Lagrangian heuristic.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.11-26
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• 2013

This study examined the applicability of robust decision making (RDM) over standard decision making (SDM) by comparing each result of water supply planning under climate change uncertainties for a Korean dam case. RDM determines the rank of alternatives using the regret criterion which derives less fluctuating alternatives under the risk level regardless of scenarios. RDM and SDM methods were applied to assess hypothetic scenarios of water supply planning for the Andong dam and Imha dam basins. After generating various climate change scenarios and six assumed alternatives, the rank of alternatives was estimated by RDM and SDM respectively. As a result, the average difference in the rank of alternatives between RDM and SDM methods is 0.33~1.33 even though the same scenarios and alternatives were used to be ranked by both of RDM and SDM. This study has significance in terms of an attempt to assess a new approach to decision making for responding to climate change uncertainties in Korea. The effectiveness of RDM under more various conditions should be verified in the future.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.46-54
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• 2018

In the 21st century, the Earth has continued its efforts to reduce carbon emissions to overcome the crisis caused by climate change. The construction industry, which is a representative industry that produces large amounts of the environmental load during construction, should actively reduce the amount of the environmental load. From the planning stage of the construction facility, it is necessary to consider the environmental load such as route selection and structure type selection to reduce the environmental load. However, the environmental load can be estimated based on the input resource amount. However, in the planning stage, it is difficult to accurately calculate the environmental load due to lack of information on the construction amount. The purpose of this study is to select the environmental load factors for IPC girder bridges to be used in the environmental load estimation model in the planning stage. Specific information related to the environmental load was selected from a list of information available in the planning stage, reflecting the Life Cycle Assessment(LCA), correlation, principal components analysis and expert opinion. The list of selected planning stage information is 10 such as span length and bridge extension, and it is expected to be used as a basic data for the future development of environmental load estimation model.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.83-109
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• 2010

The main purpose of this paper is to suggest a spatial planning approach to effectively deal with airport noise problems in neighborhoods adjacent to civil airports. Rapid urbanization around the airports, as well as growing concerns on quality-of-life, resulted in ever-growing airport noise complaints, lawsuit, and central government's financial burden. S. Korea government adopted a restriction- and compensation-based airport noise management policy against the problems in mid 1990s. It, however, turns out to be ineffective in guiding incompatible land uses and facilities away from the airports' environs and to encourage compatible ones to locate around the airports. Base on the United State's and United Kingdom's airport noise management practices, therefore, this study suggests a new spatial planning approach that emphasizes the following: 1) diversification of current airport noise mitigation programs, 2) introduction of "sector"-based, spatial management system, and 3) central government's close cooperation with local governments and communities.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.837-842
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• 2022

The "Intelligent Railroad Alignment Design Program (ei-Rail) developed in 2013 has been adopted in the planning and the evaluation/validation of design results of oversea railroad construction projects. Target countries of Korean railroad industries requires the operating speed increase with alignment improvement and the double tracking of prevailing single track railroads as well as new railroad construction. This study is to develop an additional module for double tracking project of prevailing single track railroads in the ei-Rail. The developed method is based on the geometrics of prevailing railroad, and the definition of planned project determines the project cost based on the unit cost by work type, and provides the draft design of double track. The module was validated with a oversea case. It is then expected for oversea railroad double tracking project more efficiently in planning and the evaluation of design results.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.2A
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• pp.223-231
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• 2008

This research presents a new maintenance planning method for deteriorating bridges considering simultaneously the minimization of the maintenance cost and maximization of the bridge performance. Optimal maintenance planning is formulated as a multi-objective optimization problem that treats the maintenance cost as well as the bridge performance such as the condition grade of the bridge deck, girder and pier. To effectively address the multi-objective optimization problem and decision making process for the obtained solution set, we apply a genetic algorithm as a numerical searching technique and adopt a preference-based optimization method. A numerical example for a typical 5-span prestressed concrete girder bridge shows that the maintenance cost and the performance of the bridge can be balanced reasonably without severe trade-offs between each objectives.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.465-492
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• 2008

Proper pretest planning is a vital component of any successful vibration test on engineering structures. The most important issue in dynamic testing of many engineering structures is arriving at the number and optimal placement of sensors. The sensors must be placed on the structure in such a way that all the important dynamic behaviour of a structural system is captured during the course of the test with sufficient accuracy so that the information can be effectively utilised for structural parameter identification or health monitoring. Several optimal sensor placement (OSP) techniques are proposed in the literature and each of these methods have been evaluated with respect to a specific problem encountered in various engineering disciplines like aerospace, civil, mechanical engineering, etc. In the present work, we propose to perform a detailed characteristic evaluation of some selective popular OSP techniques with respect to their application to practical civil engineering problems. Numerical experiments carried out in the paper on various practical civil engineering structures indicate that effective independence (EFI) method is more consistent when compared to all other sensor placement techniques.

• Architectural research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.57-64
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• 2015

In architectural planning, previous cases of similar spatial program provide important data for architectural design. Case-based reasoning (CBR) paradigm in the field of architectural design is closely related to the designing behavior of a planner who makes use of similar architectural designs and spatial programs in the past. In CBR, spatial graph can be constituted with most fundamental data, which can provide a method of searching spatial program by using visual graphs. This study developed a system for CBR that can analyze the similarity through graph comparison and search for buildings. This is an integrated system that is able to compare space similarity of different buildings and analyze their types, in addition to the analysis on a space within a single structure.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.7-11
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• 2015

The luffing-tower crane (T/C) is a key facility used in the vertical and horizontal transportation of materials in a tall building construction. Locating the crane in an optimal position is an essential task in the initial stages of construction planning. This paper proposes a new optimization model to locate the luffing T/C in the optimal position to minimize the transportation time. A newly developed mathematical formula is suggested to calculate the transportation time of luffing T/C correctly. An optimization algorithm, the Harmony Search (HS) algorithm, was used and the results show that HS has high performance characteristics to solve the optimization problem in a short period of time. In a case study, the proposed model offered a better position for T/C than the previous heuristic approach.