• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.151-156
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• 2008

The after 1974 capital region electric railroad is opened to traffic Koraill and Seoul metro adopt each other different power supply method and they operate and they are come. AC 25[kv] method voltage the insulation becomes larger standing distance highly, the case tunnel section which will introduce in the underground segment becomes on a large scale and the cost of construction increases to the city center and the underground segment adoption of DC method was many. To recent times with R-bar (Rigid-bar) introductions change of tunnel section the introduction of AC method came to be easy without in the underground segment. Operates sees in the electric protection where the Seoul metro and the Korail are different each other and, from the dead section segment the interior electric light to put out lights the passenger brings about inconveniently and the civil appeal which demands a power supply method unification occurs, within the company interchange electric railroad brazier safety improvement and maintenance expense curtailment etc. the flaw is original proposal, is a condition which finishes a feasibility study service about the power supply method fringe land. Interchange analysis of the DC electric railway it leads from the present paper and it compares under analyzing being it could be reflected to also the route which is in the process of actual using boil the strong point and a weak point of DC and AC method of the establishment route constructive at the time of and

• 국제강구조저널
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1139-1152
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• 2018

Many studies on the application of stainless steels as structural materials in buildings and infra-structures have been performed thanks to superior characteristics of corrosion resistance, fire resistance and aesthetic appeal. Experimental investigation to estimate the ultimate strength and fracture mode of the fillet-welded connections of cold-formed austenitic stainless steel (STS304L) with better intergranular corrosion resistance than that of austenitic stainless steel, STS304 commonly used has carried out by authors. Specimens were fabricated to fail by base metal fracture not weld metal fracture with main variables of weld lengths according to loading direction. All specimens showed a block shear fracture mode. In this paper, finite element analysis model was developed to predict the ultimate behaviors of welded connection and its validity was verified through the comparison with test results. Since the block shear behavior of welded connection due to stress triaxiality and shear-lag effects is different from that of bolted connection, stress and strain distributions in the critical path of tensile and shear fracture section were investigated. Test and analysis strengths were compared with those by current design specifications such as AISC, EC3 and existing researcher's proposed equations. In addition, through parametric analysis with extended variables, the conditions of end distance and longitudinal weld length for block shear fracture and tensile fracture were suggested.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.243-279
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• 2004

The construction arbitration field has developed considerably since the latter half of the 1990s. Through analysis of construction arbitration cases taken up by KCAB, this paper intends to show the present condition and the improvement direction of construction arbitration in Korea. The number of construction arbitration cases filed at KCAB has been increasing rapidly after 1997, but recently the rate of increase has tended to decline. From 2000 to 2003 the number of arbitration cases increased 23％ each year, on average, but in 2003 the increase was only 7.6％. In the very beginning, public construction claims made up the majority of all construction cases, however, civil construction claims are increasing gradually. The arbitration amount in the construction field is very high, owing to public construction claims. For example, the arbitration amount per case was 5 billion won, on average,. in the public construction field. It is shown that the claimants of arbitration are mostly constructors and the main reasons for making claims are to demand payment for construction and payment for additional work. KCAB investigated the performance status of arbitration awards. The voluntary performance rate for awards in construction arbitration is nearly 80％ and in 11％, a suit was filed to appeal the arbitration award. In spite of the development of construction arbitration, some improvements are requested. There have been arguments about the effectiveness of selective arbitration agreement in the General Terms of Construction Contract. This has caused a decrease in arbitration cases, so improvements in this dispute settlement clause need to be made. Enforcement of arbitration awards is granted by the judgment of a court. Resulting from this, appeals for arbitration awards are not allowed, however, up to three appeals for the enforcement of awards are allowed in court. As such, the enforcement system for arbitration awards needs to be improved and simplified.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.91-102
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• 2000

As an economy approach new state of affairs under the influence of the Shil-Hak philosophy, the Joshun society at 18th century gave common people to a chance to impress and to patronize the Arts. This social environment made an artist to drawing see and feel, this is a genre picture. Hong Do Kim(1745-1816 or 1818) was a typical genre picturer of Joshun, his picture reflected the time truthly and honestly and described vividly a life of common people, so expressed Realism what based on the actual. Therefore the purpose of this study is to analyze and to study costume of common people and their life style. The costume in a genre picture books are summarized. Man's basic dresses were Jugori and Baji uniformity, but based on the job or situation those had a little variation. People of a blacksmith shop wore that to enlarge sleeve of Bagi and Jugori and wore Strow Sandle exactly, in that way prepared for danger of treating hot iron. On the side, in the summer, Soikojambangiee and Deungguri jucksam wore at grain. The majority of hair style was Minsangtoo that Manggun not to be surrounded a head. Womam's basic dresses were Chima and Jugori, it was not to be different in compare with a woman of the aristocratic class, extremely appeal simplicity. But it was not to be of no accent on fashion even if common people, they wore a shot Dangko jugori that busts were seen below Jugori. A hair style was simple hair that her braid placed aboved a head, different with very richful hair style, Gachae that one‘s braid hair placed above a head, a hair style of woman of the aristocratic class and Kinuer. Because of common people's costume are not a special thing expect for basic dress-Jugori, Baji, Chima, many historical books or articles about costume are not existed. As the results of this study on costume of common people's life, we found that basic dresses appeared to a various types based on the job and the situation.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2008

The odours from spreading the slurry, manure storage tanks, and the stall are a source of annoyance for the neighbors and sometimes even become a case for civil appeal. Reducing the odourant and ammonia emission is an urgent need to be addressed. It is known that brown coal and oak charcoal have an ability to absorb odour. We designed an experiment set in lab scale and used the brown coal and oak charcoal as additives in the test to reduce odour. The test are divided into two categories; namely aeration and no-aeration. The additives were added to the each sample at a concentration of 5% and 10% of total base solids, besides the control samples. We carried out the Phenate Method for ammonia analyzing. In the non-aerated case, the results showed a reducing efficiency of 23.7% and 26.4% with an addition rate of 5% and 10% of additives, respectively. In the aerated test, the reducing efficiency of ammonia was 17.8% and 21.0% with an addition rate of 5% and 10% of additives, respectively. In case of oak charcoal, non-aeration showed removal efficiencies of ammonia at 15.9% and 16.1% with addition rates of 5% and 10%, respectively, With aeration, they were 11.4% and 26.4% with addition rates of 5% and 10% oak charcoal, respectively. The tests show that brown coal and oak charcoal have a reducing effect on ammonia emissions.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제33권
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• pp.191-219
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• 2007

Section 39(5) of Marine Insurance Act 1906 concerns the case where with the privity of the assured, the ship is sent to sea in an unseaworthy state. The underwriters argue that the assured had"blind-eye knowledge" of the particular respect in which the ship was unseaworthy. Blind-eye knowledge requires a conscious reason for blinding the eye. There must be at least a suspicion of a truth about which one do not want to know and which one refuse to investigate. What has caused greater difficulty is the broad provision in s.17 which appears to be unlimited in its scope. The expression "utmost good faith" appears to derive from the idea of uberrimae fidei, words which indeed appear in the sidenote. The concept of uberrima fides does not appear to have derived from civil law and it has been regarded as unnecessary in civilian systems. S.17 raises many questions. But only two of them are critical to the decision of the present appeal-the fraudulent claim question and the litigation question. It is however necessary to discuss them in the context of a consideration of the problematic character of s.17. In the Star Sea Case, for the defendants to succeed in their defence under this part of the case the defendants have to show that claim was made fraudulently. They have failed to obtain a finding of fraud. It is not enough that until part of the way through the trial the owners failed to disclose to the defendants would have wished to see in order to provide them with some, albeit inadequate, evidential support for their alleged defence under s.39(5). The defence under s.17 fails. The Purpose of this work is to analyze the Star Sea Case, and to explore problems of the MIA relating to the judgement of this case.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회 제20권2호
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• pp.141-144
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• 2008

최근 철도는 운송수단으로써 그 역할이 증대되어 대량화, 고속화, 쾌적화를 지향하고 있다. 나아가 활용성의 극대화, 이용자 편의성 증대 등 다양한 목적을 위해 도심지 및 건물인접구간을 통과하는 철도 및 역사부설도 증가되고 있는 실정이다. 그러나 열차의 대량화, 고속화는 기존에 비해 증가된 소음 및 진동을 유발하며, 이러한 소음과 진동은 인접지역의 민원유발, 구조물의 사용성 저하, 소음진동관련 환경기준치 초과 등 다양한 문제를 야기할 수 있다. 따라서 철도의 소음 및 진동저감 관련기술개발은 철도건설에 있어 필수적이며, 향후 고속철도노선의 확대로 그 중요성은 더욱 증대될 것이다. 본 논문에서는 철도 및 선하역사의 소음 진동저감을 위해 플로팅 슬래브 궤도시스템(floating slab track system)을 소개하고자 하였으며, 이와 관련된 방진재의 개념도를 작성하고, 시스템의 기초해석 및 기본설계를 수행하였다.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2005

본 연구는 가능교통량과 가상주행을 통한 최적후보 노선선정에 군을 선정한 다음 최적 노선 선정에 관한 연구이다. 노선선정은 예비타당성조사, 기본 및 실시설계단계 등을 충분히 검토한 다음 도로를 설계하게 된다. 다양해진 도로이용자의 요구사항은 도로설계를 할 때부터 반영되어야 하나 기존방법은 2차원적인 지형요소를 고려하기 때문에 불규칙한 지형에 대한 적정 설계기준을 포함하지 못하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 후보노선을 선정을 위해 가상교통량분석과 주행을 실시하였다. 3차원 자료구축 구조물의 가상도로주행에서 모의관측으로 경관 및 지형 분석을 실시하여 최적노선을 선정하였다. 가상교통량과 3차원 모의관측기법을 통하여 도로건설 후에 미치는 자연환경과 조화되는 경관분석이 가능하고 조망권 차단 등 지역주민들과 마찰이 예상되는 부분에서 객관적인 해석이 가능하였다.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2004

터널의 안정성 확보 및 최적설계를 위해서, 충분한 지반조사 데이터를 확보하는 것이 가장 중요하나, 공간상에 분포하는 자료측정의 제한성 및 경제적인 이유로 그렇게 하지 못하는 것이 현실이다. 특히, 터널은 민원 및 산악지형 등의 이유로 노선의 본선부에서 시추가 불가능한 구간이 발생하고, 각종 물리탐사 자료만으로는 정량적인 암반등급 산정이 어렵다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위하여 본선에서 이격된 물리탐사 자료 및 시추데이터를 최대한 활용해 지구통계학 기법의 하나인 2차원 다분적 지시크리깅을 확장한 3차원 다분적 지시크리깅 (3D multiple indicator kriging, 3D-MI kriging)기법을 제안하였다. 또한 제안된 3차원 다분적 지시크리깅기법을 경부고속철도 제 ${\bigcirc}-{\bigcirc}$공구 터널설계 시 RMR분류에 의한 암반등급 산정을 위해 적용하였다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2009

The study show that things about the noise control are indicated at The Noise & Vibration Control Act and the other Act. Also, the details program and total government ministries' program for the noise control are indicated what are the advance noise control plan. The study consist of the four part which are "Draw up the environmental noise infrastructure plan; the install shall be done the noisemap & the automatic noise measurement devices", "Resetting of environmental noise standard at the application area and Introduce of indoor noise; the guide for region classification of the noise standard & indoor noise", "Setting of aircraft noise standard and Program of measurement point operation; the noise-assessment-standard shall change from WECPN to new index($L_{den}$, $L_{dn}$, $L_{Aeq\;24h}$) & the operation and control of aircraft noise measurement changes from local environmental office to central control center" and "The method of noise regulation at construction site and the plan on making of standard for vibration regulation; It shall be made that the guideline of construction noise should include a target-construction, noise standard etc & the ministries shall unify control about construction vibration of the blasting vibration". The advance noise-policy will improve efficiency to deal with civil appeal & damage on residents about noise.