• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.101-108
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• 2007

Objectives : To compare the anti-oxidant effects of Ligusticum chuanxiang and Cnidium officinale extracts and their mixture with Angelica gigas, we investigated the anti-oxidative activities using rat liver tissues. Methods : We investigated the anti-oxidative activities by analysis of lipid peroxidation, xanthine oxidase activity, aldehyde oxidase activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, superoxide dismutase activity and catalase activity in rat liver tissues. Results : Both Ligusticum chuanxing and Cnidium offieinale inhibited the lipid peroxidation compared to the control, there is no significant differences between two groups. Cnidium officinale showed strong inhibitory effects on xanthine oxidase and aldehyde oxidase activities compared with that of Ligusticum chuanxing. Ligusticum chuanxing and Cnidium officinale were scavenged the hydroxy radicals, and increased SOD and catalase activities. These results suggested that Ligusticum chuanxing and Cnidium officinale were showed antioxidant activity, especially Cnidium officinale showed higher activity than Ligusticum chuanxing. Conclusions: These results suggest that Ligusticum chuanxing could be replaced by Cmdium afficinale in clinical trial.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.54-61
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• 1998

Chemical components of domestic Ligusticum chuanxiong HORT and Cnidium officinale MAKINO were analyzed. Proximate analysis of each species showed crude protein 18.5% and 11.1%, crude lipid 5.9% and 6.2%, crude fiber 6.4% and 6.5%, crude ash 5.4% and 6.0%, and carbohydrate 63.7% and 70.2%, respectively. Contents of potassium which was found to be the most abundant mineral in both species were 1.8% and 3.0%, and those of sucrose were 0.4% and 0.3% respectively while neither fructose nor glucose were detected in each species. Major fatty acids in Ligusticum chuanxiong HORT and Cnidium officinale MAKINO were linoleic acid (60.7% and 61.2%), oleic acid (19.9% and 21.3%), palmitic acid (11.4% and 11.3%)(respectively) but there was no significant difference between two species. Glutamic acid was revealed as the most abandant amino acid in both species with 2.5% in Ligusticum chuanxiong HORT and 1.6% in Cnidium officinale MAKINO. Ligusticum chuanxiong HORT and Cnidium officinale MAKINO also were shown to be contained 0.0009% and 0.0005% vitamin $B_1$, and 0.6% and 0.7% tannin, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2019

Background: Cnidium officinale Makino and Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. are important medicinal crops in Korea. However, there is insufficient information on the identification of thrips, which attack these plants. Until now, one species of thrips has been recorded as a main pest. Methods and Results: To identify the thrips emerging in C. officinale Makino and L. chuanxiong Hort., these plants were independently cultivated in two local areas. Thirty individuals of each plant species were selected randomly and surveyed for the presence of thrips. After confirming the existence of thrips, 100 thrips individuals were collected from each crop using the beating method. To identify thrips species, we performed PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)-based analysis using ITS2 primer sets. Six thrips species were identified: western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis), flower thrips (F. intonsa), onion thrips (Thrips tabaci), chrysanthemum thrips (T. nigropilosus), chilli thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis), and grass thrips (Anaphothrips obscurus). The proportion of these species differed between the host plant species. Conclusions: Six thrips species were major pests of two medicinal crops. Integrated pest management is required to control these thrips species, and will enhance the yield and quality of C. officinale and L. chuanxiong.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.95-101
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• 2005

Objectives : In order to distinguish Cnidii Rhizoma and Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (cultivated in Korea and China), their external and internal states were observed via microscopic examination. Methods : The slice of the tested material made by paraffin section technique was colored with Safranine Malachite Green contrast methods, and then observed and photographed by olymphus-BHT. Results : Cnidii Rhizoma, Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (from Korea), and Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (from China) all demonstrated similar patterns as following : 1. external form 1) showing irregular nodular form with $2{\sim}7cm$ diameter. 2) having several trochites in parallel, and nodulose root trace on surface. 3) in addition to yellow-white or yellow-gray intersections, yellow-brown oil sacs were distributed, with cambium resembling a form of annulus. 2. internal form 1) its root and rhizome is composed of 10 layers of cork, with narrow cortical layers. 2) its phloem is wide, and oval light yellow-brown oil sacs are distributed around. The closer to the cambium, the smaller it is. 3) cambium is a form of a wave-like ring or an irregular polygon. 4) xylem and vessel are rare, most of which are arranged in a 'V' format, and sometimes xylem fiber is found. 5) pith is composed of parenchymatous cell, and parenchyma is full of starch grains. Conclusions : In conclusion, C officinale, L. chuanxiong (from Korea), and L. chuanxiong (from China) have rhizomes in a similar form with no special difference. Therefore, it is concluded that C. officinale, L. chuanxiong (from Korea), and L. chuanxiong (from China) are categorized into the same species.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2001

We performed this study to determine the effect of Baizhu (Atractylodes japonica), Chuanxiong (Cnidium officinale), Shanyao (Discorea japonica) and Shengma (Cimicifuga heracleifolia), as Oriental rhizomata herbs, on jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells of mice irradiated with high and low dose of ${\gamma}$-radiation. Shengma was effective in intestinal crypt survival(p<0.05). The frequency of radiation induced apoptosis was also reduced by pretreatment with Chuanxiong and Shengma(p<0.05). Although the mechanisms of this effort remain to be elucidated, these results indicated that Shengma might be a useful radioprotector, especially since it is a relatively nontoxic natural product.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.209-215
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• 2000

This study was conducted to improve the productivety of Ligusticum chuanxiong HORT. and Cnidium officinale MAKINO by establishing the effects of cultivating conditions. Growth characteristics of underground part of L. chuanxiong under the different mulching treatment showed the highest growth and yield in black vinyl mulching treatment. The highest dry weight of underground parts per plant in mulching treatment was 47.9g at white shading treatment while the lowest one was 16.5g at black shading treatment. Growth characteristics of underground parts C. officinale under the different mulching treatment were the higher in black vinyl mulching rather than in rice straw mulching and white vinyl mulching. Dry weight of underground parts per plant of C. officinale under the different shading treatments was the highest(37.8g) under the white shading while it was lowest(12. 2g) under the black shading.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.405.2-405.2
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• 2002

A near infrared (NIR) method was developed to analyze specious diversity for morphologically similar umbelliferous herbal medicine. Cnidium officinale Makino. This herbal medicine has been widely used as 'chungung' without any discrimination of its quality and original plants. though it has the ambiguous origins of plants between various countries especially Korea. China and Japan. It is named by Cnidium officinale Makino in Korea and Japan. in comparison with Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. in China. (omitted)

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.128-136
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• 2016

Tiny leaf fragments were found in the Annals of the Joseon Dynasty, which were compiled about 500 years ago. The records describing the detailed process of compiling the Annals indicate that silk bags packed with the powders of 'Cheongung' and 'Changpo', which have been used as traditional herbal medicines in the northeast Asian countries such as China and Japan as well as Korea, were put in the wooden storage boxes together with the volumes of the Annals. However, there is no record that parts of plants were used in the process of compiling the Annals. The botanical origin of leaf fragments was identified as Ligusticum sinense 'Chuanxiong' by the analysis of trnK of chloroplast DNA as well as the examination of leaf surface with SEM. The comparative analysis of trnK sequences showed that the chloroplast DNA haplotype of 'Tocheongung', a triploid species cultivated in Korea, was identical with Cnidium officinale, but different from L. sinense 'Chuanxiong'. The molecular results provide a new suggestion on the botanical origin of crude drugs used as 'Cheongung', which has been disputed in Korea.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.367.2-367.2
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• 2002

Cnidium Rhizome is a frequently prescribed herbal medicine in Korea, Japan as well as China, which has been successfully used in these countries for the treatment of diseases related to. gynecology, blood circulations and dental troublers in the name of 천궁. And it is circulated as the same chinese character, which is 천궁, although original plants are different as Cnidium officinale in pharmacopoeia of Korea or Japan and Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. In that of China. (omitted)

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.201-208
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• 2000

This study was conducted to improve the productivety of Ligusticum chuanxiong HORT. and Cnidium officinale MAKINO by establishing the effects of cultivating conditions. The highest weight of rhizome and root per plant was 36.5g at $50{\times}25cm$ planting density. Fresh weight of underground parts per plant increased as weight of rhizome increased and it was the highest (67g) at $50{\times}25cm$ while the lowest one(59g) was at $50{\times}15cm$. Fresh weight of underground parts per plant of C. officinale increased as weight of rhizome increased. It was significantly different (53-67g) among the treatments of planting density.