• Title/Summary/Keyword: Chronic Obstructive

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Study Design and Outcomes of Korean Obstructive Lung Disease (KOLD) Cohort Study

  • Park, Tai Sun;Lee, Jae Seung;Seo, Joon Beom;Hong, Yoonki;Yoo, Jung-Wan;Kang, Byung Ju;Lee, Sei Won;Oh, Yeon-Mok;Lee, Sang-Do
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.76 no.4
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    • pp.169-174
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    • 2014
  • Background: The Korean Obstructive Lung Disease (KOLD) Cohort Study is a prospective longitudinal study of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, or other unclassified obstructive lung diseases. It was designed to develop new classification models and biomarkers that predict clinically relevant outcomes for patients with obstructive lung diseases. Methods: Patients over 18 years old who have chronic respiratory symptoms and airflow limitations or bronchial hyper-responsiveness were enrolled at 17 centers in South Korea. After a baseline visit, the subjects were followed up every 3 months for various assessments. Results: From June 2005 to October 2013, a total of 477 subjects (433 [91%] males; 381 [80%] diagnosed with COPD) were enrolled. Analyses of the KOLD Cohort Study identified distinct phenotypes in patients with COPD, and predictors of therapeutic responses and exacerbations as well as the factors related to pulmonary hypertension in COPD. In addition, several genotypes were associated with radiological phenotypes and therapeutic responses among Korean COPD patients. Conclusion: The KOLD Cohort Study is one of the leading long-term prospective longitudinal studies investigating heterogeneity of the COPD and is expected to provide new insights for pathogenesis and the long-term progression of COPD.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Respiratory Review of 2014

  • Lee, Young-Min
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.77 no.4
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    • pp.155-160
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    • 2014
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by a diverse array of pulmonary and nonpulmonary manifestations, but our understanding of COPD pathogenesis and the factors that influence its heterogeneity in disease presentation is poor. Despite this heterogeneity, treatment algorithms are primarily driven by a single measurement, forced expiratory volume in 1 second ($FEV_1$) as a percentage of its predicted value ($FEV_1%$). In 2011, a major shift in Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) treatment recommendations was proposed that stratifies patients with COPD on the basis of symptoms and exacerbation history. This article reviews the work reported in 2013 that enlightens our understanding of COPD with respect to COPD classification systems, phenotype, biomarker, exacerbation, and management for patients with COPD.

Structural Equation Modeling on Successful Aging in Elders with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Based on Selection-Optimization-Compensation Strategy (선택·적정화·보완(SOC) 이론에 근거한 만성폐쇄성폐질환을 가진 노인의 성공적 노화 구조모형)

  • Jang, Young Mi;Song, Rhayun
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.47 no.4
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    • pp.488-498
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    • 2017
  • Purpose: The focus of the study was on the selection-optimization-compensation (SOC) strategy to predict successful aging mediated by dyspnea symptoms in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The model was constructed based on the hypotheses that coping strategy and social support of the elders predict successful aging through the SOC strategies. Methods: Participants were 218 outpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease recruited for the study. Data collection was done from March 25 to September 11, 2015, and analyzed using SPSSWIN 22.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results: The hypothetical model appeared to be fit to the data. Seven of eight hypotheses selected for hypothetical model were statistically significant. The SOC strategy has only significant indirect effects through dyspnea symptoms on successful aging. Coping strategy, social support, SOC strategies and dyspnea symptoms explained 62% of variance in successful aging. Conclusion: The SOC strategies with social support and dyspnea symptoms significantly explained successful aging among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Nursing strategies should be focused on social support and coping strategies to optimize SOC strategies so that older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are able to manage dyspnea symptoms and eventually achieve successful aging.

Sialography and Intraductal Irrigation, focused on obstructive sialadenitis (타액선조영술과 타액선도관세정술: 폐쇄성 타액선 질환을 중심으로)

  • Kim, Jo-Eun
    • The Journal of the Korean dental association
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    • v.57 no.11
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    • pp.708-713
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    • 2019
  • Chronic obstructive inflammatory disease of salivary glands is the most frequent disease of the salivary glands and is characterized by recurrent swelling and pain caused by pressure. Sialography is recommended for the diagnosis of obstructive sialadenitis to observe changes in duct morphology, such as stricture and dilatation. Intraductal irrigation using normal saline is a simple treatment for patients with chronic obstructive inflammatory disease by removing the microlith and mucous plugs in the duct. It can be used as a conservative treatment option for resolving the obstructive symptoms.

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An Explanatory Model on Functional Capacity in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (만성 폐쇄성 폐질환 환자의 기능적 용량 설명모형)

  • Bang, So-Youn
    • Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.652-663
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    • 2008
  • Purpose: This study was conducted to develop and test an explanatory model on functional capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using path analysis. Methods: Data were collected from 149 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients using 6-minute walk test, measurement of oxygen saturation, pulmonary function test, and self-reported questionnaires from June to October, 2005. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 12.0 program and AMOS/WIN 4.0 program. Results: The overall fitness indices of modified model were good($x^2$ = 14.324, p = .281 GFI = .981, RMSEA = .006, AGFI = .944, NFI = .927, NNFI = .999, CFI = .999, PNFI = .613, $x^2$/df = 1.194). Functional capacity was influenced directly by age(${\beta}$ = -.304, p = .000), dyspnea(${\beta}$ = -.278, p = .000), self-efficacy(${\beta}$ = .240, p = .000), social support(${\beta}$ = .175, p = .004), pulmonary function(${\beta}$ = .169, p = .008), and oxygen saturation(${\beta}$ = .099, p = .048). These variables explained 39.3% in functional capacity. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that comprehensive nursing interventions should focus on decreasing dyspnea and increasing self-efficacy, social support, and oxygen saturation. In this perspective, pulmonary rehabilitation would be an effective strategy for improving functional capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

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Development and Evaluation of Motivational Interviewing Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program Based on Self-Determination Theory for Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (자기결정성 이론 기반 만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자를 위한 동기면담 호흡재활 프로그램의 개발 및 평가)

  • Jang, Jun Hee;Min, Hye Sook
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.53 no.2
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    • pp.191-207
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    • 2023
  • Purpose: This study aimed to develop a motivational interviewing pulmonary rehabilitation program based on self-determination theory to maintain pulmonary rehabilitation-related health behaviors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The program was developed by reviewing the literature on pulmonary rehabilitation guidelines, drawing on the self-determinism theory to establish its contents, recruiting experts to test its validity, and conducting a preliminary survey. Methods: A quasi-experimental design was used to confirm the effect of the program. The participants were outpatients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at three general hospitals in Busan. There were 33 subjects: 15 in the experimental group and 18 in the control group. The experimental group performed a motivational interviewing pulmonary rehabilitation program which comprised 11 sessions delivered over 10 weeks. The outcomes were measured using basic psychological needs, dyspnea, 6-minute walking distance, and functional status. Intervention effects were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA. Results: The analysis revealed significant differences between the experimental and control groups in competence among the subdomains of basic psychological needs, dyspnea during exercise, and functional status. Conclusion: The developed program affects physical conditions and can be applied as an effective clinical nursing intervention to continuously improve the pulmonary rehabilitation behavior of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Respiratory Review of 2013

  • Kim, Yu-Il
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.76 no.2
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    • pp.53-58
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    • 2014
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common airway disease that has considerable impact on disease burdens and mortality rates. A large number of articles on COPD are published within the last few years. Many aspects on COPD ranging from risk factors to management have continued to be fertile fields of investigation. This review summarizes 6 clinical articles with regards to the risk factors, phenotype, assessment, exacerbation, management and prognosis of patients with COPD which were being published last year in major medical journals.

Influencing Factors on Fatigue in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (만성폐쇄성폐질환자의 피로 영향요인)

  • Bang, So-Youn
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.37 no.6
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    • pp.855-862
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    • 2007
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing fatigue in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods: A descriptive correlational study design was used. A convenience sample of 125 subjects was recruited from the outpatient respiratory clinic at a large university hospital. Data was collected from June to October, 2005 using structured questionnaires, an oxygen saturation test, a 6-minute walking test, and a pulmonary function test. Results: Subjects had a slightly low degree of fatigue. The fatigue showed a significant correlation with emotion(r=.589, p= .000), dyspnea(r=.304, p= .001), self-efficacy(r=-.278, p= .002), and symptom experience(r=.238, p= .008). Emotion(34.7%) and dyspnea(5.8%) were significant predictors to explain fatigue. Conclusion: This study provides comprehensive understanding of the influencing factors on fatigue in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Nursing interventions to decrease negative emotion and dyspnea for management of fatigue is suggested.

Build the nomogram by risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (만성 폐쇄성 폐질환의 위험요인 선별을 통한 노모그램 구축)

  • Seo, Ju-Hyun;Oh, Dong-Yep;Park, Yong-Soo;Lee, Jea-Young
    • The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.591-602
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    • 2017
  • The concentration of fine dust has increased in Korea and people have become more concerned with respiratory diseases. This study selected risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) through demographic and clinical features and constructed a nomogram. First, logistic regression analysis was performed using demographic and clinical feature and the pulmonary function test results of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) $6^{th}$ (2013-2015) and the nomogram was constructed to visualize the risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in order to facilitate the interpretation of the analysis results. The ROC curve and calibration plot were also used to verify the nomogram of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Role of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) in Smoking-Induced Lung Inflammation and Emphysema

  • Lee, Jae Seung;Park, Sun Joo;Cho, You Sook;Huh, Jin Won;Oh, Yeon-Mok;Lee, Sang-Do
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.78 no.1
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    • pp.8-17
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    • 2015
  • Background: AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) not only functions as an intracellular energy sensor and regulator, but is also a general sensor of oxidative stress. Furthermore, there is recent evidence that it participates in limiting acute inflammatory reactions, apoptosis and cellular senescence. Thus, it may oppose the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods: To investigate the role of AMPK in cigarette smoke-induced lung inflammation and emphysema we first compared cigarette smoking and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]-induced lung inflammation and emphysema in $AMPK{\alpha}1$-deficient ($AMPK{\alpha}1$-HT) mice and wild-type mice of the same genetic background. We then investigated the role of AMPK in the induction of interleukin-8 (IL-8) by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) in A549 cells. Results: Cigarette smoking and poly(I:C)-induced lung inflammation and emphysema were elevated in $AMPK{\alpha}1$-HT compared to wild-type mice. CSE increased AMPK activation in a CSE concentration- and time-dependent manner. 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-${\beta}$-4-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an AMPK activator, decreased CSE-induced IL-8 production while Compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, increased it, as did pretreatment with an $AMPK{\alpha}1$-specific small interfering RNA. Conclusion: $AMPK{\alpha}1$-deficient mice have increased susceptibility to lung inflammation and emphysema when exposed to cigarette smoke, and AMPK appears to reduce lung inflammation and emphysema by lowering IL-8 production.