• 한국동물학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.179-186
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• 1976

DNA 回復合成과 染色體交換과의 聯關性을 추구하기 위해 알킬화제 突然變異誘發原인 MMC, MNNG, MMS를 培養한 사람의 淋巴球와 HeLa $S_3$ 細胞에 處理하여 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 1. 이들 알킬화제에 의해 誘發된 DNA 回復合成은 MMC, MNNG, MMS의 濃度가 각각 $3 \\times 10^-7, 1 \\times 10^-6, 5 \\times 10^-4 M$에서 檢出되었다. 이는 MMC가 가장 强力한 DNA 回復合成 誘發原이며 다음이 MNNG 그 다음이 MMS임을 뜻한다. MMC와 MNNG는 濃度增加에 따른 DNA 回復合成에 큰 차이를 보이지 않으나 MMS는 현저한 增加를 보인다. 2. MMC에 의한 染色體異常은 濃度가 增加함에 따라 그 率에 현저한 增加를 보이나 染色體交換率에는 별차이가 없다. 그러나 MNNG는 染色體異常率에 차가 없고 染色體交換은 觀察되지 않았다. MMS는 染色體異常 및 染色體交換 모두 濃度의 增加에 따른 그 率의 增加를 나타낸다. 이러한 結果는 突然變異誘發原에 의한 DNA 回復合成이 染色體交換 및 染色體異常과 직접적인 연관성이 없음을 시사하는 것이다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.467-474
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• 1999

Objectives: Cytogenetic investigations were carried out on 770 women with primary (n=560) and secondary amenorrhea (n=210) to determine the frequency of chromosomal or genetic causes of amenorrhea. Materials and Methods: In 770 women with primary amenorrhea (n=560) and secondary amenorrhea (n=210), chromosomal analysis were performed. Results: 1) The most prevalent age group is 16-20 years of age group with primary amenorrhea and 26-30 years of age group with secondary amenorrhea. 2) Out of 560 cases of primary amenorrhea, 343 cases (61.3%) had the normal chromosome constitution and 217 cases (38.7%) had the abnormal chromosome constitution including 46,XY. 3) In 217 cases of abnormal chromosome of primary amenorrhea, 57 cases (26.3%) had 45,X and 34 cases (15.8%) had the 46,XY, 24 cases (11.0%) had 45,X/46,X,i (Xq), 23 cases (10.6%) had 45,X/46,X,+mar and 14 cases (6.6%) had 45,X/46,XY. 4) Out of 210 cases of secondary amenorrhea, 181 cases (86.2%) had the normal chromosome constitution and 29 cases (13.8%) had the abnormal chromosome. 5) In 29 cases of abnormal chromosome of secondary amenorrhea, 7 cases (24.1%) had 45,X/46, X,i (Xq), 4 cases (13.8%) had 45,X/46,XX. Conclusion: High percentage of chromosomal abnormalities was diagnosed in primary amenorrhea and most of them were sex chromosome anomalies. In secondary amenorrhea, the prevalence was lower than primary amenorrhea, so a preselection of patients with secondary amenorrhea for cytogenetic investigations seems to be necessary.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.221-221
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• 2022

Chromosome breakage occurred by DNA methylation inhibitor. Zebularine is known as DNA methylation inhibitor and suitable for water solubility among different DNA methylation inhibitors as 5-Azacytidine and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. We used zebularine as mutagen according to different methods by roots absorption and seed imbibition. After zebularine treatment, DNA methylation inhibitor, we observed mitotic chromosome behavior what is different according to two different treatment methods. First, seed imbibition treatment in 1,000 μM of zebularine solution for 72 hours in dark conditions. The second treatment to seedlings of Keumkang was also treated in 1,000 μM of zebularine solution for 72 hours after germination. Root and shoot showed different elongations in each treatment. Root absorption treatment(3.01±0.48, 2.00±0.26) showed the shortest elongation in root and shoot than control(8.16±0.61, 4.03±0.48) and seed imbibition treatment(4.33±0.80, 2.48±0.36). It can be explained root tip meristematic cell activity was damaged by DNA methylation inhibitor. Primary root tips were collected in DW for 24 hours at low temperature(0℃) and fixed in fixation solution for 3 days to chromosome observation in mitosis. Mitotic index, chromosome structure and chromosome aberration were observed by phase-contrast microscope. Mitotic index of the control(0.29) showed twice mitotic cells as the treated groups(imbibition 0.15, absorption 0.14). Observation of chromosomes showed some short chromosomes and loosen chromosomes affected by zebularine. It is considered because of zebularine damage DNA in mitosis. We observed "gap by chromosome breakage" in chromosomes that have loose parts between centromere and telomere. It seems demethylation of zebularine occurs chromosome breakage.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.95-100
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• 1972

回復複製(unscheduled DNA synthesis or repair replication)와 染色體交換 및 分裂活動과의 相關關係를 추구하기 위해 X-線을 處理한 4種의 哺乳動物 細胞를 材料로 回復複製 時期와 線量反應을 調査하였다. 回復複製는 調査한 4種의 細胞에서 모두 일어나고 그 率은 照射線量에 比例하며 細胞 種類에 따라 差가 난다. 그러나 回復複製가 일어나는 時期는 細胞 種類에 관계없이 X-線 照射후 2時間까지 지속되고 있다. 또 回復複製의 相對量은 細胞의 種族染色體數, 分裂活動 및 染色體交換率과 직접적인 관련이 없다. 分裂活動能力과 染色體交換은 다 線量에 比例하나 그 率은 逆比例 관계를 나타낸다.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 1970

초파리의 성 염색체의 구성 여하에 따라 그 제 3염색체의 분리가 달라지는가를 조사하기 위하여 성 염색체의 구성이 다른 8가지 인자형을 만들고 제 3염색체 marker로서 e와 se를 이용하여 se의 분리를 k값으로 검토하고 아울러 성비를 조사 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. se의 분리 즉 k 값은 인자형간에 그리고 성간에 매우 유의적인 차를 보였으며 인자형과 성과의 상호작용도 유의적 차이를 보여 주었다. 이것은 분명히 se 제3염색체의 분리가 성 염색체의 구서에 영향을 받은 것을 말해 준다. 2. k(여) 값이나 k(남)값은 다 같이 인자형간에 유의적 차이를 볼 수 없다. 3. se자손의 성비는 인자형간에 매우 유의적 차이를 보였으나 e자손에서는 뚜렷한 차이를 볼수 없었다. 4. 평균적으로 k(남) 값은 k(여)값보다 높고, se자손의 성비는 e자손의 성비보다 높았다. 5. 이러한 결과는 어떤 종류의 prezygotic selection이 작용하는 것으로 해석할수 있는데, 즉 e 제3염색체와 Y염색체의 조합이 수정전에 감수되는 것으로 생각할 수 있다. 이러한 문제는 종래 초파리 등에서 실시했던 생존력 추정을 재 평가할 필요성을 말해주는 것이다.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.215-222
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• 2011

Various aneuploidy and polyploidy have been reported in the genus Aconitum L. (ca. 300 species worldwide, Ranunculaceae), and there is a demonstrated association between major lineage diversification and polyploidy. This study reports chromosome counts of eight Aconitum from Korea, including the first counts for A. japonicum Thunb. subsp. napiforme ($H. L{\acute{e}}v.$ & Vaniot) Kadota (2n = 32) and A. longecassidatum Nakai (2n = 16). The study also includes chromosome numbers for two taxa on the Critically Endangered species list in Korea. Among Korean native species, chromosome numbers in Aconitum subgenus Aconitum range from 2n = 16 to 2n = 64 with diverse levels of polyploidy (2x, 4x, and 8x), whereas Aconitum subg. Lycoctonum exhibits only diploids (2n = 16). Greater chromosome number diversity in subg. Aconitum than subg. Lycoctonum might explain higher species diversity within the former subgenus (more than 250 species worldwide). Investigating chromosome number diversity of Aconitum in a phylogenetic framework will be a critical step to understand species richness of the genus.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.263-270
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• 2006

The Chinese Hamster Ovarian cells CHO-K1 are one of the most extensively used cells for the evaluation of gene expression and toxicology. However, these cells are frequently used for biomedical research without consideration of their cytogenetic characteristics. Therefore, we carried out to investigate the karyologic profiles, the frequency and type of chromosome aberration, and the distribution of telomeric DNA on chromosomes of the CHO-K1 cells. The GTG banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization on CHO-K1 cells were performed to characterize the karyotype and the distribution of telomeric DNA The present study revealed that the chromosome modal number of CHO-K1 cells was 2n=20; eight chromosomes appeared to be identical with those of the normal Chinese hamster, whereas the remaining 12 chromosomes were shown to be translocated, deleted, inversed, or rearranged from Chinese hamster chromosomes. The telomeric DNA on CHO-K1 chromosomes was intensively distributed at the centromeres rather than the ends of chromosomes. In addition, three chromosomes had interstitial telomeres and one marker chromosome entirely consisted of telomeric DNAs. The frequency and type of chromosome aberrations in CHO-K1 cells were examined. Of the 822 metaphase spreads, 68 (8.3%) cells resulted in chromosome aberrations of which the chromosome breakage was the most frequently occurred.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.167-172
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• 1986

본 연구는 단관백백레그혼순계 염색체의 형태적 특징과 크기를 명확히 구명하기 위하여 중심입지수, 등 완비 및 상대적 길이를 측정하여 이용하고 이들의 염색체 수를 밝혔다. 시험재료로서는 서울대학교 부속목장에서 사육중인 단관백색레그혼순계 암컷 20수와 수컷 5수를 공시하고 이들을 수정시켜 50개의 수정란에 대하여 염색체 분석을 하였다. 분석방법으로서는 중기상의 포착을 위하여 colchicine을 이용하고, hypotonic, fixation, air-drying 처리를 하여 나타난 초기 metaphase상으로서 핵형분석하였다. 시험 결과 분석된 각 염색체의 형태적 특징은 다음과 같다. 1. 1,2심 염색체 : meta 및 submetacentric으로서 이들 둘 간에는 크기에 따라 명확히 구분된다. 2. 3,4심 염색체 : 길이는 서로 비슷하나, 4심 염색체에서는 짧은 단완이 나타나고, 3심은 acrocentric 형태이다. 3. 5심 염색체 : 성염색체(Z)로서 metacentric 형태이다. W 염색체 역시 metacentric 이지만 7-8심 염색체 크기 정도이다. 4. 6심 염색체 : 3심과 같이 acro 형체이나 3심 염색체 크기의 반정도이다. 5. 7,8심 염색체 : 6심 크기의 반정도로서 길이는 서로 비슷하나 7심은 짧은 단완을 가지고, 8심은 acrocentric 염색체이다. 6. 9심 염색체 : 7심과 8심의 크기와 비슷하나 metacentric 양상이다. 7. 나머지 30쌍의 소형염색체 : 점의 형태로서 대부분 acrocentric 형태이다. 이 밖에도 염색체의 수에 있어서 관찰된 sample의 58%가 78개로 나타났고, 나머지는 72-77개로 나타남에 따라 이의 염색체 수는 최소 78개로 사료된다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.279-279
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• 2022

Rice is 34% of the world's population used as a staple food. But the world population is increasing. Food security is not well protected. Improving cultivar development can address food security. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping is a statistical analysis using both phenotypic and genotypic dates. The purpose of QTL mapping is to determine a gene. Increasing grain size is a way to increase yield in rice. Grain size-related genes were mapped using CNDH population obtained by cross-breeding Cheongcheong (Indica) and Nagdong (Japonica) through anther culture. Grain harvested from experimental field of Kyungpook National University in Gunwi in 2021. Genes related to grain length were detected between RM5964-RM12285, RM20924-RM20967 in chromosome 1, 7. LOD score is 5.88 and 5.6. Genes related to grain width was detected between RM289-RM18130 in chromosome 5. LOD score is 4.57. Genes related to grain length/width ratio were detected between RM5459-RM3482, RM5699-RM1211 and RM3838-RM3381 in chromosome 1, 2, 5. LOD score is 3.75, 3.14 and 3.41. 4 genes was detected in chromosome 1 and 2 genes was detected in chromosome 2 and 7 genes was detected in chromosome 5. 2 genes related to grain shape and quality were detected. 4 genes related to grain length were detected. 4 genes related to grain size were detected. 1 gene related to grain size and weight was detected. 2 genes related to grain length and weight were detected. By finding the gene related to grain size, it provides food to people threatened by food security and solves the food shortage.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.238-241
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• 2011

A 35-year-old man with infertility was referred for chromosomal analysis. In routine cytogenetic analysis, the patient was seen to have additional material of unknown origin on the terminal region of the short arm of chromosome 4. To determine the origin of the unknown material, we carried out high-resolution banding, comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), and FISH. CGH showed a gain of signal on the region of $4q32{\rightarrow}q35$. FISH using whole chromosome painting and subtelomeric region probes for chromosome 4 confirmed the aberrant chromosome as an intrachromosomal insertion duplication of $4q32{\rightarrow}q35$. Duplication often leads to some phenotypic abnormalities; however, our patient showed an almost normal phenotype except for congenital dysfunction in spermatogenesis.