• Title/Summary/Keyword: Chromosomal aberration

Search Result 164, Processing Time 0.028 seconds

Chromosomal Variation among Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal), Biotypes in Korea (한국산 벼멸구 생태형의 염색체 변이)

  • ;R.C. Saxena;A.A. Barrion
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
    • /
    • v.31 no.4
    • /
    • pp.366-370
    • /
    • 1992
  • Salient chromosomal variations during the first meiotic division in primary spermatocyLes of the three brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) , biotypes were observed. The meiotic index was highest in biotype 3 (58.6), followed by biotype 1 (39.4) and biotype 2 (23.6). Total chromosomal aberration including agmatoploidy, aneuploidy, loose pairings of sex chromosomes, and cytoplasmic shrinkage was found high in the order of biotype 1 (60.6%),2 (47.9 %), and 3 (38.1 %). However, percent agmatoploidy was highest in biotype 2 (19.6%) whereas in biotypes 3 and 1, it was 9.5% and 2.5%, respectively. The number of cells with isolated sex chrosomomes was observed highest in biotype 2.

  • PDF

Effects of gamma-irradiation on the infectivity and chromosome aberration of Clonorchis sinensis

  • Park, Gab-Man;Yong, Tai-Soon
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
    • /
    • v.41 no.1
    • /
    • pp.41-45
    • /
    • 2003
  • Effects of gamma irradiation on the worm survival and chromosomal aberration of Clonorchis sinensis were studied. The metacercariae irradiated with various amounts of gamma radiation (ranging from 5 Gy to 50 Gy) were fed to rats, and the effects were compared with those of non-irradiated controls. Recovery rates of adult worms in irradiated groups were reduced gradually as increasing of the irradiation doses. No worm was recovered from rats which were fed with 50 Gy irradiated metacercariae. The chromosome number was 2n = 56 in all worms from all experimental groups. However, the groups irradiated with 20 Gy, 25 Gy or 30 Gy showed variations in the chromosome number, depending on different cells in the same individual. Radiation doses used in this study did not appear to induce chromosome aberrations, however, irradiation with 30 Gy showed slightly reduced chromosome size.

Studies on the Genetic Toxicity of NP-77A

  • Kim, Jai-Hyun;Cho, In-Koo;Park, Kun-Hyuck;Ha, Kwang-Won
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
    • /
    • 1995.04a
    • /
    • pp.123-123
    • /
    • 1995
  • To evaluate the genetic toxicity of NP-77A which is selected as the candidate of anti-HBV agent, we performed ames test, micronucleus test, and chromosome aberration test on the CHL cell in vitro. The Ames test was carried out with 5 fold diluted 5 concentrations from 25mg/plate using S. typhimurium and E.coli. After 48hrs incubation, revertant colony numbers was calculated with and without metabolic activation system. In vivo micronucleus test, we investigated the rate of the occurrence of micronucleus after I.P. administration to mice. Andalso, we observed the incidence rate of cells with chromosomal aberration by NP-77A treatment using CHL cell line.

  • PDF

Genotoxicity Studies of STB-HO-BM, a Germanium Complex (게르마늄 복합물인 STB-HO-BM에 대한 유전독성에 관한 연구)

  • Song Si-Whan;Jung Winston;Hong Dong-Ho
    • Toxicological Research
    • /
    • v.22 no.2
    • /
    • pp.145-151
    • /
    • 2006
  • We have investigated the genotoxicity of STB-HO-BM using in vitro and in vivo system such as Ames reverse mutation test, chromosomal aberration test and micronucleus test. in Ames reverse mutation test, STB-HO-BM treatment at the dose range up to 5,000 ug/plate did not induce mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA102, TA1535, TA 1537 and in Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA with and without metabolic activation. Any significant aberration wasn't observed in chinese hamster lung (CHL) fibroblast cells treated with STB-HO-BM at the concentration of 12.5, 2.5, 5 mg/ml both in the absense and presence of metabolic activation system. In mouse micrnucleus test, no significant increase in the occurrence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes was observed in ICR male mice orally administered with STB-HO-BM at the doses of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 g/kg. These results indicate that STB-HO-BM has no mutagenic potential under the condition in this study.

Mutagenicity studies of food and cosmetic dyes (1) (식용 및 외용색소의 유전독성에 관한 연구 (1))

  • 하광원;정해관;오혜영;허옥순;손수정;한의식;정성철;한순영;최선주
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
    • /
    • v.8 no.3
    • /
    • pp.171-179
    • /
    • 1993
  • The mutagenicity of 22 food and cosmetic dyes had been evaluated. Two different short-term mutagenicity tests were used: (1) Salmonella typhimurium preincubation assay (Ames test) (2) Chromosome aberration test with cultured Chinese hamster lung (CHL) fibroblast cells. Orange No. 203 was mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium with and without rat liver microsomal activation, and Red No. 204 was mutagenic in Salmonelhl typhimurium with rat liver microsomal activation. Red No. 104-1 and Red No. 215 showed slight increase of chromosomal aberration in CHL cells.

  • PDF

Mutagenicity of Typhoid Vaccine

  • Li, Guang-Xun;Kang, Byeong-Cheol;Lee, Won-Woo;Ihm, Jong-Hee;Jung, Ji-Youn;Lee, Yong-Soon
    • Toxicological Research
    • /
    • v.15 no.1
    • /
    • pp.75-78
    • /
    • 1999
  • In order to evaluate the mutagenic potential of Typhoid vaccine, 3 sets of mutagenicity tests were performed. In the reverse mutation test using Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1537, Typhoid vaccine did not increase the number of revertant at the doses of 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/plate. I n chromosome aberration analysis using CHO cells were not found chromosomal aberration in different concentrations with or without metabolic activation at the doses of 0.25 mg/ml, 0.5mg/ml, 1mg/ml. In mouse micronucleus test, no significant increase in the occurrence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes was observed in ICE male mice intramuscularly administered with Typhoid vaccine at the dosed of 0.1 mg/ml, 0.5 mg/ml, 1mg/ml. These results indicate that Typhoid vaccine gas no mutagenic potential in these in vitro and in vivo systems.

  • PDF

Genotoxicity Tests on Hyrubicin ID6105, a Novel Anthracycline Anticancer Agent (새로운 Anthracycline계 항암제 Hyrubicin ID6105에 대한 유전독성연구)

  • 장호송;정미숙;이홍섭;유정수;김태영;김윤배;강종구
    • Toxicological Research
    • /
    • v.18 no.4
    • /
    • pp.385-391
    • /
    • 2002
  • The genotoxic potential of Hyrubicin lD6105, a novel anthracycline anticancer agent, was examined on bacterial mutagenicity, mammalian cell chromosome aberration and mouse micronucleus tests. In mutagenicity (Ames') test, Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98, TA100, TA1535 and TA1537, and Escherichia coli WP2uvrA- were treated with ID6105 at doses of 312.5, 625, 1,250, 2,500 and 5,000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ plate with or without a metabolic activation system (S9 mix). Interestingly, ID6105 significantly enhanced the number of revertant colonies of TA98 strain at all dose levels used, in the presence or absence of S9 mix, without affecting other strains of S. typhimurium and E. coli. In chromosome aberration test using cultured chinese hamster lung fibroblasts, ID6105 (1.25, 2.5 and 5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) did not increase the number of aberrant cells, compared with vehicle control. in the presence or absence of S9 mix. In addition, ID6105 treatment (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg) did not induce micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in mice. Taken together, it is suggested that ID6105 might not affect chromosome integrity in mammalian system in vitro and in vivo, although it may induce frame shift mutation of specific bacterial strain such os S. typhimurium TA98.

Evaluation of the Genetic Toxicity of Synthetic Chemicals (Ⅵ) -In vitro Chromosomal Aberration Assay with 17 Chemicals in Chinese Hamster Lung Cells - (합성화학물질들의 유전독성평가(Ⅵ) -Chinese hamster lung세포를 이용한 17종 합성화학물질들의 염색체 이 상 시험 -)

  • Ryu, Jae-Chun;Kim, Kyung-Ran;Kim, Youn-Jung;Jeon, Hee-Kyung
    • Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
    • /
    • v.18 no.2
    • /
    • pp.111-120
    • /
    • 2003
  • The validation of many synthetic chemicals that may pose a genetic hazard in our environment is of great concern at present. Since these substances are not limited to the original products, and enter the environment, they have become widespread environmental pollutants, thus leading to a variety of chemicals that possibly threaten the public health. In this respect, the regulation and evaluation of the chemical hazard playa very important role to environment and human health. The clastogenicity of 17 synthetic chemicals was evaluated in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells in vitro. 2-Nitroaniline (CAS No. 88-74-4) induced chromosomal aberrations with statistical significance at the concentration of 86.3 ${\mu}$g/ml in the absence of metabolic activation system. 1-Chloroanthraquinone (CAS No. 82-44-0) which is one of the most cytotoxic chemical among 17 chemicals tested revealed no clastogenicity in the range of 0.8 ∼ 3.0 ${\mu}$g/ml both in the presence and absence of S-9 metabolic activation system. From the results of chromosomal aberration assay with 17 synthetic chemicals in Chinese hamster lung cells in vitro, 2-Nitroaniline (CAS No. 88-74-4) revealed weak positive clastogenic results in this study.

Genotoxicological Safety of High-Dose Gamma-Irradiated Cereal Powders (고선량 감마선조사 곡류 분말의 유전독성학적 안전성평가)

  • Han Sag-Myung;Kim Hye-Mi;Jeung Seung-Kyoung;Lee Ju-Woon;Byun Myung-Woo;Kang Il-Jun
    • Food Science and Preservation
    • /
    • v.13 no.4
    • /
    • pp.524-529
    • /
    • 2006
  • Gamma irradiation at 30 kGy was applied to cereal powders to evaluate their possible genotoxicity. The genotoxicity of 30 kGy-irradiated cereal powders was evaluated by Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay, chromosomal aberration test and in vivo micronucleus assay. The result were negative in the bacterial reversion assay with S. typhimurium TA98, IA100, TA1535 and TA1537. No mutagenicity was detected in the assay with and without metabolic activation. In chromosomal aberration tests with CHL cells and in vivo mouse micronucleus assay, no significant difference in the incidences of chromosomal aberration and micronuclei was observed between non-irradiated and 30 kGy-irradiated cereal powders. These result indicate that cereal powders irradiated at 30 kGy did not show any genotoxic effect under these experimental conditions.

Detection of Chromosomal Rearrangements by Chromium in Human Lymphocyte Using Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH) with Triple Combination of Composite whole Chromosome Specific Probe (FISH(fluorescence in situ hybridization)를 이용하여 분석한 크롬에 의해 유발된 염색체 이상)

  • 정해원;김수영;맹승희;이용묵;유일재
    • Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
    • /
    • v.19 no.1
    • /
    • pp.14-19
    • /
    • 1999
  • Chromosome rearrangements induced in human lymphocyte after in vitro exposure to chromium were analysed by the use of fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) with triple combination of composite whole chromosome-specific probe for chromosome 1, 2 and 4. Chromosome aberrations was scored by the Protocol for Aberration Identification and Nomenclature Terminology (PAINT). Stable translocation was the most frequent type of aberrations and dicentrics and insertions were also observed. Chromium treatment enhanced the frequencies of stable translocations and color junctions in a dose-dependent manners, but no distinct increase of dicentrics and insertions was seen. The ratio of the yields of translocation to the yields of dicentric varied between 13 to 27. The presents results demonstrate fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) is useful for detecting chromosomal rearrangements induced by chromium.