• BMB Reports
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.103-108
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• 2015

Trichomoniasis caused by the parasitic protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the world. Dendritic cells are antigen presenting cells that initiate immune responses by directing the activation and differentiation of naive T cells. In this study, we analyzed the effect of Trichomonas vaginalis-derived Secretory Products on the differentiation and function of dendritic cells. Differentiation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells in the presence of T. vaginalis-derived Secretory Products resulted in inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced maturation of dendritic cells, down-regulation of IL-12, and up-regulation of IL-10. The protein components of T. vaginalis-derived Secretory Products were shown to be responsible for altered function of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that IL-12 expression was regulated at the chromatin level in T. vaginalis-derived Secretory Products-treated dendritic cells. Our results demonstrated that T. vaginalis- derived Secretory Products modulate the maturation and cytokine production of dendritic cells leading to immune tolerance.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.44-50
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• 1996

Small cell carcinoma of the lung is characterized by cells with finely stippled chromatin and scanty cytoplasm as well as a particularly aggressive clinical course and favorable response to the chemotherapy. Recently percutaneous fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy has become both widely established and highly respected for the diagnosis of lung cancer. However metastatic small cell carcinoma of lymph node should be cytologically differentiated from the small round cell tumor of particular sites, especially malignant lymphoma, because small ceil carcinoma of classic oat cell type nay simulate small cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. We report five cases of metastatic small cell carcinoma of in-termediate cell type diagnosed by FNA of the enlarged lymph nodes of the neck and axilla. The cytologic smears contained diffuse small neoplastic cells larger than lymphocytes with dense, pyknotic nuclei and extremely scanty cytoplasm. Apparently viable large tumor cells have vesicular nuclei with granular, sometimes very coarse chromatin. The characteristic cytologic features of small cell carcinoma as compared to malignant lymphoma were as follows.: 1) small cells with dense pyknotic nuclei are evenly distributed in the background of apparently viable larger tumor cells, admixed with mature lymphocytes and phagocytic macrophages. 2) small loose aggregates of cells with nuclear melding are indicative of small cell carcinoma rather than non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 3) the cytoplasmic and nuclear fragments of tumor necrosis are more dominant in the smears of small cell carcinoma. 4) nuclear membrane and nucleoli are generally indistinct in small cell carcinoma due to condensation of chromatin.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2001년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.18-18
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• 2001

Despite of importance of integrated events of nucleus and microtubule remodeling in nuclear transferred embryos with somatic cells, little information is available on this subject. In this study we configured chromatin and microtubule organization following somatic cell nuclear transfer in pre- and non-activated bovine oocytes in order to clearify nuclear remodeling process and to demonstrate centrosome inheritance during nuclear transfer. The cumulus-oocyte complexes were collected from slaughterhouse and were matured in vitro for 20 h in TCM 199 supplemented hormone. Matured bovine oocytes were enucleated by aspirating the frist polar body and metaphase chromatin using a beveled pipette. Bovine fibroblast cells were fused into enucleated oocyte by electrical stimulation. Reconstructed oocytes were activated with ionomycine and 6-dimethylaminopurin, and then cultured in CRlaa medium. The organization of nuclear and microtubules were observed using laser-scanning confocal microscopy. At 1 hour after fusion, microtubule aster was seen near the transferred nucleus in most oocytes regardless activation condition. While most of fibroblast nuclei remodeled to premature chromosome condensation (PCC) and to the two masses of chromosome in non-activated oocytes, a few number of fibloblasts went to PCC and multiple pronuclear like structures in activated oocytes. Microtubular spindle was seen around condensed chromosome. Gamma-tubulin was detected in the vicinity of condensed chromosome, suggesting this is a transient spindle. The spindle seperated nucleus into two masses of chromatin which developed to the pronuclear like structures. Two pronuclear like structures were than apposed by microtubular aster and formed one syngamy like nuclear structure at 15 h following nuclear transfer. At 17 to 18 h after fusion, two centrosomes were seen near the nucleus, which nucleates micrtubules for two cell cleavage. While 31% of reconstructed oocytes in non-activated condition developed to morulae and blastocysts, a few reconstructed oocytes in pre-activated condition developed to the blastocyst. These results suggested introduction of foreign centrosome during nuclear transfer, which appeared to give an important role for somatic cell nuclear reprogramming.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.101-105
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• 2015

Objective: Several publications have established a relationship between sperm DNA damage and male factor infertility, based on data from America, Europe, and Asia. This study aimed to compare the extent of sperm DNA damage in sperm samples from Nigerian men with unexplained infertility and in sperm samples from a fertile group composed of sperm donors who had successfully impregnated a female partner naturally or through assisted conception. Methods: A total of 404 men underwent male fertility evaluation at Androcare Laboratories and Cryobank participated in this study. Semen analysis and a sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) were performed on all subjects. Results: The men in the unexplained infertility group were slightly older than the men in the fertile sperm group ($36{\pm}10$ years vs. $32{\pm}6$ years, p=0.051). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in semen analysis parameters ($p{\geq}0.05$). Men in the unexplained infertility group with normal semen parameters had a significantly higher DNA fragmentation index (DFI) than men in the fertile sperm group ($27.5%{\pm}7.0%$ vs. $14.1%{\pm}5.3%$, p<0.05). In the unexplained infertility group, 63% of the men had a DFI greater than 20%, compared to 4% in the fertile sperm group. In the unexplained infertility group, 15.2% of the subjects had a DFI greater than 30%, compared to 1% in the fertile sperm group. Conclusion: Our study showed that the SCSA may be a more reliable predictor of fertility potential than traditional semen analysis in cases of unexplained infertility.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.252-257
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• 2017

잉어목 모래무지아과에 속하는 한국 고유종 돌마자 Microphysogobio yaluensis 난소 내 생식세포들의 형태학적 특징을 연구하기 광학현미경을 이용하여 조사하였다. 난자형성과정 (oogenesis)은 크게 염색인기 (chromatin-nucleolus stage), 주변인기(peri-nucleolus stage), 난황형성기(vitellogenesis)의 난황포 및 난황구기와 성숙(mature stage)의 단계로 구분되었다. 염색인기에는 배포가 크게 형성되며 실모양의 염색질이 산재되어 있다. 주변인기에는 핵 내에 산성의 인들이 핵막인근에 분포하고 있었으며, 난막(egg envelope)이 형성되기 시작하였다. 이후 난황형성기의 난황포 단계에서는 세포질의 대부분이 텅빈 공포모양의 난황포로 구성되며, 발생이 진행되면서 난황구 단계에서는 난황포 사이에 eosin에 염색되는 난황과립으로 대체되었다. 성숙단계에 도달한 난세포에는 많은 난황구들이 하나의 커다란 난황괴(yolk mass)를 형성하고 있었다. 이 시기의 난세포의 난막은 세포질과 여포세포층 사이에 얇게 형성되었다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.539-543
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• 1998

Hrp1, of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, is a new member of the SW12/SNF2 protein family that contains a chromodomain and a DNA binding domain as well as ATPase/7 helicase domains. This configuration suggests that Hrp1 could be a homolog of mouse CHD1, which is thought to function in altering the chromatin structure to facilitate gene expression. To understand the enzymatic nature of Hrp1 we purified the 6-Histidine-tagged Hrp1 protein (6$\times$His-Hrp1) to homogeneity from a S. pombe Hrp1-overexpressing strain and hen examined its biochemical properties. We demonstrate that the purified 6$\times$His-Hrp1 protein exhibited a DNA-binding activity with a moderate preference to the (A＋T)-rich tract in double-stranded NA via a minor groove interaction. However, we failed to detect any intrinsic DNA helicase activity from the purified Hrp1 like other SW12/SNF2 proteins. These observations suggest that the DNA binding activities of Hrp1 may be involved in the remodeling of the chromatin structure with DNA-dependent ATPase. We propose that Hrp1 may function in heterochromatins as other proteins with a chromo- or ATPase/helicase domain and play an important role in the determination of chromatin architecture.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.89-93
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• 2003

짱둥어 정자의 미세구조 및 정자형성과정에 관한 연구를 하였다. 정소는 정자낭으로 구성되어 있으며 얇은 막으로 둘러싸여 있었다. 정자낭은 여러 발생단계의 정자들을 포함하고 있으며, 정자낭의 내강에는 다수의 정자들이 위치하고 있었다. 정소의 외막은 상피층, 콜라겐층, 근양체(myoid tissue)등으로 구성되어 있었다. 근양체는 정소 안쪽까지 연결되어서 정자낭 사이의 간질조직의 주요 구성체였다. 게 다가 핵과 다수의 미코톤드리아를 포함한 간세포(interstitial)도 관찰되었다. Synaptonemal complex가 1차 정모세포에서 확인되었다. 초기 정세포에서 과립상의 염색질로 구성된 구형의 핵이 관찰되었다. 치밀한 과립상의 염색질로 구성된 중기 정세포의 핵이 정세포의 한쪽에 자리잡고 있었고, 미코톤드리아가 다른 한쪽에 자리잡고 있었다. nuclear fossa가 후기 정세포의 미토콘드리아의 근처에서 관찰되었다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.353-360
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• 2002

Although successful pronuclear formation and apposition were seen in porcine oocytes following mouse sperm injection, little is known on the morphology of male and female pronuclei following sperm injection. The objective of this study is to describe the ultrastructure of porcine zygote following murine sperm injection in relation to the chronology of pronuclear S phase. At 40h ~ 44h following in vitro maturation, Cumulus cells were removed in TCM-HEPES with 0.1% hyaluronidase. Then, spermatozoa was injected into the cytoplasm of oocytes. After. injection, all oocytes were transferred to NCSU23 medium and cultured at 39$^{\circ}C$ under 5% $CO_2$ in air. Oocytes were fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde in Dulbeccos phosphate-buffered saline and observed by Transmission Electron Microscopy. Nuclear precursor bodies were observed in each pronucleus. A cluster of large and small granules was attached in the nucleolus precursor body. After the apposition of male and female chromatin, chromatin condensation was observed throughout the nucleoplasm and nucleolus precursor bodies and condensed chromatin in contact with clusters of small and large granules and the nuclear envelope were found in apposed pronuclear regions. These results suggest that non-species specific nuclear cytoplasmic interactions take place during pronuclear formation and apposition following sperm injection.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.219-226
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• 1998

본 연구는 토끼난자에 있어서 배란 후 경과시간에 따른 탈핵률을 조사하고 ionomycin과 DMAP을 사용하여 활성화와 아울러 자체 탈핵을 유도하는 방법을 고안하였으며 아울러 이들의 탈핵효율과 핵이식후 체외발달을 확인한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. hCG 주사후 15∼16 시간에 채란된 토끼난자는 73.4%의 탈핵률을 보였고, 16∼17시간에는 75.8%, 19∼20 시간에는 58.5%의 탈핵률을 보여 토끼난자의 탈핵은 hCG 주사후 17시간 이내에 실시함이 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 2. 제1극체와 극체주위 염색질을 제거하므로서 핵을 제거하는 기존방법에서는 70.4%의 탈핵률을 보였지만 개선된 방법을 사용할 때 96.8%의 탈핵률 보여 탈핵률이 항상되었다. 3. 개선된 탈핵방법으로 핵이식하였을 때 88.2%의 핵융합률과 33.3%의 배반포 발달률을 보여 기존의 탈핵방법과 대등한 효과가 인정되었으며 활용성이 있음을 확인하였다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.63-71
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• 1998

모샘치아과의 한국고유종인 긴몰개 (Squalidus gracilis majimae)의 정자는 구형의 두부와 짧은 중편 및 긴 편모를 가지고 있으며 그 길이는 $36.6{\mu}m$이었다. 두부에는 다른 경골어류에서와 같이 첨체를 가지고 있지 않으며 핵은 $1.9{\mu}m$의 직경을 가지고 핵막 주변부에는 전자밀도가 낮은 염색질 부위를 포함하고 있었다. 핵와는 다른 잉어류에서와 같이 핵막이 얕게 함입되어 기부중심립만을 포함하고 있어서, 메기류의 기부 및 말단부 중심립을 포함하는 긴 핵와와는 큰 차이를 보여주었다. 두 중심립은 서로 약 $140^{\circ}$의 각도로 배열되어 있었다. 미토콘드리아는 중편세포질에 3층으로 배열되어 있으나 축사를 둘러싸고 있지 않으며 축사와는 세포질관에 의해 분리되어 있었다. 정자의 꼬리에 대한 핵의 위치와 미토콘드리아의 비대칭적 배열은 잉어과 정자의 공통된 특징으로 나타나며, 미토콘드리아가 분포된 중편세포질은 다른 잉어류에서보다 훨씬 풍부하였다. 긴몰개의 정자는 현재까지 밝혀진 잉어과의 정자중에서 세포질관의 길이가 가장 길고, 미토콘드리아의 수도 가장 많이 나타났다. 편모에는 lateral fins가 관찰되지 않았다.