• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.131-153
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• 2004

Objectives : This research was performed to investigate the effect of herbal acupuncture (Atratylodes japonica Koizumi and Coix lachrymajobi var. mayeun Stapf) at Pungnyung(ST40) and Umnungchon(SP9) on weight gain, food intake, food efficiency, serum of lipid concentrations, liver function and HDL to total cholesterol ratio of rats fed high fat diet for 5weeks. Methods : Experimental groups were divided into normal group(Sham), high fat diet group(Control), high fat diet and Atractylodes japonica-herbal acupuncture in ST40 SP9 treated group (AJ), high fat diet and Coix lachrymajobi var. mayeun Stapf-herbal acupuncture in ST40 SP9 treated group(CL), high fat diet and Atractylodes japonica+Coix lachrymajobi var. mayeun Stapf-herbal acupuncture in ST40 SP9 treated group(AJ+CL). Herbal acupuncture was bilaterally treated at the level of 132.5mg/kg body weight per day. Results : Body weight and food efficiency were decreased in AJ, AJ+CL. Feed intake was decreased in AJ, CL. The level of serum HDL-cholesterol was increased in AJ, CL. The level of serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and phospholipid were not significant. The level of serum triglyceride, free fatty acid were increased in AJ. The level of serum AST was decreased in AJ, AJ+CL. The level of serum ALT was decreased in AJ, CL, AJ+CL. The level of serum ALP was decreased in AJ+CL. The HDL to Total cholesterol ratio was increased in AJ. Conclusions : Atractylodes japonica-herbal acupuncture in ST40 SP9 can control the body weight, feed intake and feed efficiency ratio, HDL-cholesterol and herbal acupuncture combined Atractylodes japonica with Coix lachrymajobi var. mayeun Stapf is effective on Body weight, feed intake, feed efficiency ratio, protection of liver function and prevention cardiovascular risk by obesity.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.144-150
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to analyze an association between milk consumption and serum lipid profiles in postmenopausal women in Korea. The dietary data by the Food Frequency Questionnaire were evaluated among 208 postmenopausal women who did not receive hormone therapy and their serum concentrations of triglyceride (TG), total, HDL-, and LDL-cholesterol, and alkaline phosphatase were analyzed. When the relationship between milk consumption and serum lipid profiles were analysed by linear regression, we found a negative relationship of milk consumption with ALP and a positive relationship with HDL-cholesterol. Animal calcium intake was significantly correlated with ALP and HDL-cholesterol. In addition, the serum level of HDL-cholesterol of the upper quartile (UQ) subjects who took animal calcium over 313 mg/day was significantly higher than the lower quartile (LQ) subjects who consumed milk below 101 mg/day when we compared the UQ and LQ subjects. The HDL-cholesterol level of the UQ subjects who consumed 235 ml of milk tended to be higher than the that of the LQ who consumed 53 ml. As for serum concentrations of TG, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol, there was no significant difference between the UQ and LQ groups of milk consumption. Based on our study, we concluded that continual consumption of approximately one cup of milk per day was associated with low cardiovascular risks with favorable lipid profiles and ALP in postmenopausal women. (Korean J Nutrition 38(2): 144～150, 2005)

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.670-677
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• 2013

In this study, the effects of the intake of Prunus sargentii R. seed oil on the lipid levels of mouse blood were compared to the effects of commercially available corn oils. Mice from the same purchase lot were separated into 3 groups [control (n=5), corn oil-treated group (n=5), and Prunus sargentii R. seed's oil-treated group (n=5)] of equal size. The oil-treated groups of mice were fed their respective supplemented diets for a total of 8 weeks. Prunus sargentii R. seed oil is high in palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid. The kidney weights of mice fed Prunus sargentii R. seed oil were higher than those fed corn oil (p<0.05). The HDL-cholesterol (high density lipoprotein cholesterol) levels in mice fed Prunus sargentii R. seed oil ($124.40{\pm}20.19$mg/dl) were higher than those of mice fed corn oil (p<0.05). The total cholesterol level was highest in mice fed Prunus sargentii R. seed oil, but the LDL-cholesterol (low density lipoprotein cholesterol) level was lowest in mice fed Prunus sargentii R. seed oil. Therefore, Prunus sargentii R. seed oil may be a good resource as a natural oil material.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.5-12
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• 2008

In order to investigate whether Eisenia bicyclis (EB) as a functional food material improves serum lipid status, supplementation of EB powder or EB extract to the high fat/cholesterol diet was tested in 6-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats for four weeks. In the first experiment, four kinds of seaweed powder -Eisenia bicyclis (EB), Undaria pinnatifida (Up), Laminaria japonica (LJ), and Ecklonia stolonifera (ES) were compared with alginic acid (ALG) as well as control. In the second experiment, EB water extract and EB ethanol extract and EB pill containing EB and LJ powder were compared with the EB powder. Amounts of dietary fiber contained in experimental diets were adjusted to provide 5% of diets. Serum total cholesterol was significantly lower only in rats fed LJ or EB powder, but HDL cholesterol was higher in rats fed UP, LJ, ES or EB powder. Ratios of HDL-/total cholesterol of all seaweed groups including ALG were significantly higher than that of the control group. Serum triglyceride was lower in LJ, EB nd ES powder groups than the control group. In comparison of EB extracts, triglyceride level was decreased in rats fed only EB water extract as compared to control rats, but HDL cholesterol was elevated with both water and ethanol extracts. Serum levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride were decreased and HDL cholesterol was increased by the EB pill. Serum levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were lower in rats fed ES powder, and EB powder, EB water extract or EB pill, as compared to the control rats. Supplementation of EB powder and EB pill reduced serum level of GOT and GPT, respectively, as compared to the control group. In conclusion, EB and EB pill improve serum lipid status and may be utilized as ingredient of functional foods for the purpose of improving serum lipid profile and inhibiting peroxidation of lipids.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.113-119
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to compare to the effects of regular exercise on body fat contents and plasma lipid composition of college women. This study was conducted from May to August in 2000. The subjects selected for the experiment were composed sixty three female college students. The basal anthropometric measurements were performed. The levels of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and fatty acid composition of plasma were determined. And plasma glucose concentrations was also assayed. The results obtained are summerized as follows : Average height and weight of E(exercise) group were found to be slightly higher than NE(non exercise) group. The percent of body fat and body fat mass (kg) in E group was slightly lowered than that of NE group. There was decreased on the levels of plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride by regular exercise. HDL-cholesterol level was not significantly different between two groups, but LDL-cholesterol level in E group was significantly lowered than that of NE group. Therefore, plasma total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels was significantly decreased by regular exercise.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.938-945
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• 2009

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of ingestion of low-molecular-weight collagen peptides on lipid composition, blood glucose level, and enzyme activities in the serum of hyperlipidemic rats fed experimental diets for 5 weeks. Concentrations of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, free cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), phospholipid (PL), and blood glucose, the atherosclerotic index, and the cholesteryl ester ratio were higher in serum of the hyperlipidemic group (CW group), and the cholesterol-plus-collagen peptides extract group (CCP group) than in the control group (BG group basal diet plus water). However, the concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol, TG, PL, and blood glucose, the atherosclerotic index, and the cholesteryl ester ratio in serum were lower in the CCP group than in the CW group. By contrast, the ratio of HDL-cholesterol to total cholesterol and the absolute HDL-cholesterol level in the CCP group were higher than in the CW group. The activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aminotransferases (AST, ALT) in serum were lower in the CCP group than in the hyperlipidemic CW group. The results indicate that an extract of low-molecular-weight collagen peptides effectively inhibited increases in lipid elevation, blood glucose level, and enzyme activities, in the serum of hyperlipidemic rats.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.176-183
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• 1988

This experiment was undertaken to investigate the effect of caluium and magnesium on the lipid and mineral composition of serum and tissues in cholesterol-fed rats. GOT of serum was significantly decreased in normal Ca and high Mg supplemented group. Serum cholesterol level was significantly decreased in high Mg supplemented group, whereas that of low Mg supplemented group was significantly increased. Content of total lipid in liver were significantly decreased by supplementation with high calcium of magnesium. However, the content of cholesterol was not affected by supplementation with high calcim and that of low Mg supplemented group was significantly increased. In fatty acid composition of liver, he the order of fatty acid content is as following; oleic acid (18:1), stearic acid(18:0), and palmitic acid(16:0). Levels of Ca, Mg, K and Cu in liver were significantly affected by dietary calcium and magnesium levels. The Mg level of kidney was decreased but Cu level was elevated in cholesterol supplemented group. Levels of Ca, Mg, and Zn in serum were significantly elevated by supplementation with high calcium or magnesium.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1686-1692
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• 2008

This study was performed to investigate the effects of the chitosan oligosaccharide administration on the improvement of the lipid compositions, blood glucose and enzyme activities in the serum of hypercholesterolemic rats fed the experimental diets for 5 weeks. Concentrations of total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester ratio, triglyceride (TG), phospholipid (PL) and blood glucose in serum were higher in the hypercholesterolemic group (group CW) and cholesterol+chitosan oligosaccharide administration group (group CCW) than those in the control group (group BW, basal diet+water). But the concentrations of total cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, LDL, LDL-cholesterol, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester ratio, TG, PL and blood glucose in serum were lower in the group CCW than those in the CW, whereas the ratio of HDL-cholesterol concentration to total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol concentration in the group CCW were higher than in the group CW. The activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aminotransferase (AST, ALT) in serum were lower in the group CCW than in the hypercholesterolemic group CW. From the above results, it was suggested that chitosan oligosaccharide administration was effective in the prevention and improvement of the lipid level, blood glucose and enzyme activities in serum of hypercholesterolemic rats.

• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.135-142
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• 1985

For the past 10 years, the socioeconomic status of our country was markedly improved. Accordingly, our foodintake patterns and other alt parts are preparing to blance with developed countries. Especially, be westernizing or improving our foodintake patterns, we intake much fat diet(animal food) while our physical activities decrease and alcohol consumtion's population, smoking population gradually increase. For such reasons, the population of obese tendency and cardiovascular diseases are increased. According to recent reports, among all death causes in our country, cardiovascular diseases(hypertension, hypertensive cardiovascular diseases, ischemic heart diseases) occupyd top rank, we know. I(the author) studied the inter-relation between serum cholesterol level which is the important factor of the cardiovascular diseases and essential hypertension liver diseases, hyperglycemia, some cardiac problems which are main decline causes in life insurance's medical assessment, and body weight distribution. Studied samples were selected on 4,313 cases(male; 1,791, female; 2,522) who were tested liver function test from June, 11th, 1980 to Dec., 31st, 1983 on our medical department's laboratory. I selected two groups in those cases: one group was serum cholesterol level 180mg/dl over(11% of whole LFT examed cases: No=502 cases), the other group was serum cholesterol level 120-160mg/dl(No= 502 cases). For convenience, the group of serum cholesterol level 180mg/dl over was "A" the other group was "B", I described. All examed persons of LFT were resident m Tae-Jon city in that time. On the result, 1) Decline rate is 10.5% on the "A" group, 5.9% on the "B" group. "A" group reveals 1.8 times higher than "B" group. 2) On decline causes, Essential hypertension is 4.0 times higher on the "A" group than "B", liver function's abnormalities are 2.0 times higher on "A" group than "B" and other diseases are same on "A" and "B". On the "A" group, essential hypertension is considerably higher than "B" group. 3) On the body weight distribution, the cases of 70kg(B.W.) over is 19.7% on "A", 10.6% on "B" group. Obese tendency is 1.8 folds higher on "A" group than "B" group. Studing the result, we find high serum cholesterol concentration is closely related with essential hypertension, obese tendency and liver function's abnormalities on the life insurance's medical examination part, also. On the future, we will more carefully consider the serum cholesterol concentration on our medical examnination and assessment of life insurance, I think.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.472-482
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• 2004

This study was performed to investigate the effect of vitamin C and E supplementation on blood pressure, plasma lipids, folate, and homocysteine levels in smokers and non-smokers of college male students in Gyeonggi Area. The nutrient intakes were determined by a 24hr-recall method. The subjects were divided into six groups: vitamin C sup-plementation group (n: smokers = 10, nonsmokers = 10), vitamin E supplementation group (n: smokers = 10, nonsmokers = 10), vitamin C and E supplementation group (n: smokers = 10, nonsmokers = 10), respectively. There were no significant differences between the smokers and nonsmokers in terms of anthropometric measurements. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in smokers than that of non-smokers. There was no significant difference in energy and other nutrients intakes between smokers and non-smokers. In plasma lipids levels, smokers had higher plasma triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol concentration than that of non-smokers (p < 0.05). HDL-cholesterol level of smokers had a tendency to be lower than that of non-smokers. In smokers, AI, TPH, LPH were significantly higher than that of non-smokers (p < 0.01). Plasma folate, homocysteine levels were not significantly different between smokers and non-smokers. The effect of antioxidant vitamins supplementation in smokers: In vitamin C supplementation group, HDL-cholesterol level was significantly in-creased (p < 0.01) and AI, TPH, LPH were significantly decreased (p < 0.01). In vitamin E supplementation group, HDL-cholesterol level was significantly increased (p < 0.05). In vitamin C and E supplementation group, LPH was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). The effect of antioxidant vitamins supplementation in non-smokers: HDL-cholesterol level was significantly increased (p <0.05) and AI, TPH, LPH were significantly decreased (p <0.05) by vitamin C supplementation group. Plasma homocysteine level was decreased by vitamin E supplementation group in non-smokers (p < 0.01). The results of this study showed that smoking had a tendency to increase plasma lipids levels that factor into the risk of coronary heart disease. It is considered that antioxidant vitamin supplementation in smokers had a tendency to decrease cardiovascular disease than in nonsmokers.