• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.667-672
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• 2015

저성장 어린이들을 대상으로 하는 성장호르몬 치료는 다양한 부작용과 투여과정의 스트레스로 인한 환자 순응도 감소, 고가의 치료 비용 등의 단점을 가지고 있다. 이러한 이유로 부작용 발생의 위험성이 작고 낮은 비용으로 어린이의 성장에 도움을 줄 수 있는 천연물 유래 기능성 소재 개발에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 그러나 성적으로 미성숙 상태인 어린이를 대상으로 한다는 점, 에스트로겐에 의한 뼈 성장과 성조숙증 발병기전 연관성, 천연물에 존재하는 다양한 식물성 에스트로겐의 영향으로 안전성에 대한 우려가 존재하는 것이 사실이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 앞선 연구를 통하여 뼈 성장 촉진 효과가 확인된 시험물질의 안전성을 확인하기 위하여 난소를 절제한 실험동물에 시험물질을 4주간 투여한 후 시험물질이 식물성 에스트로겐으로 작용하여 성조숙증과 성장호르몬 이상을 일으킬 가능성을 확인하고자 하였다. 실험 결과 난소 절제로 인한 체중증가, 혈중 지질 농도의 증가, 자궁 벽 두께의 감소 등이 나타남을 확인하였으며 시험물질의 4주 투여가 이러한 변화에 영향을 끼치지 않음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 혈중 에스트로겐 농도, 혈중 성장호르몬 농도를 분석한 결과 시험물질 투여가 아무런 영향을 주지 않음을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 백수오와 한속단 동량 혼합물이 생체 내에서 식물성 에스트로겐으로 작용하지 않는다는 것을 의미하며 반복투여에 의한 성장호르몬 이상을 일으키지 않는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.136-144
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• 2017

본 연구는 기체조 운동중재가 여성고령자의 혈당, 혈중지질, 체력(SFT) 변화에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, 이를 통해 여성고령자들의 건강증진 활동을 위한 기체조 운동중재의 효용성을 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 80세 이상 여성고령자 총 24명을 각각 기체조집단(n=12)과 통제집단(n=12)으로 나누고, 24주간 주5회 1일 60분씩 프로그램을 실시하였다. 자료의 분석은 SPSS WIN 20.0으로 반복측정 변량분석(Repeated Measures ANOVA)을 실시하였으며, 그 결과 첫째, 혈당은 기체조집단이 통제집단 보다 유의하게 낮아진 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 혈중지질은 기체조집단이 통제집단 보다 중성지방(TG)이 유의하게 감소되었으며, 총콜레스테롤(TC), 고밀도지단백(HDL-C), 저밀도지단백(LDL-C)은 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 셋째, 체력(SFT)은 기체조집단이 통제집단 보다 하지근력, 하지유연성, 전신지구력 모두 유의하게 높아진 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 기체조는 여성고령자들의 혈당, 중성지방(TG) 감소와 SFT체력(하지근력, 하지유연성, 전신지구력) 향상에 영향을 미쳐 여성고령자 운동처방 프로그램으로의 효용성을 기대할 수 있다고 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.357-365
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• 2002

A survey was under taken of six district of Northern India viz. Bareilly, Pilibhit, Udham Singh Nagar, Nainital, Almora and Rampur. The age, breed, sex and physiological status recorded. A total number of 854 cattle examined out of which lactating (274 cases), non lactating (302 cases) heifers (128 cases), calves (82 cases) and adult male (68 cases) were examined. An incidence of 4.92 percent (42) of microfilarisis was recorded. The highest prevalence was observed in Rudrapur District of Udham Singh Nagar (33.33%, 4/12), followed by Lalkaun in Nanital District (21.74%, 10/46), Rampur (12.50%, 2/16), Bareilly (8.16%, 8/98) and Pilibhit (1.22%, 1/82). No infection was observed in Almora region. Amongst 854 cattle of different group incidence was highest in adult male (12.20%, 10/82), followed by non lactating (3.82%, 12/314) and lactating (2.70%, 2/74), (7.64%, 12/157) was found in Heifers. For haemeto-biochemical, serum minerals estimations and therapeutic study 32 animals suffering from filariasis and 18 healthy animals were taken. 16 animals were treated with ivermectin $@200{\mu}g/kg $ body weight. Effect of this disease on production has also been estimated for which body weight and milk production was observed. The main clinical manifestations observed were anaemia, loss of appetite, debility, oedematous swelling especially in the abdominal region, increased heart rate, and respiration rate. Haematological changes indicated decrease in hemoglobin, total erythrocyte count, packed cell volume, erthrocyte fragility and neutrophil, whereas there was significant increase in erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR), total leukocyte count (TLC), lymphocyte and eosinophils. Biochemical changes showed significant reduction in the values of serum albumin, A : G ratio, where as there was significant increase in blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), globulin, total lipid, total cholesterol, phospholipids, serum bilirubin. Serum mineral profile also altered markedly, which indicate a significant decrease in Ca, Cu, Fe, Zn, and Mn with increase value of Na and Cl. There was no significant change in P and K values. Enzyme pattern in micro filaria infected animal indicated increased level of AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, ornithine carbamyl transferase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, isocitric dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase. In blood gas values and acid/base balance, there was an increase in $PVCo_2$ and $PVo_2$. It has been observed that microfilaria infected cattle showed decrease in body weight and milk production. Animal treated with ivermectin showed the return of these above values toward normalcy.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.1504-1512
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• 2009

A feeding trial was conducted to examine the effect of high-temperature-micro-time (HTMT) processing of diets containing extruded soybean (ESB) in high quantity on milk fat production, metabolic responses, and the formation of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans-vaccenic acid (TVA). Twenty-one multiparous Holstein cows in mid-lactation were blocked according to milk yield in the previous lactation. Cows within each block were randomly assigned to either normal concentrate or HTMT treated diets containing ESB (7.5% HTMT-ESB and 15% HTMT-ESB). It was hypothesized that the HTMT-ESB would affect the undegradable fatty acids in the rumen and, thus, would modify the fatty acid profile of milk fat. Both 7.5% and 15% HTMT-ESB did not affect milk yield, fat, protein, lactose and solid-not-fat (SNF), but the proportion of cis-9, trans-11 CLA in milk fat was significantly increased by these treatments. Content of TVA in milk fat was not affected by HTMT-ESB. The HTMT-ESB influenced the fatty acid profile in milk fat, but there was little difference between 7.5% and 15% of supplementation. HTMT-ESB feeding significantly decreased the concentration of plasma insulin and glucose, while plasma growth hormone (GH), triglyceride (TG), non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and HDLcholesterol were increased by 7.5% and 15% ESB-HTMT supplementation in comparison to the control group (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in plasma LDL-cholesterol, insulin like growth factor (IGF)-1, T3, T4, and leptin concentrations among treatments (p>0.05). The present results showed that cis-9, trans-11 CLA production was increased by HTMT treatment of dietary ESB without reduction of milk fat, and the unchanged milk fat and yield was assumed to be associated with the constant level of thyroid hormones, leptin, and IGF-1.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2002

양적형질 유전자좌위(Quantitative trait loci; QTL) 연관지도 작성을 위해 regression interval mapping method에 의해 Berkshire종과 Yorkshire종간 교배를 통해 생산된 $F_2$ 집단에서 실시하였다. 염색체내 QTL 위치를 결정하기 위해 regression 모델을 통해 계산된 검정통계량(F-statistic)에 대한 유의적인 threshold 수준의 설정은 permutation test 및 Lander와 kruglyak (1995)에 의해 제시된 방법으로 산출하였다. 525두 $F_2$ 개체에 대해 조사된 기록 중 5형질(도체중, 등심 단면적, 근내지방 교잡도, 콜레스테롤 함량, 척추 늑골 등지방 두께) 기록을 분석에 이용하였고 genome 전체에 걸친 125개의 microsatellite marker에 대해 3세대 집단 모두 개체에 대해 유전자형을 조사하였다. 회귀분석 모형에 따라 additive 및 dominance 효과를 추정하였으며 이때 모든 회귀계수 값과 F-검정 통계량은 각각 1cM 단위로 추정하였다. 각 형질별, 염색체별로 10,000회의 permutation에 의해 genome-wise 및 chromosome-wise threshold를 추정하였다. Lander와 Kruglyak(1995)에 의해 제시된 방법으로 산출된 threshold 값은 매우 높게 추정되어 이러한 threshold의 적용시 실제로 QTL 존재 여부를 인정할 수 있는 경우의 수가 permutation에 의해 유도된 threshold를 적용했을 때보다 상대적으로 적은 결과를 보였다. 5% genome-wise threshold의 경우 형질별로 다소 상이한 경향을 나타냈으며 분석에 활용된 5개 형질에 대해 총 4개의 QTL이 5% genome-wise 수준에서 검색되었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.60-68
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• 2002

Purpose of this study was to compare serum phospholipid fatty acid composition of obese children with that of normal weight children reside in Kangnung area. Subjects were consisted of 56(41 boys and 15 girls) moderately or severely obese elementary school children, and age and sex-matched normal weight children as a control group. Level of serum phospholipid fatty acids was measured by thin layer chromatography(TLC) followed by gas chromatography(GLC). for male subjects, serum triglyceride(121 $\pm$ 4.7mg/dl) and total cholesterol(180 $\pm$ 37.1mg/dl) concentrations were significantly(p < 0.05) higher in obese group than those for control group(81.5 $\pm$ 2.5mg/dl and 161 $\pm$ 32.0mg/dl, respectively). Obese group showed significantly higher percentage of serum phospholipid myristic acid(C14:0) than the value for control group in both male and female subjects. Obese male subjects had significantly higher percentages of palmitoleic acid(16 : 1), oleic acid(18 : 1), dihomo-${\gamma}$-linoleic acid(20 : 3, $\omega$6) and docosatetraenoic acid(22 : 4, $\omega$6), and lower percentages of eicosenoic acid(20 : 1, $\omega$6), docosapentaenoic acid(22 : 5, $\omega$6), EPA(22 : 5, $\omega$3) and DHA (22 : 6, $\omega$3) compared to values for control male subjects. For male subjects, obese group showed significantly higher ratios of 16 : 1($\omega$9)/16 : 0 and 18 : 1($\omega$9)/18 : 0, and significantly lower ratios of 22 : 5($\omega$6)/22 4($\omega$6), and 22 : 6($\omega$3)/22 : 5($\omega$3) compacted to values for the control group. But there was not significant differences in elongation and desaturation indices of serum phospholipids fatty acid metabolism between obese and control group in female subjects. Most of anthropometric measurements related to obesity were negatively correlated with the percentages of PUFA, $\omega$3 fatty acids or DHA(22 : 6, $\omega$3), and positively correlated with the percentage of myristic acid(14 : 0) or $\omega$6/$\omega$3 ratio in serum phospholipids. Serum triglyceride concentration was negatively correlated with the percentage of PUFA or $\omega$3 fatty acids, and positively correlated with $\omega$6/$\omega$3 ratio in serum phospholipids. These results indicate that obesity related changes in blood lipid levels and metabolism are more significant in male subjects than in female subjects. Also changes in serum phospholipid fatty acid composition observed in obese children appear to demonstrate the increased susceptibility of these children to cardiovascular disease and other related chronic diseases.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.1425-1434
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• 2011

This experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of the processing method of common vetch seed (CVS) (Vicia sativa) on laying performance, egg quality, metabolic parameters and liver histopatology during the peak production period in hens. Lohman layers, 46 wk of age in 6 replicate cages each containing 4 hens, were allocated randomly to one of four dietary treatments. Diets were control (C) diet containing no common vetch and experimental diets containing 25% raw common vetch (RCV), 25% soaked in water for 72 h with exchange of water every 24 h (SCV) and 25% soaked&boiled at $100^{\circ}C$ for 30 minute common vetch (SBCV). Inclusion of RCV into the diet deteriorated all laying performance variables. SCV did not alleviate the adverse effect of raw common vetch on feed intake, egg weight, feed conversion, final weight and weight change. SCV partially alleviated egg production (p<0.001). SBCV diminished the adverse effect on feed intake, egg weight, feed conversion, final weight and weight change compared to raw vicia sativa (p<0.001). No significant difference was detected between SBCV and the control group in terms of egg production, feed conversion, final weight and weight change. Regardless of the processing method, all the common vetch groups had lower shell strength compared to the control group. Haugh units did differ between all groups (p<0.001). Inclusion of RCV and SCV into the basal diet decreased triglyceride, cholesterol, total protein and serum glucose concentrations (p<0.001). Hovewer, inclusion of SBCV into the basal diet increased these parameters. Liver samples were stained with Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and evaluated by light microscopy. A biopsy of native liver tissue was used as a control. No histopathologic finding was present in the control group. Raw V. sativa compared with the control caused lipid accumulations in hepatocytes, severe congestion of hepatic blood vessels, inflammation, increased numbers of Kupffer cells and sinusoidal dilatations. Whereas, the livers from groups given treated V. sativa showed only different degrees of sinusoidal dilatations. Findings from the present study point out the risk of increased hepatic damage due to use of raw Vicia sativa. Increasing treatment of V. sativa lead to a decrease of liver damages. Inclusion of raw and soaked vetch seeds in rations affected adversely all parameters examined in laying hens. But alleviation was observed when soaked and boiled vetch seeds (SBCV) were fed. The results of these experiments indicated that soaked&boiled Vicia sativa seeds may safely be used at a 25% level in rations of laying hens.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.2597-2606
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• 2014

Background: There is a scarcity of information about the proportion of the adult Saudi population that meet the recommended guidelines of physical activity (PA) to reduce cancer risk. Moreover, their awareness about the role of PA in cancer prevention is unclear. Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed at estimating the proportion of adult Saudis meeting the PA guidelines, specifically those recommended by American Cancer Society (ACS) for cancer prevention, and to assess the public awareness about the role of PA in cancer prevention. Materials and Methods: Using a multistage sampling method, 2,127 adult Saudis of both genders were recruited from 6 urban and 4 rural primary health care centers in Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia. Participants were personally interviewed to gather information about their sociodemographic characteristics, searching activity about PA and cancer, and the time spent in leisure time PA (moderate and vigorous)/week using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire with show cards. Finally, items about the role of PA in cancer risk reduction were inquired. Results: Of the included participants, 11.6% met the recommendations for cancer prevention (${\geq}45$ minutes of moderate-vigorous PA activity/${\geq}5$ days/week or 225 minutes/week). Multivariate regression showed that being male (AOR=1.49, CI=1.09-2.06), <20 years of age (AOR=3.11, CI=2.03-4.76), and unemployed (AOR=2.22, CI=1.57-3.18) were significant predictors for meeting PA recommendations for cancer prevention. Only 11.4% of the sample indicated correctly the frequency and duration of PA required for an average adult to be physically active and while >70% of them indicated the role of PA in prevention of hypertension, coronary heart disease and lowering elevated blood cholesterol, only 18.6% and 21.7% correctly mentioned the role of PA in reducing colon and breast cancer risk, respectively. Poor knowledge was found among those with less than college education and aged ${\geq}50$ years. The level of knowledge was significantly positively correlated with total leisure time PA of the participants. Conclusions: A minority of adult Saudis in Al Hassa was aware about the role of PA in cancer prevention and engaged in sufficient LTPA for cancer risk reduction benefits, highlighting the need for public health actions to include policies and programs that address factors deterring their participation in LTPA and increasing their awareness with remedies to manage the prevalent misconceptions.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.599-605
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• 2015

본 연구는 흑미(Oryza sativa L.) 호분층 추출물이 난소절제 흰쥐의 체내 지질 및 관련 호르몬 수준에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 수행되었다. 흰쥐를 Sham군(S), 난소절제 control군(OVX), 난소절제 이소플라본 10 mg/kg 투여군(IF), 난소절제 흑미 30 및 90mg/kg 투여군(BRE-30, BRE-90)으로 나누어 12주 동안 고지방식이(45% calories from fat)를 급여하였을 때, 체중 증가량, 체지방무게 및 비만지수는 OVX군에서 증가하였으나, 이소플라본 및 BRE 투여에 의해 유의하게 감소되었다. 혈중 중성지방은 BRE-90군이 OVX군에 비해 유의적으로 낮았고, 혈청 adiponectin 수준은 BRE군에서 OVX군에 비하여 유의하게 증가하였으며, leptin 수준은 대조군인 OVX군에 비하여 유의적으로 감소하였다. 간 중 총지질과 중성지방 및 콜레스테롤은 유의적이지는 않았으나 BRE 투여군에서 OVX군보다 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 따라서, 흑미 호분층은 난소절제 흰쥐에서 지질 대사를 조절함으로써 비만 및 여성의 폐경기 관련 질병을 예방하는 식품이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2014

Objectives Advanced researches on the relationship between obesity and heart rate variability (HRV), heretofore, focused on characteristics of HRV depending on the state of obesity. However, the previous researches have not quantified predictive power of HRV toward the obesity-related variables, which is rather more meaningful for clinicians who regularly treat obese patients. Hence, we designed a research to investigate whether HRV could predict serum levels of obesity-related metabolites. Methods Ninety obese premenopausal women meeting the inclusion criteria were recruited. The HRV test, blood sampling, and measurement of physical traits were conducted. Multiple regression analysis of the measurement data was carried out, putting obesity-related metabolites (insulin, glucose, triglyceride, hs-CRP, HDL, LDL, total cholesterol) as outcome variables and the others as predictors. To select appropriate predictive variables, the Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) was applied. Normality and homoskedasticity of residuals for each model were tested to identify if there were any violations of the regression analysis's basic assumption. Logarithm transformation was used for the values of the concentration of metabolites and the HRV. Results The regression model including Total Power (TP) value and BMI had significant predictive power for serum insulin concentration (F(2, 88)=835.7, p<0.001, $R^2=0.95$). The regression coefficient of ln (TP) was -0.1002. However, it was not sure if the HRV could predict concentrations of other metabolites. Conclusions The results suggest that the Total Power (TP) value of the HRV can predict the level of serum insulin. If the BMI could be assumed as being constant, when the TP value is multiplied by n, the predicted change of insulin could be drawn by multiplying $n^{-0.1002}$. The uncertainty of this model can be assumed as approximately 5%.