• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.169-173
• /
• 1965

The results of ultraviolet spectrophotometric investigations on the system of chlorobenzene with iodine, chlorine and iodine monobromide in carbon tetrachloride at $25^{\circ}$ indicate the formation of one to one molecular complexes, $C_6H_5Cl{\cdot}I_2,\;C_6H_5Cl{\cdot}Cl_2\;and\;C_6H_5Cl{\cdot}IBr.$ The equilibrium constants obtained at $25^{\circ}$ for the complex formations are 0.106, 0.0400 and 0.109 $lmole^{-1}$, respectively. These results combined with those reported in the literature reveal the following order as the relative stabilities of complexes with aromatics and with halogens or interhalogens, respectively. $ICl>IBr>I_2>Br_2>Cl_2$. Benzene>Chlorobenzene.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.281-291
• /
• 2012

In this study, WET (whole effluent toxicity) test with Skeletonema costatum, Tigriopus japonicus and Paralichthys olivaceus and ERA (environmental risk assessment) were conducted to assess the unacceptable effect on marine ecosystem by emitting the treated discharge water from 'ARA Plasma BWTS' BWMS (ballast water management system) using filtration, Plasma and MPUV module. 34 psu treated discharge water from ARA Plasma BWTS shown slight chronic toxicity effect on the P. olivaceus ($7d-LC_{50}{\Rightarrow}100.00%$ treated discharge water, $7d-LC_{25}{\Rightarrow}85.15%$ treated discharge water). Bromobenzene, chlorobenzene and 4-chlorotoluene in 34 psu treated discharge water from ARA Plasma BWTS were higher than in the background original content of seawater. The PECs (predictive environmental concentrations) of bromobenzene, chlorobenzene and 4-chlorotoluene calculated by MAMPEC (marine antifoulant model to predict environmental concentrations) program (ver. 3.0) were 3.34E-03, 2.10E-03 and 1.73E-03 ${\mu}g\;L^{-1}$, respectively and PNECs (predicted no effect concentrations) of them were 1.6, 0.5 and 1.9 ${\mu}g\;L^{-1}$. The PEC/PNEC ratio of bromobenzene, chlorobenzene and 4-chlorotoluene did not exceed one and 3 substances did not consider as persistence, bioaccumulative and toxic. Therefore, it was suggested that treated discharge water from ARA Plasma BWTS did not pose unacceptable effect on marine ecosystem.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.36 no.3 s.104
• /
• pp.295-303
• /
• 2003

Sorption kinetics of hydrophobic organic compounds (chlorobenzene and phenanthrene) in natural wetland soils was investigated using laboratory batch adsorbers. One -site mass transfer model (OSMTM) and two compartment first-order kinetic model (TCFOKM) were used to analyze sorption kinetics. Analysis of OSMTM reveals that apparent sorption equilibria were obtained within 10 to 75 hours for chlorobenzene and 2 hours for phenanthrene, respectively. For chlorobenzene, the sorption equilibrium time for surface soil was longer than that of deeper soil presumably due to physico-chemical differences between the soils. For phenanthrene, however, no difference in sorption equilibrium time was observed between the soils. As expected from the number of model parameters involved, the three-parameter TCFOKM was better than the two-parameter OSMTM in describing sorption kinetics, The fraction of fast sorption ($f_1$) and the first-order sorption rate constants for fast ($k_1$)and slow ($k_2$) compartments were determined by fitting experimental data to the TCFOKM. The results of TCFOKM analysis indicate that the sorption rate constant in the fast compartment($k_1$) was much greater than that of slow fraction($k_2$) . The fraction of the fast sorption ($f_1$) and the sorption rate constant in the fast compartment($k_1$) were increasing in the order of increasing $k_{ow}$, phenanthrene > chlorobenzene. The first-order sorption rate constants in the fast ($k_1$) and slow ($k_2$) compartments were found to vary from $10^{-0.1}\;to\;-10^{1.0}$ and from $10^{-4}\;to-10^{-2}$, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.8-16
• /
• 1952

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.19 no.11
• /
• pp.1265-1268
• /
• 1998

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2006.08a
• /
• pp.1135-1138
• /
• 2006

By ink-jet printing method, organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) having soluble 6,13-bis (triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene (TIPS pentacene) as an active material were fabricated. The TIPS pentacene solution was made with chlorobenzene and anisole. The solutions were printed on poly (4-vinylphenol) (PVP) dielectric layers and source/drain electrodes by piezo-type heads for bottom contact OTFTs. The dielectric layers had untreated or HMDS-treated conditions. The chlorobenzene device showed the highest field effect mobility of $0.016\;cm^2/Vs$ and the anisole HMDS-treated device shows the highest $I_{on}/I_{off}$ ratio of $10^5$.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2006.08a
• /
• pp.1150-1153
• /
• 2006

In this paper, we investigated the effect of solvent on electrical properties of triisopropylsilyl (TIPS) pentacene organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs). The TIPS pentacene was spin coated by using chlorobenzene, p-xylene, chloroform and toluene as solvent. Fabricated OTFT with chlorobenzene showed field-effect mobility of $0.01\;cm^2/V{\cdot}s$, on/off ratio $4.3{\times}10^3$ and threshold voltage of 5.5 V. In contrast, with chloroform the mobility was $5.8{\times}10^{-7}\;cm^2/Vs$, on/off ratio $1.1{\times}10^2$ and threshold voltage of 1.7 V.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
• /
• 2003.04a
• /
• pp.201-204
• /
• 2003

Solubilization isotherms of 1-chlorobenzene (MCB) and 1, 2-dichlorobenzene (DCB) were investigated in ionic surfactant solutions such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), and dedecyltrimethylammonium chloride (DMAC). The solubilization extent of DCB was much higher than that of MCB because of the main driving force of solubilization Is hydrophobic interactions between chlorobenzenes and hydrophobic interior of ionic micelles and DCB is more hydrophobic than MCB. CPC showed highest solubilization capacity because of longest hydrophobic tails. Simultaneous solubilization of MCB and DCB decreased slightly the extent solubilization of both MCB and DCB because the solubilization locus in the micelles is same.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.215-218
• /
• 2004

Marine sediments and bivalves were sampled at 20 stations from coastal regions of Korea, to investigate the levels and patterns of some chlorobenzene isomers. Total chlorobenzenes were in the range of 0.32-3.55 ng/g dry weight in marine sediments and 0.26-0.84 ng/g wet weight in bivalves. Hexachlorobenzene levels in marine sediments and bivalves were lower thar or comparable to those levels of reported in other countries. Isomeric patterns of some chlorobenzenes in marine sediments and bivalves were slightly different. However, the pre-dominant isomer in marine sediments and bivalves was 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. Hexachlorobenzene contribution to total concentrations was higher in sediments than in bivalves.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.272-277
• /
• 1974

A relationship between the activity coefficients of tri-n-butylphosphate(TBP) and europium complex was studied in the extraction of europium by TBP in nitric acid solution. Diluents chosen are cyclohexane, toluene, benzene and chlorobenzene. Concentrations of TBP were varied from 5 to 50 by volume percent and the composition of inorganic layer was kept constant. A method of estimating the solubility parameter of TBP is suggested.