• Title/Summary/Keyword: Chlorides

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Experimental Study on Chloride Penetration into Concrete under Combined Exposure Conditions of Chlorides and High Concentrated Sulfates (고농도 황산염 이온이 함께 존재하는 경우의 염소이온 침투특성에 관한 실험 연구)

  • Oh, Byung-Hwan;Jung, Sang-Hwa;Jiang, Yi-Rong;Kim, Jee-Sang
    • Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.173-182
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    • 2003

  • Recently, the durability of concrete structures has received great attention as the number of sea-side structures, such as new airport, bridges, and nuclear power plants, increases continuously. In this regards, many studies have been done on the chloride attack in concrete structures. However, those studies were confined mostly to the single deterioration due to chloride only, although actual environment is rather of combined type. The purpose of the present study is, therefore, to explore the effects of combined deterioration due to chlorides and sulfates in concrete structures. To this end, comprehensive experimental program has been set up to observe the chloride penetration behavior for various test series. The test results indicate that the chloride penetration is more pronounced for the case of combined attack than the case of single chloride attack. The surface chloride content is found to increase with time and the diffusion coefficient for chloride is found to decrease with time. The prediction equations for surface chloride content and diffusion coefficient were proposed according to test results. The equations for chloride penetration considering the time-dependent diffusion coefficients and surface chlorides were also suggested. The present study allows more realistic assessment of durability for such concrete structures which are subjected to combined attacks of chlorides and high concentration sulfates but the future studies for combined environment will assure the precise assessment.

  • https://doi.org/10.4334/JKCI.2003.15.2.173 인용 PDF KSCI

Corrosion of Rebar by Chlorides and Concrete Durability

  • Hong, Naifeng
    • Corrosion Science and Technology
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    • v.3 no.3
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    • pp.127-130
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    • 2004

  • Throughout the world, corrosion of rebar in concrete is a main form for concrete building destruction. The chloride is prime criminal. This paper presents the harm of chloride corrosion in China, the effect of chloride corrosion on the durability of concrete buildings and protection strategies for rebar corrosion.

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Fluorinated Esters Derived from Terpenes

  • Joseph D. Park;Robert L. Settine
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.128-130
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    • 1964

  • Fluorinated acid chlorides in the C$_3$ to C$_9$ range were reacted with diols prepared from terpene diacids to give good yields of potentially useful esters. These esters were shown to be of greater stability and low temperature properties than those prepared from fluorinated alcohols and corresponding terpene diacids by direct esterification.

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Selective Reduction of $\alpha,\beta$-Unsaturated Ketones with Borohydride Exchange Resin-$CuSO_4$ in Methanol

  • Yoon, Nung-Min;Sim, Tae-Bo
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.14 no.6
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    • pp.749-752
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    • 1993

  • Borohydride exchange resin $(BER)-CuSO_4$ system readily reduces {\alpha},{\beta}$-unsaturated ketones to the corresponding saturated alcohols quantitatively. This reduction tolerates many functional groups such as carbon-carbon multiple bonds, chlorides, epoxides, esters, amides and nitriles.

  • https://doi.org/10.5012/bkcs.1993.14.6.749 인용 PDF