• 제목/요약/키워드: Chloride migration test

검색결과 43건 처리시간 0.02초

Bioactive characteristics of an implant surface coated with a pH buffering agent: an in vitro study

  • Pae, Hyung-Chul;Kim, Su-Kyoung;Park, Jin-Young;Song, Young Woo;Cha, Jae-Kook;Paik, Jeong-Won;Choi, Seong-Ho
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • 제49권6호
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    • pp.366-381
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of conventional sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) surface coated with a pH buffering solution based on surface wettability, blood protein adhesion, osteoblast affinity, and platelet adhesion and activation. Methods: Titanium discs and implants with conventional SLA surface (SA), SLA surface in an aqueous calcium chloride solution (CA), and SLA surface with a pH buffering agent (SOI) were prepared. The wetting velocity was measured by the number of threads wetted by blood over an interval of time. Serum albumin adsorption was tested using the bicinchoninic acid assay and by measuring fluorescence intensity. Osteoblast activity assays (osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, mineralization, and migration) were also performed, and platelet adhesion and activation assays were conducted. Results: In both the wetting velocity test and the serum albumin adsorption assay, the SOI surface displayed a significantly higher wetting velocity than the SA surface (P=0.000 and P=0.000, respectively). In the osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization tests, the mean values for SOI were all higher than those for SA and CA. On the osteoblast migration, platelet adhesion, and activation tests, SOI also showed significantly higher values than SA (P=0.040, P=0.000, and P=0.000, respectively). Conclusions: SOI exhibited higher hydrophilicity and affinity for proteins, cells, and platelets than SA. Within the limits of this study, it may be concluded that coating an implant with a pH buffering agent can induce the attachment of platelets, proteins, and cells to the implant surface. Further studies should be conducted to directly compare SOI with other conventional surfaces with regard to its safety and effectiveness in clinical settings.

LPS에 의한 급성 폐손상에서 게르마늄에 의한 호중구 세포사와 큰포식세포의 포식능 증가 (The Increase of Apoptotic Neutrophils and Phagocytic Macrophage by Germanium in Acute Lung Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide)

  • 이윤정;조현국;전경희
    • Applied Microscopy
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    • 제38권4호
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    • pp.293-306
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    • 2008
  • 주로 패혈증후군에 의해 동반되는 급성 폐손상인 급성호흡곤란증후군(ARDS)의 가장 큰 원인은 폐조직 내에 축적된 호중구라 보고 게르마늄을 ARDS 발병 전에 투여했을 때 게르마늄의 항염증 효과로 폐손상이 감소되는지, 그리고 폐손상 억제에 산화질소가 관여하는지 확인하고자 하였다. 실험군은 생리식염수를 기도로 투여한 대조군 (CON), 동량의 내독소 5시간 투여군(LPS), 그리고 게르마늄을 1시간 전처리 후 내독소 5시간 투여군(Ge+LPS)으로 나누어 실험하였다. 실험동물을 이용한 실험결과 내독소의 주입으로 유도된 급성 폐손상에서 기관지폐세척액 내 호중구의 침윤은 게르마늄을 전처리함으로써 유의하게 감소하였다. 게르마늄 전처리군의 폐조직은 내독소 처리군에 비해 정상적으로 잘 보존된 편이었고, Tunel 염색에 뚜렷한 양성반응을 보이는 호중구가 많이 관찰되어 호중구의 세포사가 증가된 것으로 나타났다. 기관지폐세척액 내 세포의 미세구조변화의 관찰에서도 게르마늄 전처리군에서는 내독소 투여군에 비해 호중구를 탐식한 폐포강 큰포식세포들이 수적으로 증가되었고, 탐식된 호중구들은 대부분 핵이 응축된 모습이었으며, DNA 분절과 세포소기관의 소실을 보이는 세포사한 호중구도 세포간질에서 발견되었다. 그러나 산화질소는 대조군을 제외한 모든 군에서 증가현상을 보였지만 내독소 투여군과는 달리 게르마늄 전처리군에서만 비만세포의 탈과립화가 적어지고, 호중구의 세포사가 증가하는 등의 산화질소 효과가 나타났다. 이는 산화질소가 분비되기 전 게르마늄의 전처리에 의해 실험동물의 체내 환경의 변화가 야기되었고, 변화 후 작용한 산화질소에 의해 항염증 효과가 나타난 것으로 판단되어, 게르마늄의 전처리에 의해 큰포식세포로부터 생성된 산화질소가 폐손상을 완화시키는 데 관여할 것이라 추측된다. 이와 같은 실험결과로 볼 때, 호중구의 폐 침윤에 의한 폐포-모세혈관 장벽의 손상으로 초래되는 급성 폐손상에서 게르마늄의 항염증 작용, 즉 호중구의 유주현상 방해, 호중구의 세포사 유도 그리고 세포사한 호중구를 탐식하도록 큰포식세포의 탐식능을 증가시키는 효과로 호중구의 수가 감소되어 폐손상이 억제되고, 게르마늄에 의해 활성화된 큰포식세포에서 분비되는 산화질소가 폐손상을 억제시키는 데 관여할 것으로 추측된다.

Anisakis 형(型) 유충(幼蟲)에 관한 연구(硏究) (Studies on Anisakis Type Larvae)

  • 임정택
    • 대한수의학회지
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    • 제15권2호
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    • pp.293-307
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    • 1975
  • As it has been known recently that anisakis type larvae harbouring in marine fishes are a causal agent of zoonosis to human and probably to land living mammal animals, attention was focused on the study on the larvae in an aspect of epidemiology or epizootiology. The present work was conducted from 1966 to 1975 for i) survey on the harbouring status of anisakis type larvae in marine fishes of this country, ii) observation on the response to the experimental infestation of the larvae to the pigs, in the reason that they could well fetid raw fish viscera occasionally containing the larvae as a high protein source of swine food, and iii) observation on the larval resistance and response to vermicidal agents for the purpose of prevention of the larval infection to the mammal animals. The data obtained in the studies were summarized as follows: 1. In the survey on the status of larvae harbouring in main species of marine fishes of this country, 15 species, a total of 1,940 fishes, were observed and the result was summarized in table 2. Average number of larvae, in upper rank of 5 out of all 15 species of fishes, were as highest as 156 larvae ranging 74 to 450 in Pseudosciaena manchurica (chamjogi), 54.5 ranging 15 to 240 in Trichiurus haumela (kalchi), 35.6 ranging 8 to 112 in Trachurus japonica (junggengi), 30.6 ranging 4 to 65 in Parapristipama trilineatum (benjari) and 20.5 ranging 3 to 48 in Nibea argentata (boguchi) respectively. In morphological observation, size of the larvae in the fishes were varied, ranging from 2 to 32mm long, and a tendency to larger size and number of larvae in the fishes, which were wider sea migration, higher age and lager bodily size, was observed The favorite places harbouring the larvae in fishes were mainly around the intraperitoneal viscera such as mesentery, omentum, liver, pyloric suspensory, fat tissue and cloaca, and rarely in body muscles of fish. Fishes heartily infested with the larvae showed stunted growth decreased egg formation and severe damage of liver. 2. In the experimental infestation of the larvae to normal pigs, as illustrated in table 3, a group with large dose of larvae (a total of 1,800 larvae, 300 larvae Per dose, twice in a dart for 3 days) showed acute clinical syndrome terminatine death with a week course, whereas two groups with less dose of larvae (a total of 180~360 larvae, 10 larvae per dose, at 5 days interval for 70~180 days) showed subclinical syndrome with remarkably stunted growth as. much as approximately one half of body size in contest to the control pigs. In the pathological findings, a group with large dose of larvae showed macroscopically larvae penetrating to the gastric wall with severe gastroenteritis, and histopathologically various acute lesions caused by active larvae penetration into the wall of stomach and interstine, whereas two groups with less dose of larvae showed chronic lesions such as hypertrophy and verminous granulomatous swelling of gastric wall, suggesting strongly the possibility of natural infestation of larvae to swine. 3. In the resistance of the larvae to the chemical solutions, the larvae tolerated for 2 days in 15 percent solution of sodium chloride and acetic acid, and for 7 days in 70 percent solution of ethyl alcohol. In the resistance to the temperature, the larvae died within 1 second at $62^{\circ}C$ and tolerated for 24 hours at $-3^{\circ}C$, 12 hours $-5^{\circ}C$ respectively. 4. For the experiment on the vermicidal effect to larvae, general vermicidal drugs such as Neguvon, Combantrin, antimony Potassium, piperazine adipate and piperazine dihydrochloride, oxidizer such as potassium permanganate and potassium chlorate, and dyes such as gentian violet and crystal violet were used, and among them, as illustrated in table 6, potassium permanganate was proved as the best. In the successive test for the practical use of potassium permanganate, vermicidal effect in seawater solution of potassium permanganate and common-water solution of potassium permanganate were compared, and then retested by dipping the fish viscera including the larvae into the two different solutions of potassium permanganate. The result through these tests indicated that 0.01 percent common water and sea-water solution of potassium permanganate could be apparently recommended as a preventive vermicidal solution, having 90 to 100 percent vermicidal effect by dipping for 12 to 24 hours even though sea-water solution of potassium permanganate had a tendency to slightly less effect than the common-water solution of potassium permanganate (Table 8).

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