• 제목/요약/키워드: Chitinolytic activity

검색결과 49건 처리시간 0.024초

토양전염성 식물병원균에 대한 Chitin 분해세균들의 길항효과 (Antagonistic Effect of Chitinolytic Bacteria on Soilborne Plant Pathogens)

  • 박서기;이효연;김기청
    • 한국식물병리학회지
    • /
    • 제11권1호
    • /
    • pp.47-52
    • /
    • 1995
  • One hundred and thirty bacterial isolates with high chitinolytic activity on chitin agar media were isolated and identified. Most of the isolates were Aeromonas hydrophila (110 isolates), and the others were Serratia marcescens (11 isolates), Aeromonas caviae (3 isolates), Chromobacterium violaceum strain C-61 (2 isolates), Chromobacterium violaceum strain C-72 (1 isolate) and unknown species (3 isolates). Among them, C. violaceum strain C-61 had highest chitinolytic activity and fungal growth inhibition on PDA. This bacterium also inhibited the growth of Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia scelrotiorum, Phytophthora capsici and Pythium ultimum, but it didn't inhibit the growth of Fusarium oxysprum and Fusarium solani. C. violaceum strain C-61 suppressed damping-off of eggplant caused by R. solani. Populations of the chitinolytic bacteria such as Aeromonas hydrophila, Serratia marcescens, Aeromonas caviae, Chromobacterium violaceum strain C-61 and Chromobacterium violaceum strain C-72 introduced into R. solani-infested soil were continuously decreased until 20 days after treatment, but their populations except A. caviae were not changed significantly and maintained over 5$\times$104 CFU per g of soil thereafter.

  • PDF

Characterization of Chitinolytic and Antifungal Activities in Marine-Derived Trichoderma bissettii Strains

  • Dawoon Chung;Yong Min Kwon;Ji Yeon Lim;Seung Sub Bae;Grace Choi;Dae-Sung Lee
    • Mycobiology
    • /
    • 제50권4호
    • /
    • pp.244-253
    • /
    • 2022
  • Trichoderma fungi have been intensively studied for mycoparasitism, and the latter is closely related to their cell-wall degrading enzymes including chitinase. Here, we studied marine-derived Trichoderma spp., isolated from distinct sources and locations, for chitinolytic and antifungal activity. Based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, two strains designated GJ-Sp1 and TOP-Co8 (isolated from a marine sponge and a marine alga, respectively) were identified as Trichoderma bissettii. This species has recently been identified as a closely related species to Trichoderma longibrachiatum. The extracellular crude enzymes of GJ-Sp1 and TOP-Co8 showed activities of chitobiosidase and b-N-acetylglucosaminidase (exochitinase) and chitotriosidase (endochitinase). The optimum chitinolytic activity of the crude enzymes was observed at 50 ℃, pH 5.0, 0-0.5% NaCl concentrations, and the activities were stable at temperatures ranging from 10 to 40 ℃ for 2 h. Moreover, the crude enzymes showed inhibitory activity against hyphal growth of two filamentous fungi Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the chitinolytic and antifungal activity of T. bissettii.

Aeromonas hydrophila 5-3K 의 분리 및 Chitin 분해 특성

  • 김광엽;이찬용;이계호
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
    • /
    • 제25권2호
    • /
    • pp.151-158
    • /
    • 1997
  • For the production of potent chitinolytic enzyme from bacteria, screening was carried out. Of 100 samples from soil, fresh water and sea water collected from the Kyung-gi area, 7 strains of chitinolytic bacteria were isolated. Among them, Aeromonas hydrophila 5-3K showed the highest chitinolytic activity. Culture conditions of Aeromonas hydrophila for the production of chitinolytic enzyme were inverstigated and lytic enzyme was fractionated by the use of ammonium sulfate and Sephadex G-100. Maximum production of chitinolytic enzyme was obtained at pH 7.0 and 30$\circ$C with chitin concentration between 0.2% and 1.0%. Conditions for the enzyme production were optimized including fermentor cultivation. The chitinolytic system of Aeromonas hydrophila 5-3K was composed of two enzymes, chitinase and chitobiase.

  • PDF

Isolation of Chitinolytic Bacteria from the Viscera of Korean Bony Fishes and Optimization of the Enzyme Production

  • Lee Jung-Suck;Joo Dong-Sik;Cho Soon-Yeong;Cho Man-Gi;Lee Eung-Ho
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
    • /
    • 제2권1호
    • /
    • pp.105-111
    • /
    • 1999
  • In order to produce functional chitin oligosaccharides, a chitinolytic bacterium was newly screened from the viscera of Korean bony fishes, and identified as Bacillus sp. LJ-25. For the production of chitinolytic enzymes, $1.0\%$ nutrient broth and $0.3\%$ colloidal chitin were used as nitrogen and carbon source, respectively. The optimal temperature, initial pH and concentration of NaCl for the enzyme production by Bacillus sp. LJ-25 were $30^{\circ}C$ 6.5-7.0 and $1.0\%$, respectively. The enzyme activity of Bacillus sp. LJ-25 increased until the incubation time of 168 hr, followed by a decrease in activity.

  • PDF

Endochitinase와 Chitobiosidase 유전자의 동시발현에 의한 키틴분해 활성의 증가 (Enhancement of chitinolytic activity of by co-expression of endochitinase and chitobiosidase genes)

  • 김정태;최신건
    • 산업기술연구
    • /
    • 제30권B호
    • /
    • pp.69-74
    • /
    • 2010
  • Chitinolytic activity was enhanced by coexpression of endo-chitinase gene (chiA) and chitobiosidase gene (chiB) from Serratia marcescens KFRI314 using constitutive expression vector, pHCEIA, in E. coli. Coexpression vector was constructed by inserting ribosome binding site (RBS) into junction between two chitinase genes. SDS-PAGE analyses showed that two chitinase were constitutively expressed while E. coli clones expressing two chitinases simultaneously increased halo size on colloidal chitin plate. Furthermore, the chitinolytic activities were much enhanced in coexpressed clones when degradation patterns of substrate analogues such as 4-MU-(NAG), $4-MU-(NAG)_2$,$4-MU-(NAG)_3$ were used. Consequently, the combined use of endochitinase and chitobiosidase greatly increased overall chitinolytic activities on recombinant E. coli clones.

  • PDF

Ethylene glycol chitin을 이용한 진드기 H. longicornis 재조합 CHT1 단백의 키틴분해능 검정 연구 (A simple and sensitive assay for chitinolytic activity of the recombinant CHT1 proteins from the hard tick H. longicornis using ethylene glycol chitin)

  • 유명조;고조 후지사끼
    • 대한수의학회지
    • /
    • 제43권1호
    • /
    • pp.145-150
    • /
    • 2003
  • To determine effectively the chitinolytic activity of rCHT1 from the hard tick H. longicornis expressed in baculovirus-mediated Spodoptera frugtperda (Sf) 9 cells, a simple and sensitive assay system was established in solid phase using agarose gel containing ethylene glycol chitin as substrate. The various factors affecting the efficacy of the assay were also investigated. The effects of various temperature, dosages of proteins, pH of media and time courses of reaction were examined to verify the sensitivity of assay for chitinolytic activity of rCHT1 protein. It was found that the optimal reactive conditions were $37^{\circ}C$ of temperature, 12 to 15 hours of reactive times, $0.1{\mu}g$ of protein concentration and pH 5 to 7 of media. Using the assay system designed, the functional activities of H. longicornis rCHT1l protein could be evaluated simply and sensitively.

버섯 폐배지로부터 분리한 방선균 균주 CA-23과 AA-65균주의 키틴 분해능력과 항균력 검정 (Estimation of the Chitinolytic and Antifungal Activity of Streptomyces sp. CA-23 and AA-65 isolates Isolated from Waste Mushroom Media)

  • 심창기;김민정;김용기;지형진;홍성준;박종호;한은정;김석철
    • 농약과학회지
    • /
    • 제19권4호
    • /
    • pp.402-410
    • /
    • 2015
  • 본 연구의 목적은 버섯폐배지로부터 분리한 방선균의 키틴 분해 능력과 항균활성능력을 검정하고 선발하기 위함이다. 5종류의 버섯폐배지(팽이버섯, 잎새버섯, 느타리버섯, 신령버섯, 양송이버섯) 중 신령버섯 > 양송이버섯 순으로 방선균이 분리되었다. 버섯 폐배지로부터 전체 91개의 키틴분해 방선균을 분리하였다. 분리한 91개의 균주는 키틴분해 능력과 Phytophthora capsici, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Collectotrichum gloeosporioides, Cladosporium cucumerinum 에 대한 항균력에 따라 크게 3개의 그룹으로 분류하였다. CA-23균주는 강한 키틴 분해능력과 모든 식물병원균에 대해 항균력을 보이는 대표적인 균주로 선발하였고 반면에 AA-65 균주는 키틴 분해능력은 없지만 모든 식물 병원균에 대한 강한 항균력을 보이는 대표적인 균주로 선발하였다. 실내시험에서 CA-23 균주와 AA-65 균주는 오이 역병, 흰가루병, 검은별무늬병을 효과적으로 방제하였다. CA-23 균주는 높은 방제가를 보인 반면 AA-65 균주는 병 방제효과뿐만 아니라 식물생육과 수량을 지속적으로 증가시켰다. 비록 두 균주의 식물병 방제효과 유사하지만 두 균주 사이의 작용기작은 서로 다를 것으로 사료된다. 향후 작용기작과 적용방법에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

Distribution of chitinases and characterization of two chitinolytic enzymes from one-year-old Korean Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) roots

  • Moon, Jong-Kook;Han, Beom-Ku;Kim, T. Doo-Hun;Jo, Do-Hyun
    • BMB Reports
    • /
    • 제43권11호
    • /
    • pp.726-731
    • /
    • 2010
  • We report the tissue-specific distribution of chitinolytic activity in Korean ginseng root and characterize two 31-kDa chitinolytic enzymes. These two enzymes (SBF1 and SBF2) were purified 70- and 81-fold with yields of 0.75 and 1.25%, respectively, and exhibited optimal pH and temperature ranges of 5.0-5.5 and 40-$50^{\circ}C$. With [$^3H$]-chitin as a substrate, $K_m$ and $V_{max}$ values of SBF1 were 4.6 mM and 220 mmol/mg-protein/h, respectively, while those of SBF2 were 7.14 mM and 287 mmol/mg-protein/h. The purified enzymes showed markedly less activity with p-nitrophenyl-N-acetylglucosaminide and fluorescent 4-methylumbelliferyl glycosides of D-N-acetylglucosamine oligomers than with [$^3H$]-chitin. End-product inhibition of both enzymes demonstrated that both are endochitinases with different N-acetylglucosaminidase activity. Furthermore, the $NH_2$-terminal sequence of SBF1 showed a high degree of homology with other plant chitinases whereas the $NH_2$-terminal amino acid of SBF2 was blocked.

양식 볼락류에서 비특이적 방어인자의 활성 (Activities of non-specific defense factors in cultured oblong rockfish(Sebastes oblongus) and rockfish(S. schlegeli))

  • 김진도;변순규;박성우;김은희
    • 한국어병학회지
    • /
    • 제21권3호
    • /
    • pp.247-257
    • /
    • 2008
  • To understand the activity of non-specific defence factors in cultured Sebastes, the antibacterial effect of the serum, skin mucus and homogenate of various organs from cultured oblong rockfish (Sebastes oblongus) and rockfish(Sebastes schlegeli) against pathogenic bacteria, Aeromonas hydrophila, Edwardsiella tarda, Vibrio anguillarum, and Streptococcus sp. was compared with that of flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus) and seabass(Leteolabrax japonicus). And the activities of proteolytic enzyme, chitinolytic enzyme and haemolycin as non-specific defence factor were investigated on the oblong rockfish and rockfish. Samples from oblong rockfish showed the highest antibacterial activity by lysoplate assay on agar plate mixed with pathogens, followed in descending order by rockfish, seabass, and flounder. Turbidimetric assay was carried to evaluate the lysozyme activity of fish samples against lyophilized cells of Micrococcus lysodeiktikus. The serum, kidney, liver, stomach, intestine and eyeball of oblong rockfish and the mucus and gill of rockfish appeared to have the highest lysozyme activity among the fish strains investigated. All samples except skin mucus, liver, and eyeball of oblong rockfish and rockfish showed proteolytic enzyme activity. Chitinolytic enzyme activity was showed in random sampling and haemolytic activity was remarkable in oblong rockfish. Therefore, Sebastes strain was proved to have effective defense mechanisms based on the antibacterial activities, and lysozyme, proteolytic enzyme, chitinolytic enzyme, and haemolycin were considered to act as the non-specific defence factor of Sebastes.

Gamma Radiation Induced Mutagenesis of Lysobacter enzymogenes for Enhanced Chitinolytic Activity

  • Lee, Young-Keun;Kim, Kyoung Youl;Senthilkumar, M.
    • 방사선산업학회지
    • /
    • 제4권1호
    • /
    • pp.65-71
    • /
    • 2010
  • Two chitinase producing strains CHI2 and CHI4 were isolated from soybean rhizosphere soil. Both the strains belonged to Lysobacter enzymogenes as indicated by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Though strain CHI2 and CHI4 produced extracellular chitinase, they differ in their chitinolytic activity. CHI4 produced approximately three times the higher amounts of enzyme than that of CHI2 under specified conditions. CHI2 produced $535.67U\;l^{-1}$ of chitinase after 48 h incubation with a specific activity of $3.91U\;mg^{-1}$ of protein while strain CHI4 produced $1584.13U\;l^{-1}$ of chitinase with a specific activity of $10.88U\;mg^{-1}$ protein. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the molecular weight of chitinase enzyme was approximately 45 kDa. A faint band with a molecular weight of 55 kDa reveals the possibility for the presence of another kind of chitin binding protein. Mutant library was developed by exposing the isolates to gamma rays at their $LD_{99}$ value (0.23 kGy). Totally, 11 mutants of CHI2 and CHI4 are reported to have enhanced chitinase activity. Several leaky mutant clones with decreased enzyme activity and a defective mutant (CHI2-M16) with complete loss of chitinase activity were also identified. CHI4-M18, CHI4-M8 and CHI4-M29 showed 78.8, 41.5, and 31.9% increased chitinase activity over wild type CHI4.