• Computers and Concrete
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.7-17
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• 2017

In Chinese Design Codes, for super high-rise buildings with complex structural distribution, which are regarded as code-exceeding buildings, elasto-plastic time history analysis is needed to validate the requirement of "no collapse under rare earthquake". In this paper, a 117-story super high-rise building is discussed. It has a height of 597 m and a height-width ratio of 9.5, which have both exceeded the limitations stipulated by the Chinese Design Codes. Mega columns adopted in this structure have cross section area of about $45m^2$ at the bottom, which is infrequent in practical projects. NosaCAD and Perform-3D, both widely used in nonlinear analyses, were chosen in this study, with which two model were established and analyzed, respectively. Elasto-plastic time history analysis was conducted to look into its seismic behavior, emphasizing on the stress state and deformation abilities under intensive seismic excitation.From the comparisons on the results under rare earthquake obtained from NosaCAD and Perform-3D, the overall responses such as roof displacement, inter story drift, base shear and damage pattern of the whole structure from each software show agreement to an extent. Besides, the deformation of the structure is below the limitation of the Chinese Codes, the time sequence and distribution of damages on core tubes are reasonable, and can dissipate certain inputted energy, which indicates that the structure can meet the requirement of "no collapse under rare earthquake".

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.4795-4800
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• 2014

Background: Few studies have directly compared clinical efficacy and safety among Chinese herb injections (CHIs) for gastric cancer (GC). The present study aimed to compare CHIs combined with FOLFOX regimens for GC to show which provides the best CHIs results. Materials and Methods: 9 electronic databases and 6 gray literature databases were comprehensive searched in April 20, 2013. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, two reviewers independently selected and assessed the included trials. The risk of bias tool described in the Cochrane Handbook version 5.1.0 and CONSORT statement were used to assess the quality of the trials. All calculations and graphs were performed and produced using ADDIS 1.16.5 software. Results: A total of 541 records were searched and 38 RCTs met the inclusion criteria (2,761 participants), involving 10 CHIs. The results of network meta-analysis showed that compared with FOLFOX alone, combinations with Kanglaite, Astragalus polysaccharides, Cinobufacini, or Yadanziyouru injections could furthest strengthen ORR, improve the quality of life, reduce nausea and vomiting, and reduce the incidence of leukopenia (III-IV). Conclusions: Kanglaite injection, Astragalus polysaccharides injection, Yadanziyouru injection were superior to other CHIs in clinical efficacy and safety for GC. The conclusions now need to be confirmed by large sample size direct head-to-head studies.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2017

Objectives To summarize and evaluate the efficacy of traditional Chinese herbal medicine (TCHM) treatment for antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD). Methods Eight electronic databases were searched from their inception to August 2017. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of TCHM treatment for AAD were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. Data analysis was performed using RevMan software version 5.3. Results Seventeen RCTs involving 1138 patients with AAD were included for qualitative synthesis. TCHM treatment improved total effective rate (TER). However, the results that TER in experimental group was significantly higher than in control group were different between the included studies. TCHM enema treatment improved TER, but not significantly higher than control group. The most frequently used herbal formulas were Gamiwekwanjeon, Gamiinsampaedoksan, and Samryungbaekchulsan. The most frequently used TCHMs were Atractylodes macrocephala (Bai Zhu), Dioscorea batatas (Shan Yao). Within the studies documenting the adverse events, no serious adverse events associated with TCHM treatment were observed. Conclusions Evidence of TCHM treatment efficacy for AAD is encouraging, but not conclusive, because of the low methodological qualities, diversity of TCHM treatment prescriptions. Further well-designed RCTs with rigorous randomization and blinding method are needed to confirm these results.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.3871-3874
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• 2015

Objective: To investigate any association of the miRNA146a rs2910164 C>G polymorphism with head and neck cancer risk. Materials and Methods: The Medline, PubMed, PUBMED, EMBASE, Web of Science, WanFang and CNKI databases were searched and a meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.2 software. Results: After searching and evaluating the literature, a total seven papers involving 2,766 patients with head and neck cancer and 6,603 healthy controls were included into this meta analysis. The results showed that there were no significant differences between patients and healthy controls overall for the miRNA rs2910164 C>G gene polymorphism (dominant model:OR=0.78, 95%CI:0.58-1.04, P=0.09; recessive model:OR=0.86, 95%CI:0.67-1.12, P=0.27;GG:CC:OR=0.75, 95%CI:0.52-1.08, P=0.12;GC:CC:OR=0.79, 95%CI:0.60-1.04, P=0.10). However, a significant association of miRNA rs2910164 C>G gene polymorphism with Chinese head and neck cancer risk was noted, limited to the dominant model (OR=0.68, 95%CI:0.50-0.95, P=0.02;GG:CC:OR=0.62, 95%CI:0.42-0.92, P=0.02;GC:CC:OR=0.72, 95%CI:0.520.99, P=0.04). Conclusions: miRNA146a rs2910164 C>G polymorphism is not associated with head and neck cancer risk in general, but tehre may be link in Chinese.

• Asia Pacific Journal of Business Review
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.27-60
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• 2022

Previous studies stated that low carbon innovation performance could be influenced by government regulations and the green market, which is the new trend of consumer consumption in the present time, mainly focusing on external factors. Before study augured that low carbon innovation performance could be driven by internal and external factors of cooperation such as institutional pressure, stakeholder pressure, and innovation resources. However, the study of green transformational leadership and organizational environmental culture on low carbon innovation performance is rare, especially in Chinese manufacturing, as well as the effect of influencing factors of TPB model: environmental attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavior capability on low carbon innovation performance. Previous studies mostly used the TPB model for predicting individual behavior. This study established a theoretical model combining the TPB model with green transformational leadership and organizational environmental culture of Chinese automobile manufacturing on low carbon innovation performance. This study consists of two sections of research methodology: section 1 related to questionnaire design and data collection. We established a questionnaire and distributed it online, targeting responses from the managerial level working in Chinese automobile manufacturing. Eventually, 155 valid questionnaires were used for analysis. Section 2 involved data analysis using statistical software. Reliability and data validity was examined by reliability analysis and factor analysis. Correlations and convergent validity analyses were applied, and structural equation modeling was conducted to test the proposed hypotheses. The findings indicated that green transformational leadership, organizational environmental culture, and essential factors of TPB model; environmental attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavior capability positively affect low carbon innovation performance. In addition, the indirect effect of green transformational leadership was tested and found that organizational environmental culture and TPB factors mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and low carbon innovation performance.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.186-191
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• 2012

붉은배새매($Accipiter$ $soloensis$)는 국내에서 가장 흔히 번식하는 맹금류에 해당함에도 불구하고, 이 종의 번식기 공간이용에 대한 정보는 부족한 실정이다. 붉은배새매의 번식기 세력권과 행동권을 파악하기 위하여 국내에서 번식하는 6쌍(2005년 4쌍, 2006년 2쌍)의 수컷을 6월부터 7월까지 관찰하였다. 이를 통해 수컷이 3회 이상 반복적으로 이용하는 주요 지점과 명확한 세력권 방어 행동을 보이는 지점을 확인하고, 이를 GIS 프로그램으로 분석하였다. 확인된 $25.2{\pm}5.3$개 지점을 중심으로 100% 최소다각형법(minimum convex polygon)을 이용하여 분석한 결과, 붉은배새매의 번식기 세력권은 $4.62{\pm}0.90$ ha, 행동권은 $22.57{\pm}5.12$ ha에 해당하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 확인된 붉은배새매의 세력권과 행동권은 비록 기존에 보고된 값보다 넓었으나, 전체 번식기에 걸쳐 이용하는 절대적인 공간 규모가 여전히 작다는 점을 보여준다. 이는 붉은배새매가 먹이를 제공할 수 있는 좁은 서식지, 특히 0.6-2.0 ha에 불과한 논에서 발생할 수 있는 환경 변화나 자원 고갈에도 상당히 취약할 수 있다는 것을 의미한다. 본 연구는 관찰을 통한 세력권 추정에 해당하지만, 붉은배새매의 보전과 관리, 향후 연구를 위한 기초연구로서의 중요성이 있다고 판단된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권20호
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• pp.8765-8774
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• 2014

This study aimed at summarizing epidemiological research findings on associations between tobacco, alcohol and tea consumption and risk of gastric cancer (GC) in the Chinese population. The review searched PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and China Biology Medicine (CBM) databases and reference lists of review papers for all studies published in English or Chinese languages. Information extracted, via two independent researchers, from retrieved articles included first author, year of publication, study design, sample size, source of controls and adjusted odds ratio (OR) or relative risk (RR) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each category. Statistical analyses used software STATA version 12.0. The systematic search found 89 articles containing 25,821 GC cases and 135,298 non-cases. The overall random effects in terms of pooled OR and 95%CI for tobacco, alcohol and tea consumption were 1.62 (95%CI: 1.50-1.74), 1.57 (95%CI: 1.41-1.76) and 0.67 (95%CI: 0.59-0.76) respectively; while the heterogeneity among included studies ranged from 80.1% to 87.5%. The majority of subgroup analyses revealed consistent results with the overall analyses. All three behavioral factors showed statistically significant dose-dependent effects on GC (P<0.05). The study revealed that tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking were associated with over 1/2 added risk of GC, while tea drinking conferred about 1/3 lower risk of GC in the Chinese population. However, these results should be interpreted with caution given the fact that most of the included studies were based on a retrospective design and heterogeneity among studies was relatively high.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.7-20
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• 2023

The compositions of ethnic groups in Macau vary with time. Prior to the opening of the port, the majority of the residents in Macau were Chinese people, including those living on land and at sea. After the port was opened, with the increase of Portugal businessmen and missionaries, the population was divided into Chinese people and foreigners (so-called 'Yiren' or 夷人 in Chinese). Chinese people living on land were mainly of Hakka, Fujian, and Cantonese descent. Those living at sea were referred to as 'Tanka People' (named 'Danmin' or 蜑民in Chinese). They lived on floating boats for their entire lives and were similar to the 'drifters' in Japan. Since modern times, many refugees from mainland China and Southeast Asia flooded into Macau due to warfare. The development of industrialization required a larger number of laborers, and some 'coolies' entered Macau in legal or illegal ways, making it a multi-ethnic city. However, the Tanka people were not considered a minority ethnic group under the national ethnic policy of 56 ethnic groups since they did not have an exclusive language and shared dialects in different regions. As the ports inhabited by Tanka people gradually restored foreign trade, the boats and stilt houses used by Tanka people were dismantled to expand the infrastructure area of the ports. Many Tanka people began to live on land and marry people on land, leading to the disappearance of the Tanka group in Macau. The fishing boats and stilt houses used by Tanka people have also disappeared, with only a few remaining in areas such as Pearl River Delta and Hong Kong. This paper examines the natural and social environment of Tanka people in Macau from the Ming and Qing dynasties to the Republic of China, as well as the adaptive changes they adopted for the aforementioned environment in terms of living space and architectural type, on the basis of summarizing the historical activities of Tanka people. Finally, this study provides a layout plan and interior structure of the most commonly used boat for Tanka people from the Ming and Qing dynasties to the Republic of China, with the use of CAD and other technical software, along with reference to written historical documentation, and provides a case study for further research on the architectural history of Macau's inner harbor cities, from anthropological and folklore perspectives.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.301-308
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• 2013

충남지역 대학에 재학 중인 중국인 유학생과 미국인 유학생을 대상으로 탕평채에 대한 인상, 기호도, 개선점을 조사하여 중국인과 미국인의 기호에 맞는 탕평채 개발에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 중국인 유학생은 탕평채에 대한 첫 인상에 비해 시식 후의 인상이 유의적으로 높았으며(p<0.05), 미국인 유학생의 탕평채에 대한 첫 인상과 시식 후의 인상 간에는 차이가 없었다. 탕평채를 시식한 후의 인상이 좋았던 이유로 중국인 유학생은 '맛이 좋아서' 35.3%, '식재료가 좋아서' 13.7%이었으며 미국인 유학생은 '맛이 좋아서' 31.6%, '향이 좋아서' 15.9%이었다. 따라서 중국인 유학생과 미국인 유학생이 탕평채를 시식 한 후 좋았던 주 된 이유는 '맛이 좋아서'인 것을 알 수 있었다. 탕평채의 관능적 특성(색깔, 외관, 맛, 향, 텍스처)에 대한 기호도 및 전반적인 선호도를 조사한 결과 색깔에 대한 기호도는 여학생이 남학생에 비해, 3년-4년 미만 거주한 학생이 1년 미만 거주한 학생에 비해, 중국인 유학생이 미국인 유학생에 비해 더 높았다(p<0.05). 중국인 유학생은 미국인 유학생에 비해 외관, 향, 텍스처에 대한 기호도가 높았으나 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다. 전반적인 선호도는 중국인 유학생이 미국인 유학생에 비해 다소 높았으나 유의적 차이는 없었으며 모두 '좋다' 정도의 비교적 높은 선호도를 보였다. 탕평채의 기호도를 높이기 위해 가장 개선해야 할 점으로 중국인 유학생은 '맛'이 54.9%로 가장 많았으며 다음으로는 '식재료'(19.5%)이었다. 심층면접에서 '짠맛과 매운맛의 조절', '고기 사용량의 조절', '붉은색 식재료의 사용' 등의 개선방안이 제안되어 중국인들이 선호하는 향신료를 사용하여 매콤한맛과 짭짤한맛을 강하게 조절하고 고기의 사용량 증가, 붉은색 재료의 사용 등을 통해 중국인들의 기호에 맞는 탕평채 개발이 가능한 것으로 여겨진다. 한편 미국인 유학생은 '텍스처'라고 답한 조사대상자의 비율이 가장 높았으며 심층면접에 의해 탕평채의 기호도 향상방안을 조사한 결과 '다양한 채소의 사용', '묵의 부드러운 정도 조절', '제공온도 조절' 등의 의견이 제시되어 웰빙 건강식을 추구하는 미국인(특히 채식주의자) 들을 위해 고기를 넣지 않고 미국인들이 선호하는 채소를 사용한 탕평채 개발, 묵의 텍스처 보완, 제공온도의 조절 등을 통해 미국 현지인의 입맛을 사로잡기에 충분할 것으로 파악되었다. 2000년대 초에 시작된 에스닉푸드(ethnic food)와 건강식에 대한 인기는 미국을 비롯한 전세계적으로 확산되어 가고 있다. 따라서 탕평채만의 독특한 한국적인 맛과 멋을 살리면서 중국이나 미국 현지에서 즐기는 향신료와 식재료를 접목시켜 중국인이나 미국인의 기호에 맞는 탕평채를 개발함으로써 경쟁력 있는 대표 한식으로 발전될 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.449-456
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• 2014

본 연구는 직무스트레스가 이직의도에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 규명하였다. 본 연구에서는 선행연구를 바탕으로 직무스트레스를 독립변수, 직무소진을 매개변수, 이직의도를 종속변수로 설정하였다. 소프트웨어 개발자는 직무스트레스를 상대적으로 많이 경험하며, 직무소진에 대한 경향성이 현저하여 본 연구의 대상으로 삼았다. 실증분석 결과 직무스트레스가 심화될수록 직무소진의 정도가 높아지며, 직무스트레스는 직무소진을 매개로 하여 이직의도에 보다 큰 영향을 미친다는 사실을 밝혀내었다. 이에 따라 기업의 관리자는 구성원이 직무스트레스를 경험하지 않도록 직무재설계와 같은 인사관리의 구조적인 측면에 노력을 기울이는 것이 필요하다.