• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.1047-1052
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• 2004

The genomes of Chinese native chicken populations were screened using microsatellites as molecular markers. A total of, 528 individuals comprisede12 Chinese native chicken populations were typed for 7 microsatellite markers covering 5 linkage groups and genetic variations and genetic distances were also determined. In the 7 microsatellite loci, the number of alleles ranged from 2 to 7 per locus and the mean number of alleles was 4.6 per locus. By using fuzzy cluster, 12 Chinese native chicken populations were divided into three clusters. The first cluster comprised Taihe Silkies, Henan Game Chicken, Langshan Chicken, Dagu Chicken, Xiaoshan Chicken, Beijing Fatty Chicken and Luyuan Chicken. The second cluster included Chahua Chicken, Tibetan Chicken, Xianju Chicken and Baier Chicken. Gushi Chicken formed a separate cluster and demonstrated a long distance when comparing with other chicken populations.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.323-333
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• 2013

This study investigated the geographic and pairwise distances of nine Chinese local Cashmere goat populations through the analysis of 20 microsatellite DNA markers. Fluorescence PCR was used to identify the markers, which were selected based on their significance as identified by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the International Society for Animal Genetics (ISAG). In total, 206 alleles were detected; the average allele number was 10.30; the polymorphism information content of loci ranged from 0.5213 to 0.7582; the number of effective alleles ranged from 4.0484 to 4.6178; the observed heterozygosity was from 0.5023 to 0.5602 for the practical sample; the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.5783 to 0.6464; and Allelic richness ranged from 4.7551 to 8.0693. These results indicated that Chinese Cashmere goat populations exhibited rich genetic diversity. Further, the Wright's F-statistics of subpopulation within total (FST) was 0.1184; the genetic differentiation coefficient (GST) was 0.0940; and the average gene flow (Nm) was 2.0415. All pairwise FST values among the populations were highly significant (p<0.01 or p<0.001), suggesting that the populations studied should all be considered to be separate breeds. Finally, the clustering analysis divided the Chinese Cashmere goat populations into at least four clusters, with the Hexi and Yashan goat populations alone in one cluster. These results have provided useful, practical, and important information for the future of Chinese Cashmere goat breeding.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.377-384
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• 2019

Genomic DNA extracted from representatives of two populations, Gunsan and Chinese, of Urechis spp. was amplified using PCR with several primers. The band-sharing (BS) value between individuals no. 05 from the Gunsan population and no. 22 from the Chinese population was 0.206, which was the lowest recognized value. Oligonucleotides primer OPC-04 revealed 44 unique loci, which distinguished the Chinese population. Primer OPB-17 allowed the discovery of 22 loci shared by the two populations, which were present in all samples. Based on the average BS results, individuals from the Gunsan population demonstrated lower BS values (0.661±0.012) than did those from the Chinese population (0.788±0.014; p<0.05). The shortest genetic distance (GD) displaying a noteworthy molecular difference was between individuals CHINESE no. 12 and no. 13 (GD=0.027). Individual no. 06 from the Gunsan population was most distantly related to CHINESE no. 22 (GD=0.703). A group tree of the two populations was constructed by UPGMA Euclidean GD analysis based on a total of 543 fragments generated using six primers. The explicit markers recognized in this study will be used for genetic analysis, as well as to evaluate the species security and proliferation of echiuran individuals in intertidal regions of the Korean Peninsula.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권19호
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• pp.8311-8317
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• 2014

Background: Evidence supporting an association between the 8q24 rs4242382-A polymorphism and prostate cancer (PCa) risk has been reported in North American and Europe populations, though data from Asian populations remain limited. We therefore investigated this association by clinical detection in China, and meta-analysis in Asian, Caucasian and African-American populations. Materials and Methods: Blood samples and clinical information were collected from ethnically Chinese men from Northern China with histologically-confirmed PCa (n=335) and from age-matched normal controls (n=347). The 8q24 (rs4242382) gene polymorphism was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-high-resolution melting analysis. We initially analyzed the associations between the risk allele and PCa and clinical covariates. A meta-analysis was then performed using genotyping data from a total of 1,793 PCa cases and 1,864 controls from our study and previously published studies in American and European populations, to determine the association between PCa and risk genotype. Results: The incidence of the risk allele was higher in PCa cases than controls (0.222 vs 0.140, $P=7.3{\times}10^{-5}$), suggesting that the 8q24 rs4242382-A polymorphism was associated with PCa risk in Chinese men. The genotypes in subjects were in accordance with a dominant genetic model (ORadj=2.03, 95%CI: 1.42-2.91, $Padj=1.1{\times}10^{-4}$). Presence of the risk allele rs4242382-A at 8q24 was also associated with clinical covariates including age at diagnosis ${\geq}65$ years, prostate specific antigen >10 ng/ml, Gleason score <8, tumor stage and aggressive PCa, compared with the non-risk genotype ($P=4.6{\times}10^{-5}-3.0{\times}10^{-2}$). Meta-analysis confirmed the association between 8q24 rs4242382-A polymorphism and PCa risk (OR=1.62, 95%CI: 1.39-1.88, $P=1.0{\times}10^{-5}$) across Asian, Caucasian and African American populations. Conclusions: The replicated data suggest that the 8q24 rs4242382-A variation might be associated with increased PCa susceptibility in Asian, Caucasian and African American populations. These results imply that this polymorphism may be a useful risk biomarker for PCa in multi-ethnic populations.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.1219-1222
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• 2004

The genetic diversities of 10 Chinese pig populations were analyzed by using microsatellite DNA polymorphisms. The results showed that the mean heterozygosities of the 10 populations were between 0.4561 and 0.6446, the mean polymorphism information contents were 0.4241-0.6184 and the mean effective number of alleles were 2.4295-3.7573. These indicated that the genetic diversity of local Chinese pigs was high. The clustering of the 10 populations was nearly inaccordance with their geographical distributions.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2009

Genomic DNA samples isolated from four geographical freshwater crab (Eriocheir sinensis) populations collected in the inland of the Korean Peninsula (Gunsan, Paju, and Nampo) and a Chinese site, were used for PCR amplification. Seven decamer primers generated 19 specific loci (19/243 loci, 7.81%) in the Gunsan population, 32 (32/215 loci, 14.88%) in the Paju population, 19 (19/231 loci, 8.23%) in the Nampo population and 62 (62/340 loci, 18.24%) in a Chinese population. The average 8.9 specific loci exhibited inter-individual-specific characteristics, thus revealing DNA polymorphisms in the Chinese population. The number of unique shared loci to each population and number of shared loci by the four populations were generated by molecular analysis using seven primers in four populations. 35 unique shared loci to each population, with an average of 5.0 per primer, were observed in the Gunsan population, and 50 loci, with an average of 7.1 per primer, were observed in the Chinese population. The hierarchical dendrogram indicates three main branches: cluster 1 (GUNSAN 01$\sim$GUNSAN 05, PAJU 06$\sim$PAJU 10 and NAMPO 11$\sim$NAMPO 15) and cluster 2 (CHINESE 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20). Conclusively individual no. 20 of the PAJU 10 freshwater crab was most distantly related to CHINESE no. 20 (genetic distance = 0.667). Taken together, these results demonstrate the potential of RAPD analysis to identify diagnostic markers for the identification of four freshwater crab populations.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.776-783
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• 2008

In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of six duck populations by employing the genetic polymorphisms of 20 microsatellites. The parameters used in this study included number of alleles, average effective numbers of alleles (E) and average rates of heterozygosity of each population. The results showed that all the microsatellite loci were highly polymorphic except that the locus AJ515896 in Muscovy duck was 0. The average PIC (0.762), average h (0.7843) and average E (5.261) of the six duck populations were all high, indicating that the gene polymorphisms and genetic diversity were high. The test of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium showed that the six populations in this study were all in Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium. The F-statistic analysis results showed the range of FST was from 0.0205 (AJ515895) to 0.2558 (AJ515896). The mean FST was 0.0936. Phylogenetic study revealed that Peking duck (Z1 and Z4), Shaoxing duck, Cherry Valley duck and Aobaixing duck were clustered in one group, while the Muscovy duck was clustered in one group alone. The phylogenetic relationships among different populations were in accordance with their breeding history and distribution. Our data suggested that the 20 microsatellite loci were effective markers for analysis of genetic relationships among duck populations.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.315-320
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• 2012

The gDNA isolated from Cyclina sinensis from Gochang (GOCHANG), Incheon (INCHEON) and a Chinese site (CHINESE), were amplified by PCR. Here, the seven oligonucleotide decamer primers (BION-66, BION-68, BION-72, BION-73, BION-74, BION-76, and BION-80) were used to generate the unique shared loci to each population and shared loci by the three cyclina clam populations. As regards multiple comparisons of average bandsharing value results, cyclina clam population from Chinese (0.763) exhibited higher bandsharing values than did clam from Incheon (0.681). In this study, the dendrogram obtained by the seven decamer primers indicates three genetic clusters: cluster 1 (GOCHANG 01~GOCHANG 07), cluster 2 (INCHEON 08~INCHEON 14), cluster 3 (CHINESE 15~CHINESE 21). The shortest genetic distance that displayed significant molecular differences was between individuals 15 and 17 from the Chinese cyclina clam (0.049), while the longest genetic distance among the twenty-one cyclina clams that displayed significant molecular differences was between individuals GOCHANG no. 03 and INCHEON no. 12 (0.575). Individuals of Incheon cyclina clam population was somewhat closely related to that of Chinese cyclina clam population. In conclusion, our PCR analysis revealed a significant genetic distance among the three cyclina clam populations.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.167-172
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• 2014

In the present study, muscle tissues were obtained separately from individuals from Atlantic hairtail population (AHP), Gunsan hairtail population (GHP) and Chinese hairtail population (CHP), respectively. The seven decamer primers were used to generate the shared loci, specific, unique shared loci to each population and shared loci by the three hairtail populations. Here, averagely, a decamer primer generated 64.7 amplified products per primer in the AHP population, 55.7 in GHP population and 56.4 in CHP population. The number of unique shared loci to each population and number of shared loci by the three populations generated by genetic analysis using 7 decamer primers in AHP, GHP and CHP population. 119 unique shared loci to each population, with an average of 17 per primer, were observed in the AHP population, and 28 loci, with an average of 4 per primer, were observed in the CHP population. The hierarchical dendrogram point out three main branches: cluster 1 (ATLANTIC 01 ~ ATLANTIC 07), cluster 2 (GUNSAN 08 ~ GUNSAN 14) and cluster 3 (CHINESE 15 ~ CHINESE 21). The shortest genetic distance displaying significant molecular difference was between individuals' CHINESE no. 16 and CHINESE no. 18 (0.045). In the long run, individual no. 01 of the AHP population was most distantly related to CHINESE no. 19 (genetic distance = 0.430). Consequently, PCR analysis generated on the genetic data displayed that the geographic AHP population was widely separated from CHP population, while individuals of CHP population were fairly closely related to those of GHP population.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.180-185
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• 2010

We investigated genetic diversity among and within the populations of cultivated ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer ) using SRAP profiles. A total of 24 ginseng plants were sampled from the three populations (two from China, one from Korea). Since all these populations are previously shown closely related to each other assister groups, we used Panax quinquefolium L. and wild ginseng as a reference species, which is not "within the sister group". All individuals from the three populations were screened with a total of 36 primer pairs with 26 primers generated from 328 SRAP bands of DNA gels. The mean gene diversity ($H_E$) was estimated to be 0.057 within populations (range 0.032-0.067), and 0.086 at the species level. The genetic differentiation (Gst=0.31) indicates that genetic variation apportioned 30% among populations and 70% within populations. Generally, the result of this study indicates that ginseng contains high molecular variation in its populations.