• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.43
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• pp.173-202
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• 2021

During the Korean War, China dispatched 'the Anti-US and Pro-Joseon Comfort' group to North Korea 3 times. The purpose of the comfort group was to comfort the Chinese People's Supporting Soldiers and Joseon People's Army fighting the US imperial forces and at the same time, inform them of China's situation to booster their morale. Another purpose was to promote the socialism construction projects in the new China. Namely, China wanted to propagate various heroic achievements of the Chinese soldiers and accuse the US imperialist soldiers and thereby, inspire Chinese people's international sense and patriotism for the new China to mobilize the people for the war and promote the construction of the new China effectively. The comfort group consisted of diverse classes (laborers, farmers, intellectuals, women, students, soldiers, etc.) in various areas such as politics, military, ethnic, society, culture, education, etc. Their activities were conducted in various forms such as consolation, legwork, meeting and performances. Their activities were full of anger and compassion, sacrifice and emotion, battle and romance, impression and comfort. Such emotion was delivered intact to the Chinese people through the comfort group's propaganda activities back home in China. The Anti-US and Pro-Joseon Comfort' group revealed their identity of socialists New China in terms of their organization and their specific performances. Their identity claimed for democracy and equality, internationalism empathizing world peace and solidarity of the proletariats, and patriotism supporting the communists regime. The comfort group played a role in propagating such identity of new China effectively by crossing the border. It was a political and cultural performance that stipulated the political meaning of the Anti-US and Pro-Joseon Chosun Comfort' group

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.581-584
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• 2014

Skin is the soft outer covering of vertebrates. In mammals, the skin is the largest organ of the integumentary system made up of multiple layers of ectodermal tissue, and guards the underlying muscles, bones, ligaments and internal organs. There is a difference of the physiological function and anatomical structure of the skin, as body parts, sex, age, race and nutritional status. In this study, we measured the moisturizing ability of the skin of the 20s Chinese and Korea in Korean. We found that the skin hydrating of Chinese is significantly higher than Korean and TEWL of Chinese is lower than Korean. We measured the moisturizing ability of both 20s Chinese and Korean. As result, the moisturizing ability of 20s Chinese is better than Korean.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.499-503
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• 2012

The present study was based on the unexpected discovery that norcantharidin exerted anti-angiogenesis activity when effects on growth of human colon cancer were studied. The aim was to further verify this finding and explore possible mechanisms using a tumor xenograft model in nude mice. We confirmed that norcantharidin (5 or 15 mg/kg) could inhibit angiogenesis of human colon cancer in vivo. In vitro, crossing river assay, cell adhesion assay and tube formation assay indicated that NCTD could reduce the migration, adhesion and vascular network tube formation ability of HUVECs. At the same time, the expression levels of VEGF and VEGFR-2 proteins which play important roles in angiogenesis were reduced as examined by western blotting analysis. Taken together, the results firstly showed NCTD could inhibit angiogenesis of human colon cancer in vivo, probably associated with effects on migration, adhesion and vascular network tube formation of HUVECs and expression levels of VEGF and VEGFR-2 proteins.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Costume Conference
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• 2001.08a
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• pp.59-61
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• 2001

Along with the development of culture, dress of the Chinese people has also evolved over the last several thousand years, transcending its original functions of covering and protecting the body. As a result it has risen to become a complicated system of symbols full of intricate meanings. According to de Saussure's theory of "signs," signs are represented by the elements signified (meaning) (referent) and signifiant (sound) (exponent). "Phoenix crowns" were the headpieces most highly esteemed by women in ancient China. Actually, the name "phoenix crown" points to the fact that the headpiece is adorned with a phoenix design. The history and symbolism of the phoenix crown's use as a headpiece in Chinese weddings spans 1200 years in all, originating in the Qin Dynasty (241-210 BC) as a phoenix hairpin, evolving into the phoenix crown during the Song Dynasty (960-1276 AD), and continuing through the Ming and Qing Dynasties (1644-1911 AD), and the modem republic. It is not simply an ornamental headpiece, but instead represents the thousands of years or rich inner meaning the Chinese attribute to "dragons" and "phoenixes." This paper depicts the glorious past of phoenix crowns, using the metaphor and metonymy theories of semiology and semantics, and through the cross-verification of literature research archeological findings and reports, and old Chinese wedding photographs, in order to examine the inherent meanings of the phoenix crown in the Chinese culture.nings of the phoenix crown in the Chinese culture.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.25-34
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• 2014

Purpose - This study aims to investigate Korean distribution enterprises' entry into the Chinese market. By studying Korean companies' strategy and current situation in the Chinese retail market and analyzing Lotte Mart's strategy, this study was aimed at identifying comprehensive strategies for Korean companies striving to expand in China's retail market. Research design, data, and methodology - A case study approach is used, focusing on the three northeastern provinces in China, and examining global firms' entry into the Chinese market. The study employed a direct survey and a literature review. Results - Korean distribution firms' entry into the overseas market is in the inception stage and it should be developed, considering its effects on the national economy and other industries. Conclusion - The cases of E-mart and Lotte Mart, representing Korean distribution firms, showed that they should not rely on scale to succeed in China. Both preliminary analysis and careful strategies are required to ensure success. Considering the high growth potential of the Chinese market, a management strategy that takes account of Chinese people's emotions was needed.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2019

Korean-Chinese is one of the 56 minority groups in the People's Republic of China. Korean-Chinese is the same origin as the Korean Peninsula. In the mid of 19th century, they, who lived in a part of Joseon, suffered with nature disasters and poverty, therefore they offended against the law, immigrated, and started farming in Ching Dynasty, which is northeast China in the present. Later, Korean's individual and mass migrations were happened around coastland of Tumen River and Yalu River with the connivance of the law. This thesis is a consideration of how the Korean-Chinese has adapted before and after the liberation from Japanese colonial era to the Chinese socialism and What their Residential Plan Composition and Plan Types in the village. Based on the field research and literature research, introduces the village history, Plan Composition and sample Plan types. Then, Based on this research, it will be the foundation of the future study of the Korean-Chinese's villages and planning study to conserve the villages.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.253-262
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• 2023

Chinese traditional patterns, which are part of our national precious heritage, have a long history. Tiger culture plays a very important role in folk art. In modern society, it is a symbol of human spirit and morality. The tiger pattern is also a unique traditional pattern in Chinese folklore. From the Spring and Autumn period to modern society, the tiger pattern has evolved in form through thousands of years of development. It is also a representative intangible cultural heritage in contemporary times. It plays a special role in the cultural exchange of different regions, resulting in the generation of the creation of folk art with great local characteristics. Therefore, traditional tiger patterns are an important part of traditional Chinese folk culture and art. In this study, by analyzing the development and evolution history of Chinese traditional tiger patterns, the application methods of Chinese traditional tiger patterns were summarized, the rich cultural connotation, artistic characteristics and application of traditional tiger pattern in modern fashion design were discussed. In contemporary design, the new and improved tiger pattern styles were explored, intangible cultural heritage was interpreted and inherited, and the cultural and artistic values contained therein were extracted. The author combined with modern fashion design, according to people's aesthetic taste and design principles, it is recreated,so that the traditional pattern has certain characteristics of The Times.But at the same time it retains its original character,and the traditional tiger pattern was inherited and the cultural connotation of clothing design was enriched.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.6
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• pp.27-50
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• 2008

This thesis examines contemporary Chinese painting after the Cultural Revolution(1966~76), focusing upon so-called "Chinese Pop art", which I termed as "Socialist Pop art". I considered the art of this period within the broader context of social changes especially after the Tienanmen incident of 1989. After the Cultural Revolution during which idolization of Chairman Mao was at its peak, one of the major changes in communist China was that an anti-Mao wave was generated in almost every social class. For example, novels that revealed the hardships during the Cultural Revolution were published. Posters that openly criticized the Maoism were also produced and displayed on the walls, and demand for democracy spurred widespread activist movements among young generations. These broad social changes were also reflected in art. A variety of art movements were introduced from the West to China, and after a period of experimentation with the new imported styles, artists began to apply the new artistic idiom to their works in order to visualize their own social and political realities they lived in. It was a shift from earlier Socialist Realism to a new expression either directly or indirectly, "Socialist Pop", an amalgam of Socialist Realism and Pop art tradition. After the 1989 crackdown of Tienanmen Square protest, when communist government quelled with brutal measures the students, workers, and ordinary people who rose for democracy, greater urge to protest the Deng Xiaoping regime emerged. This time coincided with the gradual emergence of art using Pop art vocabulary to satirize the social reality, the Socialist Pop art, along with many other art forms all with avant-garde spirit. One of the most frequent subjects of Chinese Pop art was visual images of Chairman Mao and his Cultural Revolution, and new China that was saturated with capitalism, which tainted the Chinese way of life with a Western way of consumerism and commercialism. The reason for the popularity of Mao's image was spurred by the "Mao Craze" in the early 1990's. People suddenly began to fall in a kind of nostalgia for the past, and once again, Mao Zedong was idolized as an entity who can heal the problems of modern China who had been marching towards their ultimate destination, the economic development. But this time Chairman Mao was no more an idol but just a popular, commercial product. He is no more an object of worship of almost religious nature but he has become an iconography symbolizing the complex nature of present Chinese society. During this process of depicting the social reality, Chinese artists are making the authority and sanctity of Maoism ineffective. Dealing with this new trend of contemporary Chinese art in view of "Socialist Pop art" two manners of re-creating Pop art can be illustrated: one that incorporates the propaganda posters of the Cultural Revolution; the other borrows from Chinese traditional popular imagery or mass media, such as photos taken during Mao era. What is worth mentioning is that these posters and photos of the Cultural Revolution can be identified as 'popular' media, as they were directed to educate the popular mass, thus combination of this ingenuous pop media with Western Pop art can be fully justified as a genre unique to China. Through this genre, we can discover a new chapter of the Chinese contemporary painting and its society, as their Pop art can be considered as self-portraits true to their present appearances.

• Maritime Security
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.83-113
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• 2022

Although China's maritime militia has not been well known despite its long history, it is recently emerging as a serious threat to maritime security, causing neighboring countries' security concerns due to the growing number of maritime disputes with China. In this regard, it is now time to clearly define the true nature of the Chinese maritime militia. A close look at the organization and roles of the Chinese maritime militia reveals that it is an organization that is systematically managed and operated by the Chinese government and the People's Liberation Army of China. Its role is to serve the purpose of "contributing to the protection and expansion of China's marine interests." In addition, the threat factors of the Chinese maritime militia were analyzed by examining the cases of maritime disputes between the Chinese maritime militia and neighboring countries. First, the Chinese maritime militia has implemented the "Gray Zone Strategy." Second, it is a systematic organization supported by the Chinese government and the People's Liberation Army. Third, it is a maritime power that cannot be ignored as the world's largest militia organization. Fourth, it has a strategic flexibility that enables the execution of the dual mission of working for a living such as commercial fishing and serving in the maritime militia. The threats of the Chinese maritime militia are not limited to Southeast Asian countries located in the South China Sea. This is also the case in Korea as the country cannot avoid maritime disputes with China such as the Ieodo issue and the boundary delimitation of the West Sea. Accordingly, this study was focused on presenting a predictable scenario and countermeasures based on the analysis through a scenario technique with respect to the two cases that are most likely to occur in Korea-China relations. Finally, beyond identifying the nature of the Chinese maritime militia, this study takes a further step to share considerations as to how the organization may operate and develop in the future and how we can cope with its moves.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.11 no.4 s.27
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• pp.92-101
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• 2005

According to conceptions of Korean, Japanese, Chinese, and Western cuisine, the results of study based on SD and the factor analysis are as follows. The factors, which were showed from the conception of Korean cuisine, were the tastes for simplicity, cheapness, and familiarity, such as a side dish. The factors, which were showed from the conception of Japanese cuisine, looked like unfamiliar, tasteless and citified except sushi and grilled meat. The factors, which were showed from the conception of Chinese cuisine, were familiarity with the exception of Chinese black noodles, sweet fried pork and fried rice and those looked delicious as well as good table setting. Young people were also trending to be fond of them. The factors, which were showed from the conception of Western cuisine, were luxurious, delicate and citified foods. People were familiar with pizza, spaghetti and stake in Western cuisine.