• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.175-190
• /
• 1998

The formation of Chinese Town in Malacca of Malaysia and Singapore would explain that Chinese gradually played an important role of commerce and urban service according to the Western European advance to southeast Asia and the construction of colonial cities from the 16th century to 19th and massed residence in many cites of southeast Asia. Chinese was usually separated from the Western European by western colonial policy and city planning. Common architectural characteristics in Chinese towns of Malaysia can refer to the transmission of the Chinese architectural material, the combination of dwelling and commerce in a house and the space organization centered on a court or an air well in the narrow and long site, lying adjacent to street etc. The Chinese dwellings in Malaysia rooted with Chinese settlement in southeast Asia. The Chinese dwellings was not always a shop on 1th floor and a dwelling on 2nd floor before the 19th century. But as Chinese immigration and commercial activity progressed in earnest in the early of 19th century, the row house of Chinese for dwelling was autonomously changed to two functional shophouse for dwelling and commerce. Chinese row house can refer to the use of Malay regional material, change of symmetrical Chinese traditional housing type by the narrow and long site and the tendency of the eclectic elevation of Western and China. Another architectural characteristics of the shophouse is an appearance of the continuous verandah with a cover regulated by Stamford Raffles in Singapore. This regulation was applied to architecture in Chinese Town as Stamford Raffles constructed Singapore. It was spread to South China reversely and became the regulation of streetscape for the modern city. Shophouse of Chinese towns in Southeast Asia and south China can be understood by context of Chinese immigration, colonialism, housing type of commerce and dwelling and the Western European city planning.

• 동남아시아연구
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.93-134
• /
• 2013

This paper examines the formation and evolution of Chinese society in Penang over 155 years. Since it was ruled by the British in 1786, many immigrants gathered in Penang. Among them, much of the population was Chinese. It could be offered to clarify the historical process of the development of Chinese society in Penang by paying attention to the three items - opium, tin, and rubber. All the conflict and friction over these products were main causes of prosperity and decay for the Chinese society in Penang. In the early 19th century, the Chinese colossus could get their capital accumulation by taking advantage of 'opium farm'. They amassed their fortune through development of tin mines newly discovered in Perak during the late 19th century. It was the age of Chinese Colossuses deeply connected with Chinese secret societies. After the rubber plantations were developed by the Western capital in the early 20th century, the age of Chinese Colossuses was gradually fallen down. From this point of view one can be provided a new perspective on the history of Penang and the Chinese society of its own. The three scopes for history enable us to make a new interpretation about the issue of stratification within Chinese society in Penang. Especially this research focused on the economic characteristics of Chinese secret societies as 'social capital', and on the identity conflicts between traditional Strait Chinese(peranakan) elite and emerging sinkeh Chinese merchants. The identity problem between 'Laokeh' and 'Sinkeh' in the early 20th century was intentionally exaggerated by modern researchers. Their conflicts seems to be caused by different economic interests rather than identity. We need to consider again the rise and fall of Chinese society in Penang with flexible thinking.

• 한국의사학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.7-12
• /
• 2007

Wang Hao Gu is a famous Chinese medical scientist of the 13 century. He studied the oldest classic in China, Huangjaenaekyung, and also studied Zhangzhongjing's medical documents. He was influenced by contemporary medical scientists Zhang Yuan Su and Li Dong Yuan, and came up with an original medical theory Yinzheng. Although he is of considerable importance in the history of medicine, not many studies on him were done in Korea although Korean medicine was influenced by Chinese medicine. This study focuses on the study of his insight on medical stuffs and theory of Shanghan.

• 비교문화연구
• /
• 제48권
• /
• pp.107-133
• /
• 2017

이 연구는 중국에서 저술된 한국근현대문학사를 남한문학사, 북한문학사, 자국문학사와 비교하여 서술 양상을 살핌으로써, 이들 텍스트에 나타난 문화횡단적 실천을 살피고자 하였다. 지금까지 중국에서 저술된 한국문학사는 약 25종이며, 이 가운데 한국근현대문학사는 약 16종이다. 저술 목적으로 볼 때, 연구용 문학사보다는 교재용 문학사가 압도적으로 많다. 시각과 서술내용으로 볼 때, 남한문학사를 수용한 경우와 북한문학사를 수용한 경우 그리고 남북문학사를 함께 수용한 경우로 나눌 수 있다. 각각의 대표적인 텍스트를 선정하여 그 인식과 서술 양상을 남한문학사, 북한문학사, 중국문학사와 비교한 후, 의미의 이동과 생성의 지점을 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 한국문학사 인식과 서술에 있어서 몇 가지 의미 있는 전언을 발견할 수 있었다. 첫째, 우리의 근현대문학사는 서양문학의 영향만을 강조함으로써 중국문학의 영향을 간과했다는 점에 대한 반성적 시각 둘째, 북한문학사를 주체적이고 객관적으로 인식함으로써 통일문학사 기술의 한 가능성을 제시한 점 셋째, 순수문학중심주의에서 벗어나 문학의 대중성에 대한 강조와 다양한 매체와 연관된 작품을 수용하는 시각 확장의 가능성을 열어준다는 점이 그것이다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.253-262
• /
• 2023

Chinese traditional patterns, which are part of our national precious heritage, have a long history. Tiger culture plays a very important role in folk art. In modern society, it is a symbol of human spirit and morality. The tiger pattern is also a unique traditional pattern in Chinese folklore. From the Spring and Autumn period to modern society, the tiger pattern has evolved in form through thousands of years of development. It is also a representative intangible cultural heritage in contemporary times. It plays a special role in the cultural exchange of different regions, resulting in the generation of the creation of folk art with great local characteristics. Therefore, traditional tiger patterns are an important part of traditional Chinese folk culture and art. In this study, by analyzing the development and evolution history of Chinese traditional tiger patterns, the application methods of Chinese traditional tiger patterns were summarized, the rich cultural connotation, artistic characteristics and application of traditional tiger pattern in modern fashion design were discussed. In contemporary design, the new and improved tiger pattern styles were explored, intangible cultural heritage was interpreted and inherited, and the cultural and artistic values contained therein were extracted. The author combined with modern fashion design, according to people's aesthetic taste and design principles, it is recreated,so that the traditional pattern has certain characteristics of The Times.But at the same time it retains its original character,and the traditional tiger pattern was inherited and the cultural connotation of clothing design was enriched.

• 해양환경안전학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.41-50
• /
• 2004

중국의 조선기술은 유구하고 찬란한 발전역사를 가지고 있으며 세계 고대 조선기술사에서 아주 중요한 자리를 차지하고 있다. 지금까지 조선기술사의 연구경향은 서양 조선기술사에 편중되어 있었기 때문에 중국 조선기술사에 관한 연구는 이러한 결함을 보완 할 것이다, 인류사회의 발전과 더불어 조선기술도 급속히 발전되었다. 송대(960-1279년)에 이르러 중국의 조선업은 크게 발전되었으며, 그 특징으로는 선박의 대형화, 조선기지와 선박수량의 현저한 증가, 조선기술의 제고와 설비의 발전으로 나타난다. 송대의 조선기술은 원명(元明)시대의 조선기술 발전에 토대를 마련하였다. 따라서 교량역할을 한 송대의 조선기술을 연구함으로써 중국의 조선기술의 발전사를 알아볼 수 있을 것이다.

• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.35-44
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study is its residential spaces through the analysis of exterior space and interior space at Wu-lin Village(烏林屯) in Jiao-he, China. The method of this study is to search for documentation, interview, residents, make a survey of these villages about immigration history, surroundings, topographical keynotes, administration system, residential number, residential style, site composition, etc. The residents moved from Yen-bien and Jiao-he in China etc. The ancestor moved from North of Gyeong-Sang Province in South of Korea, North of Ham-Gyeong Province in North of Korea etc. The main road divides the village into two parts: the north quarter, Wu-lin Village, typified by the Chinese house, and the south quarter, You-Yi Village(友誼村), typified by the Korean-Chinese house. The houses is compose of main building and an accessory building. The main building looking south. The vegetable garden is around main buildings. The main building is compose of an On-dol room(a hot-floored room) and a kitchen, a corridor etc.

• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.39-54
• /
• 2011

The Bunhuangsa stone pagoda, constructed in AD. 634, National Treasure no. 30, has been named as 'brick-copied pagoda' since the Japanese-ruling period by scholars. It is said that the Chinese brick pagoda was its precedent model, however the Bunhuangsa Pagoda is the oldest of all the Chinese-style brick pagodas except one, the Sungaksa Pagoda. The Chinese pagoda cannot have been a precedent model to copy due to its complex detail of wood vestige, as the Bunhuangsa pagoda is simple form without ornament. Domestic brick pagodas cannot have been a precedent model to copy as well, because all the domestic brick pagodas are younger than the Bunhuangsa Pagoda. Therefore, the terminology 'brick-copied pagoda' is a fallacy; it is rather that later brick pagoda copied the precedent the Bunhuangsa stone pagoda. The Bunhuangsa Pagoda is simply a piled-up pagoda of thick or thin, big or small slates of stone, facing only one smooth side and therefore needing nothing to relate to brick. The originality of the pagoda is more related to simple piled-up Indian stone stupa rather than Chinese brick pagoda. The roof form of its gradually stepped projection comes from the harmika of the summit of Indian stupa. Contrary to general history, old Silla Dynasty imported Buddhism directly from India by sea. From written national history and by temple foundation history, the Indian Buddhism evangelist possibly made influence to the erecting of temple and pagoda. The original wrong terminology has made a harmful effect gradually to the naming of mass-styled stone pagoda of only carved stepped-roof form after brick-copied pagoda. The false term 'brick-copied pagoda' should be discarded, which comes with superficial observation based on toadyism to China and colonialism to Japan. Instead of the fallacious term, this paper suggests multi-storied 'piled-up pagoda with slate stone.'

• 한국수학사학회지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2006

중국(中國)의 산경(算經)에서 제일(第一) 먼저 우리의 관심(關心)을 끄는 것은 구장산술(九章算術)이다. 그러나 이천삼백년(二千三百年) 전(前)부터 존재(存在)하였다고 추측(推測)할 뿐 편저자(編著者)나 제작년도(製作年度)는 미상(未詳)이다. 여기에 있는 문제(問題)들을 수학적(數學的)인 명(面)에서 검토(檢討)하여 보는 것도 바람직하지만 역사(歷史)나 사회적(社會的) 환경(環境)과 관련(聯關)시켜 분석(分析)하고 추론(推論)하여 구장산술(九章算術)의 구조(構造)를 밝혀낸다.

• 한국의사학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.47-54
• /
• 2016

This article attempts to extract headwords for complication of "Donguibogam Dictionary" with Corpus-based Analysis. The computerized original text of Donguibogam is changed into a text file by a program 'EM Editor'. Chinese characters of high frequency of exposure among Chinese characters of Donguibogam are extracted by a Corpus-based analytical program 'AntConc'. Two-syllable, three-syllable, four-syllable, and five-syllable words including each Chinese characters of high frequency are extracted through n-cluster, one of functions of AntConc. Lastly, The output that is meaningful as a word is sorted. As a result, words that often appear in Donguibogam can be sorted in this article, and the names of books, medical herbs, disease symptoms, and prescriptions often appear especially. This way to extract headwords by this Corpus-based Analysis can suggest better headwords list for "Donguibogam Dictionary" in the future.