• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.212-226
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal composite recipe of rice muffin using three different amounts of Chinese artichoke (Stachys sieboldii MIQ) powder, brown sugar, and egg. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to obtain 16 experimental points (including three replicates of Chinese artichoke powder, brown sugar, and egg), and the Chinese artichoke rice muffin formulation was optimized using rheology. The results of the sensory evaluation showed very significant values for color, texture, sweetness, and overall quality (P<0.05). The results of the color, texture, and chemical analyses showed significant values for crumb redness (P<0.01), crumb yellowness (P<0.05), crust redness (P<0.05), crust yellowness (P<0.001), crust lightness (P<0.05), adhesiveness (P<0.01), springiness (P<0.001), gumminess (P<0.01), cohesiveness (P<0.05), moisture content (P<0.05), and sweetness (P<0.05). As a result, optimum formulations obtained by numerical and graphical methods were found to be 8.28 g of Chinese artichoke powder, 66.20 g of brown sugar, 111.72 g of sticky rice powder, 30 g of rice powder, and 59.37 g of egg.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Chinese artichoke powder on the physicochemical properties and the sensory characteristics of yanggaeng. According to the increasing contents of Chinese artichoke powder, the $^{\circ}Brix$ value and pH levels of yanggaeng were significantly decreased whereas the moisture contents of yanggaeng was significantly increased. The result of color measurement shown that L value of groups containing Chinese artichoke powder was lower than that of control group, but a value and b value of groups containing Chinese artichoke powder were higher. Texture measurement score in terms of cohesiveness, chewiness, and brittleness for yanggaeng were significantly decreased according to the levels of added Chinese artichoke powder content. The contents of total polyphenol, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and NSA of groups containing Chinese artichoke powder were higher than those of control group. As Chinese artichoke powder increased, antioxidative activity also became bigger. Sensory evaluation scores in terms of appearance, odor, taste, texture, and overall preference of groups with 2% and 4% of Chinese artichoke powder did not show any significantly differences when compared to the control group. Based on these findings, current study suggest that addition of 4% Chinese artichoke powder was the best substitution ratio for yanggaeng.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality characteristics of rice nutritional bars prepared by adding Chinese artichoke (CA) powder to the rice powder. Methods: CA rice nutritional bars were prepared with various levels of CA powder (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) and designated as CA0 (without CA powder), CA5, CA10, CA15, and CA20, respectively. The total phenolic content, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, moisture content, pH, baking loss rate, leavening rate, volume, color, texture analysis, and sensory evaluations of rice nutritional bars were performed. Results: The total phenolic content and DPPH free radical scavenging activity exhibited an increase with increase in the substitute amount of CA powder. The results showed that the pH of rice nutritional bars decreased in all sample groups as the content of CA powder increased. The volume of the sample group with CA powder was higher than that of CA0. As the content of CA powder increased, lightness of the rice nutritional bars crumbs decreased while redness and yellowness increased. The texture analysis of rice nutritional bars showed that hardness, gumminess, and chewiness were the highest in CA0 while springiness and cohesiveness were the lowest in CA0. With respect to characteristic intensity rating, the taste, flavor, and softness of rice nutritional bars increased with increasing amounts of CA powder. In terms of consumer acceptability, CA15 and CA20 received the highest scores with respect to texture. Conclusion: Therefore, the results of this study indicate that replacing 15% of the rice powder with CA led to an efficient enhancement in the antioxidant and nutritional values of rice nutritional bars as well as the sensory quality.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2015

본 연구는 초석잠의 식품 소재로서의 이용을 확대하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 초석잠 분말의 첨가량을 0, 3, 6, 9, 12%로 달리하여 식빵을 제조하고, 그 품질 특성과 관능검사를 실시하였다. 식빵 반죽의 발효율은 초석잠 분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 낮아졌다. 식빵의 수분 함량과 굽기 손실률은 초석잠 분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 유의적으로 감소하였다(각각 p<0.001과 p<0.001). 초석잠 분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 식빵의 부피는 감소한 반면(p<0.001), 무게는 증가하였고(p<0.001), 비용적은 감소하였다(p<0.001). 식빵 내부(crumb)의 색도는 초석잠 분말 첨가에 따라서 유의적인 차이를 보였으며(p<0.001), 초석잠 분말 첨가량이 증가할수록 명도(L)는 감소하였으나, 적색도(a)와 황색도(b)는 유의적으로 증가하였다. 식빵의 TPA 측정 결과, 초석잠 분말 첨가량이 많아질수록 경도(hardness), 씹힘성(chewiness)(p<0.05)과 검성(gumminess)(p<0.001), 부착성(adhesiveness)(p<0.001)은 증가하였으나, 탄력성(springiness)과 응집성(cohesiveness)(p<0.01)은 감소하였다. 식빵의 특성차이 검사 결과, 초석잠 분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 식빵의 속질 색(crumb color)은 진해졌으며(p<0.001), 기공의 크기(grain size)는 감소하였으나(p<0.05), 기공의 균일성(grain uniformity), 발효향(yeast flavor), 아린향(acridity flavor)(p<0.001), 담백한 맛(plainer taste)(p<0.05), 단맛(sweet taste)(p<0.01), 아린맛(acridity taste)(p<0.001), 견고성(firmness), 탄력성(springiness), 촉촉함(moistness), 부드러움(softness), 씹힘성(chewiness)은 강하게 평가되었다. 전반적인 기호도(overall acceptability)는 초석잠 분말 첨가량이 많아질수록 유의적으로 증가하여 9% 첨가군이 가장 높게 평가되었다(p<0.001). 이상의 결과로 부터 초석잠 분말을 이용한 기능성 식빵 제조시 초석잠 분말을 9% 첨가하는 것이 소비자의 기호도를 충족시킬 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.120-132
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• 2015

본 연구는 초석잠을 기능성 소재로서 식품 개발에 이용을 확대하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 초석잠 분말의 첨가량을 0, 3, 6, 9, 12%로 달리하여 식빵을 제조하고, 페놀성 화합물의 함량과 항산화 활성을 분석하고 기호도 검사를 실시하였다. 초석잠 분말의 총 폴리페놀, 총 플라보노이드 및 총 탄닌의 함량은 각각 $139.09{\pm}1.97mg\;GAE/g\;dw$, $74.33{\pm}2.69mg\;QE/g\;dw$, $40.41{\pm}2.54mg\;TAE/g\;dw$로 분석되었다. 초석잠 분말의 첨가량이 많아질수록 식빵의 페놀성 화합물 함량은 유의적으로 증가하여 초석잠 분말을 12% 첨가한 식빵의 총 폴리페놀, 총 플라보노이드과 총 탄닌의 함량은 각각 $104.27{\pm}0.13mg\;GAE/g\;dw$, $71.03{\pm}1.75mg\;QE/g\;dw$와 $8.76{\pm}0.12mg\;TAE/g\;dw$이었다(각각 p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001). 초석잠 추출물의 DPPH 라디칼과 ABTS 라디칼 소거능의 $IC_{50}$은 각각 1.42 mg/mL와 1.57 mg/mL로 분석되었으며, 초석잠 분말의 첨가량이 많아질수록 식빵의 항산화 활성은 유의적으로 높아졌다(각각 p<0.001과 p<0.001). 초석잠 분말을 9% 첨가한 식빵은 외관, 향미, 맛, 질감 및 전반적인 기호도가 가장 높게 평가되어 소비자의 기호도를 충족시키면서 항산화 활성을 지닌 기능성 식빵의 제조에 적합한 것으로 생각된다.