• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.304-315
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• 2012

"Japji" was an old cookbook written in 1721. There are 27 types of foods recorded in "Japji"; 10 descriptions of Byeonggwaryu (rice cakes and cookies): Yakgwa, Junggye, Mandugwa, Chaesugwa, Umujeonggwa, Dongajeonggwa, Baekjapyeon, Aengdupyeon, Toranbyeong, and Yeot; and 16 descriptions of Chanpumryu (side dishes): Jinjumyeon, Jeunggyetang, Geumjungtang, Eoreumtang, Changjajjim, Gajijjim, Oejjim, Dubuseon, Dubuneureumi, Geneureumi, Gesanjeok, Hodojaban, Jeonyak, Seokryutang, Sungeojuak, and Yangmandu. There is also a description of Gugija (Chinese wolfberry) liquor. Here, comparative analysis based on culinary science was carried out on the Korean foods recorded in "Japji" as well as the similar foods recorded in "Gyuhapchongseo" (Women's Encyclopedia) written around 1815. Of the 27 types of Korean foods recorded in "Japji", 13 were also found recorded in "Gyuhapchongseo". The time period for "Japji" can be assumed to be 1721 based on the fact that it is written in a cursive handwriting style of Hangeul, that chili was never used as an ingredient, and that the word "Shinchuknyeon (辛丑年)" was transcribed at the beginning of the book. The dating method also included considerations of whether Neureumi was used or not as well as changes in its cooking style.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.1-22
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this review is to evaluate the efficacy of moxibustion for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women. Methods: For relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs), we searched the following databases from their inception to September 1, 2020: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), Koreanstudies Information Service System (KISS), Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), and National Digital Science Library (NDSL). The key search terms were 'stress urinary incontinence' and 'moxibustion'. Data extraction and assessment of risk of bias were conducted by two authors independently. Results: A total of 11 RCTs were finally included in this systematic review. In all studies, moxibustion treatment was applied as an adjuvant therapy to the conventional treatment, and the most common conventional treatment was pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT). The treatment group (conventional treatment plus moxibustion) showed statistically more significant effect than the control group (conventional treatment only) in various evaluation indicators including urinary incontinence frequency, 1 hour urine pad test, quality of life, the clinical efficacy rate, and pelvic muscle strength. Conclusions: In this study, we investigated the efficacy of moxibustion as an adjuvant therapy for female SUI patients. Further studies are needed to supplement the safety of moxibustion and the evaluation of moxibustion dose.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2010

Melasma is a common disorder that causes dark colored patches. It generally causes brown spots on the face, especially on the forehead, cheeks, and upper lips. The pattern of patches has bilateral symmetry in yellowish-brown to gray-brown colors. It is much more common in women than in men. Melasma is considered to be caused by environmental and physical constitutional factors and often occurs when a woman's hormone changes by pregnancy or the use of oral contraceptive pills. It is important to combine oriental medicine and Sasang constitutional medicine for treatment of Melasma. Normal treatment of Melasma includes warming oneself, removal of the emotional stress factors, and good nutrition.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.7
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• pp.17-34
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• 2011

This study examined how Bangryeong(方領) had been changed from ancient times in China to the Joseon dynasty[朝鮮] in Korea by analyzing Bangryeong in literature, relics, paintings, etc. Based on this, we also analyzed the form of Bangryeong itself and clothes with Bangryeong using excavated relics from the Joseon dynasty. First, from early Chinese literature, it was confirmed that meaning of "Bangryeong" was a collar attached straight to a garment so that if the garment is put on with the fronts intercrossed with each other the back neck part of the collar is naturally squared. Second, from literature in the Joseon dynasty, it was confirmed that the meanings and forms of Bangryeong were diversified and had different characteristics throughout different time periods. Different from its original meaning in China, Bangryeong came to mean an intentionally designed square shape. Third, Bangryeong from the Yuan(燕) and Ming(明) Dynasties were found among relics excavated in China. Bangryeong from Yuan was Cheolik[帖裏] worn by men, and Bangryeong from Ming was found in women's dresses. Fourth, Bangryeong relics from the Joseon dynasty examines its form in detail. Bangryeong was found in various forms of clothes, and this was consistent with findings from literature review.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 1989

The classification of tea materials had been based on four group, six group or ten group classification systems until 1979. A six group classification method was established in 1979 according to the chemical composition of tea materials. The history and existence of the six kinds of tea in Korean Peninsular were investigated. It was confirmed that the use of green tea, which was introduced from Chinese Tang to Silla, has been continued till present time in Korea.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

Objectives Although the faith that pulse diagnosis via a thread, namely "Xuanxizhenmai", had been applied to some women in royal families, is widely spread in East Asian countries, but it is still controversial that whether this faith is based on historical facts or just originated from some folk tales. So we provided some reasonable clues to interpret that faith. Methods The digitalized Annals of Joseon Dynasty and Twenty Five Books of Chinese History were used for historical example search. Conventional internet search engines are widely used for investigation of other examples and related interpretations. Additionally, a pilot observation with nylon threads and optical vibration detection devices was performed to confirm it's feasibility. Results Although there are a few evidences supporting Xuanxizhenmai's existence in Qing dynasty, no evidence was found to show it's existence in authoritative annals of Korea and China. The pilot observation showed that in optimal environment, some intense arterial pulse could be propagated dozens of centimeter, but it was not applicable to clinical needs. Conclusions Pulse propagation via a thread was proved to be reproducible within limited extents, but pulse diagnosis via a thread, namely Xuanxizhenmai, seem to have never been used for proper clinical purpose.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.202-218
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• 2015

Many countries have introduced new imported food safety measures, following the accident at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station. This study was conducted to evaluate the measures contents and effects on food trades values. Eight percent of members were notified the introduced measures to the World Trade Organization. The measures' contents were banning imports, enhancing inspection and adding certification requirement. The covered regions were some prefectures, entire Japan or all affected countries. European Union introduced a measure that subjecting foods originating from 12 prefectures to import at designated ports with required certification. The measures were amended 8 times until March 2014 to apply listed foods from 15 prefectures. The trade value of fishery products and miscellaneous foods were affected. Australia introduced a measure that required additional inspection of dairy, fishery and plants products from 13 prefectures with subsequent amendments. The trade value had no effect in tested foods. Chinese Taipei introduced a temporary import ban for all foods from 6 prefectures. Trade values for fruits were affected. The United States issued an import alert for detention without examination for listed prefectures and goods without introducing new measures. Although no specific products were affected, trade values for all foods were affected.

• Journal of Korean language education
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.115-144
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to compare the two different instruction methods for Korean learners of academic purposes in learning request expression. Participants were divided into two groups, explicit and implicit group. Both groups viewed several scenes from the drama that involved native speakers interacting in different situations. The instructional treatment for the explicit group included metapragmatic information while the treatment for the implicit group did not. On the other hand, the treatment for the implicit group followed implicit techniques, which were repetition of the video presentation and a script reading activity. This study was made up of a pre-test, a post-test, and a delayed-test. The pre-test was conducted prior to the instructional treatment. The post-test was administered a day after the last instruction and the delayed-test was conducted five weeks after the treatments. Two types of tests, speaking and writing, were used in this study to examine subjects' knowledge of Korean request. The result of this research reveals that implicit treatment was more effective than explicit treatment in Korean learners' request acquisition. This results might have been due to the operationalization of the implicit condition in this study. Implicit instruction may help language learners make rules by themselves through tasks.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.92-101
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review was to overview and evaluate the effectiveness of fumigation treatment for women with atrophic vaginitis. Methods: We searched articles from Pubmed, Chinese Academic Journals (CAJ) and Oasis online databases. Searching keywords were ‘fumigation’, ‘atrophic vaginitis’, ‘vaginitis’, ‘阴道炎’, ‘膣炎’, ‘老年性 阴道炎’, ‘坐熏’, ‘熏洗’, ‘熏浴’, ‘좌훈요법’, ‘질염’, ‘위축성질염’. After searching the articles, we performed quality assessment using Cochrane risk of bias (RoB) tool. Results: Among the 142 articles were searched, 5 randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) were finally selected. All of 5 studies showed that fumigation treatment has significant effect on atrophic vaginitis in terms of the effectiveness rate, but 3 studies were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Our systematic review found encouraging but limited evidence of fumigation therapy for atrophic vaginitis. We recommend clinical trials which obtain stronger evidence without the demerits of trial design.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.71-82
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• 2021

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine the intermediary role of job satisfaction between job autonomy and job performance and whether the process was adjusted based on the work context. Research design, data, and methodology - This study was conducted by sample survey method on 334 supervising engineers. Data analysis methods were frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation model analysis. Result - The results of this study suggest that: (1) after controlling for age, position, and working years, job autonomy had a significant positive impact on job performance, (2) job autonomy can not only directly affect job performance but also indirectly affect performance through job satisfaction, (3) job satisfaction has an intermediary effect on job autonomy and job performance, and (4) the relationship between job autonomy and job satisfaction is moderated by the work context, and the result showed a negative moderating effect. Conclusion - This study suggests that job autonomy significantly improves job performance, and the higher job autonomy a supervising engineer has, the more satisfied they are with their work, thus enriching the precursor research on dynamic changes in job performance. When the working environment is poor, supervisors are more sensitive to the perception of job autonomy and have a stronger impact on job satisfaction and performance.