• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회(1)
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• pp.557-558
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• 2005

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회(1)
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• pp.467-468
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• 2005

• 통상정보연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.97-118
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• 2011

한 칠레는 2011년 현재 한국 수출대상국 중 33위, 수입대상국 중 21위의 적자교역국이다. 그러나 칠레는 수출이 급증함에 따라 칠레 수입시장에서 한국산 제품의 점유율이 FTA 발표 전인 2003년 3.1%에서 2008년에는 5.6%로 상승하였으며, 순위도 2003년 8위에서 2008년 5위로 상승하였다. 이렇듯 한국과 칠레의 FTA 체결에 따른 경제교류의 활성화로 인하여 구리 등 원자재 수입관세의 하락으로 국내 구리사용 기업의 가격 경쟁력을 향상될 뿐만 아니라 가전, 통신 기타 제조업의 수출이 점차로 증가하고 있다. 본 연구는 한 칠레 FTA 체결 후에 한국과 칠레의 교역현황을 분석하고, 한 칠레 FTA 체결에 따른 한국소비자의 칠레 제품 평가를 하여, 국내소비자가 FTA 체결국 제품에 어떠한 영향을 미치고 있는지를 분석하는데 있다. 본 연구 분석결과 '제품태도', '가격인식', '사용안전성', '사용편리성', '디자인(외형)' 등의 요인들은 칠레제품의 인식도에 대한 평가에 유의한 영향을 미치고 있으며, 반면 '품질인식' 요인은 칠레제품의 인지도에 대한 평가에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 분석되었다. 한 EU FTA가 발효되었고, 한 미 FTA 체결이 가시화됨으로써 한 칠레 FTA의 효과가 점차 축소될 우려를 낳고 있다. 이는 양국의 교역량의 감소로 인한 경제교류감소가 국제경제 정책을 수립하는 데 장애요인으로 등장하지 않을까 우려한다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.137-138
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• 2022

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.5081-5086
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• 2016

Background: Pathological factors, based mainly on immunohistochemistry (IHC) and histological differentiation, are mostly used to differentiate breast cancer (BC) subtypes. Our present aim was to describe the characteristics and survival of a relapsing BC patient cohort based on clinico-pathologic subtypes determined for the primary tumors. Methods: We used a clinico- pathological definition of BC subtypes based on histological grade (HG), estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR),and epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) expression assessed by IHC. We determined variables associated with loco-regional recurrence (LRR), second primaries (SP), systemic recurrence (SR) and post-recurrence survival (PRS). Results: Out of 1,702 patients, 240 (14%) had an event defined as recurrence. Those with recurrent disease were significantly younger than those without,and were initially diagnosed at more advanced stages, with larger tumors, greater lymph nodal involvement and higher HG. With a median follow up of 61 months (1-250), 4.6% of patients without recurrence and 56.6% of patients with an event defined as recurrence had died. The median PRS for the LRR group was 77 months; 75 months for those who developed a SP and 22 months for patients with an SR (p <0.0001). In SR cases, the median PRS was shorter for ER- tumors than for ER+ tumors (15 vs. 26 months, respectively; p = 0.0019, HR 0.44; CI: 0.25-0.44). Conclusions: Subtype, defined through classic histopathologic parameters determined for primary tumors, was found to eb related to type of recurrence and also to prognosis after relapse.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.267-276
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• 2017

Purpose: Different esophagojejunostomy (EJ) reconstruction methods are used after totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG), and none is considered a standard technique. This report describes a 2-layer hand-sewn EJ technique during TLTG; we also evaluated postoperative morbidity associated with this technique. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study included all consecutive patients who underwent TLTG for gastric cancer (GC) from 2012 to 2016 at 2 affiliated teaching hospitals. All participating surgeons performed standardized intracorporeal 2-layer hand-sewn EJ. Results: We included 51 patients who underwent TLTG for GC and standardized EJ anastomosis. Twenty-seven (53%) were male, and the median age was 60 (36-87) years. The average operative time was $337{\pm}71minutes$ and intraoperative bleeding was $160{\pm}107mL$. There were no open conversions related to EJ. Postoperative morbidity was observed in 9 (17.0%) patients. There was no postoperative mortality. EJ leakage was observed in 2 patients (3.8%) and 1 patient (1.9%) developed EJ stenosis. Patients with leakage were managed non-operatively and the patient with stenosis required endoscopic dilation. The median length of hospital stay was 8 (6-29) days. Conclusions: Two-layer hand-sewn EJ during TLTG for GC is a feasible and safe technique. This method avoids a laparotomy for reconstruction and the disadvantages associated with laparoscopic introduction of mechanical staplers for EJ, and provides an alternative for alimentary tract reconstruction after TLTG.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권9호
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• pp.1110-1119
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• 2022

Fe-S clusters are versatile and essential cofactors that participate in multiple and fundamental biological processes. In Escherichia coli, the biogenesis of these cofactors requires either the housekeeping Isc pathway, or the stress-induced Suf pathway which plays a general role under conditions of oxidative stress or iron limitation. In the present work, the Fe-S cluster assembly Isc and Suf systems of acidophilic Bacteria and Archaea, which thrive in highly oxidative environments, were studied. This analysis revealed that acidophilic microorganisms have a complete set of genes encoding for a single system (either Suf or Isc). In acidophilic Proteobacteria and Nitrospirae, a complete set of isc genes (iscRSUAX-hscBA-fdx), but not genes coding for the Suf system, was detected. The activity of the Isc system was studied in Leptospirillum sp. CF-1 (Nitrospirae). RT-PCR experiments showed that eight candidate genes were co-transcribed and conform the isc operon in this strain. Additionally, RT-qPCR assays showed that the expression of the iscS gene was significantly up-regulated in cells exposed to oxidative stress imposed by 260 mM Fe₂(SO₄)₃ for 1 h or iron starvation for 3 h. The activity of cysteine desulfurase (IscS) in CF-1 cell extracts was also upregulated under such conditions. Thus, the Isc system from Leptospirillum sp. CF-1 seems to play an active role in stressful environments. These results contribute to a better understanding of the distribution and role of Fe-S cluster protein biogenesis systems in organisms that thrive in extreme environmental conditions.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2012

국내산 고추를 이용하여 미국인의 입맛에 맞는 고부가가치 액상 소스를 개발하기 위해 고추 케찹을 제조하였다. 국내산 고추 케찹은 토마토 페이스트(37.5%), 설탕(14.8%), 식초(14.1%), 고추 퓨레와 고춧가루(14.1%)를 주성분으로 하였고, 그 외 허브류, 올리고당, 매실엑기스, 청주, 레몬즙 등을 첨가하여 제조하였다. 고추 케찹의 이화학적 성분 분석 결과, 수분함량 $59.61{\pm}0.28%$, 조단백 함량 $2.18{\pm}0.11%$, 조지방 함량 $1.99{\pm}0.04%$, 조회분 함량 $9.26{\pm}0.13%$, 조탄수화물 함량 $26.97{\pm}0.48%$, 환원당 함량 $35.19{\pm}0.97%$, 염도 $3.04{\pm}0.04%$, 산도 $2.22{\pm}0.01%$, pH $3.7{\pm}0.01$, 당도 $36.3{\pm}0.14\;^{\circ}brix$로 미국산 경쟁 제품보다 조탄수화물, 환원당 함량은 높았고, 회분함량, 산도, 염도는 낮았다. 외국인을 대상으로 한 관능검사 결과, 국내산 고추 케찹은 미국의 유명 케찹 회사의 제품보다 단맛과 짠맛이 약하고, 매운맛은 비슷하다고 평가되었다. 기호도 조사에서는 국내산 고추 케찹이 미국 고추 케찹보다 높은 기호도를 보였다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발한 고추 케찹은 외국인의 입맛에 적합한 것으로 나타나, 해외 시장에 적극적으로 대처할 수 있을 것으로 보이고, 국내산 고추의 새로운 가공식품으로 서의 가치가 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.281-290
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• 2005

한국 최초의 자유무역협정으로 지난 2004년 4월 1일부터 발효된 한 $\cdot$ 칠레 FTA는 우리나라 기업들이 칠레 시장에서 다른 국가들과 거의 동등한 조건에서 영업할 수 있는 토대를 마련하게 되었고, 더 나아가 FTA에 대한 국민적 인식을 제고시켰으며, 또한 인근 중남미시장 진출의 교두보를 확보가게 되었다고 평가된다. FTA 발효 이후 한국은 자동차, 휴대폰, 컬러TV등 당초 기대했던 공산품을 중심으로 높은 수출증가를 보이고 있는 반면 우려하던 농$\cdot$수$\cdot$축산품의 수입은 크게 증가하지 않았다. 한편, 한$\cdot$칠레 FTAv추진과정에서 나타났던 추진기구의 취약성과 농민단체, 관련업계 등 이익집단과 시민단체 사이의 계층간 충돌 그리고 정부의 홍보 부족으로 국민적 공감대를 얻지 못했던 점등은 우리나라가 향후 FTA추진과정에서 개선해야 할 중요한 시사점이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.4745-4749
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• 2015

Background: The aim of this study was to assess detection of circulating tumor cells (CTC) using anti-CEA pre and post surgery in Chilean patients with colo-rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: The presence of CTCs was evaluated in 80 colorectal cancer patients pre and post surgery using standard immunocytochemistry and the results were compared with findings for standard clinico-pathological parameters. Results: In patients presurgery CEA (+) CTCs were frequently found, with no relation to tumor size or nodal status. After surgery, the presence of CTCs was associated with such clinico-pathological parameters. The frequency of CTC detection in node positive patients did not change after surgery. In patients with metastasis there was also no change in the frequency of CTC detection, and clusters of 3 or more CTCs were evident. Conclusions: Secondary CTCs are associated with clinico-pathological parameters only after surgical removal of the primary tumor, and might be important in identifying patients at high risk of relapse. Primary CTCs detected before surgical removal are frequently found, are not associated with the clinico-pathological parameters and might have a role in cancer screening. These findings suggest the need for studies with a larger population of patients.