• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.27-32
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• 1999

Cochlear implant poses a contraindication to the magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) process, because MRI generates artifacts, inducing an electrical current and causing device magnetization. CT is relatively expensive and the metal electrodes scatter the image. Post-implantation radiological studies using anterior-posterior transorbital, submental-vertex and lateral views, the intracochlear electrodes are not well displayed. Therefore, the authors developed a special view, which we call the cochlear view. The patient is sitting in front of a vertical device. Then the midsagittal plane is adjusted to form an angle of $15^{\circ},\;30^{\circ}$, and $45^{\circ}$ with the film. The flexion of the neck is adjusted to make the infraorbitomeatal line(IOML) is parallel with the transverse axis of the film. The central ray is directed to exit from the skull at point which is 3.0 cm anterior and 2.0 cm superior to the EAM(external auditory meatus). Results have shown that single radiography of the cochlear view provides sufficient information to demonstrate the position of the electrodes array and the depth of insertion in cochlear. Radiography of the cochlear view in angle of $45^{\circ}$ is an excellent image. The cochlear view gives the greatest amount of medical information with the least radiation and lowest medical cost. It can be widely used in all cochlear implant clinics.

• Kosin Medical Journal
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.150-158
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• 2018

Objectives: Although Campylobacter is the main cause for bacterial acute gastroenteritis (AGE), there has been no notable clinical research into it, especially for Korean children. In this study, we share our experience of clinical, laboratory and image findings with Campylobacter AGE. Methods: Between May 2013 and June 2016, children diagnosed as having Campylobacter AGE were retrospectively enrolled in our study. Campylobacter AGE was considered diagnosed when a patient had symptoms of bacterial AGE and a positive Campylobacter result in stool using multiplex PCR. Results: Among 539 patients with suspected bacterial AGE, 31 (5.8%) patients had a positive result for Campylobacter. The average age of the 31 patients was $10.2{\pm}5.0$ years with a range between 1.1 and 16.9 years. Eighteen (58%) of the total patients were hospitalized between June and August. Diarrhea (93.5%), abdominal pain (83%) and fever (83%) were common symptoms. For 20 patients (65%), diarrhea lasted for less than three days, and fever lasted for 2.1 days on average. Among the 20 patients subjected to imaging studies, 12 patients (60%) showed bowel wall thickening on the right side of colon. In blood tests of 30 patients, 22 (73%) and 29 (97%) patients exhibited leukocytosis and elevated C-reactive protein, respectively. During treatment for Campylobacter AGE, prediagnostic empirical antibiotics were used for 6 (19%) patients. All patients recovered without complications. Conclusions: Among the children with suspected bacterial AGE, 5.8% had a positive result on Campylobacter in stool using multiplex PCR. Therefore, we observe that Campylobacter AGE should be considered in school-age children who have diarrhea, fever, and abdominal pain.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.12 s.202
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• pp.253-264
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to conduct research on consumers who seek to portray an image through their living atmosphere and clothing, and to survey the home fashion design preference of Korean women, aged in their 20s to 40s. We distributed questionnaires to 600 women. The reliable questionnaires were used for a statistical analysis. Data analyses were conducted with SPSS program on ANOVA and Pearson correlations. We obtained the following results: 1. Women who are living in larger housing sought 'elegant', 'sophisticated', and 'gorgeous' images. There was a high correlation between the image sought through the surrounding environment and the image sought with clothing. Those who wanted an image of Korean traditional and classic living environment, also sought the same image in their clothing. 2. There was a significant difference in the preference of home fashion products among women seeking specific images in their living environment. In the preference of children's bed sheets and comforters, there was a significant difference in Korean traditional image. In addition, there was a significant difference in the preferred types of curtains in elegant, sophisticated, gorgeous and classic seeking images of environment. These results may be useful for the home fashion stylist or home fashion marketer.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.161-166
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was done to examine body satisfaction of children, self-rated health of children and parent-child attachment as perceived by children and their mothers in relation to children's health behavior and to identify factors affecting health behavior of children. Ultimately the purpose of this study was to provide basic data to develop health promotion programs for children. Methods: Participants were 140 couples, 4th grade elementary school students and their mothers residing in Busan. Data collection was done during June 1 and July 31, 2010. The data were analyzed using paired t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression with PASW 18.0 program. Results: Children and mothers rated body satisfaction of the child differently. Children's responses for body satisfaction of child and parent-child attachment were associated with health behavior of children. Self-rated health perceived by children was also a factor affecting health behavior, as were body satisfaction perceived by children and mothers' perception of body satisfaction of child in that order. These variables explained 18.2% of the total variances in health behavior of children. Conclusion: The findings indicate that body satisfaction and self-rated health of children are important variables to target within intervention research and treatment programs for health promotion behavior of children at home and school.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.151-165
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• 2020

In this study, the pattern of texture was developed by applying the pattern shown in the Amita Yeoraebul and the Avalokitesvara with symbolism suitable for children's clothing. In addition, the design and the manufacturing of a children's wearable Hanbok were attempted, and the results are as follows: Amitha Yeoraebul is a Buddha who oversees paradise in Buddhism, and Avalokitesvara controls both paradise and the real world and provides mercy. Applying the various patterns in the Buddhist paintings, four daily hanboks for children were produced using patterns featuring symbolic the meanings of large round original patterns chrysanthemums, turtles, and lotus patterns. The lotus symbol represents love, nobility, and wealth, while the turtle symbol represents longevity, the chrysanthemum pattern symbolizes auspiciousness, and the large round original pattern means a constant continuation. To maintain the traditional hanbok form but allow convenient wear it in daily life, it is made in the jeogori + shorts, vest + long pants, and one-piece + jacket style. Currently, the daily dress of Hanbok and the modernization of traditional Korean clothes are being promoted. At this point, the study developed Hanbok fashion products that contain symbolic stories suitable for children are trying to maintain the image of traditional culture as much as possible.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.663-674
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• 2005

The factors for the childhood onset obesity were assessed to provide informations for the nutrition education program targeting the primary school children. The subjects of this study were 529 primary school children in Iksan City, Jeon-buk Province. Children were classified into obese(236) and control(293) groups by the obesity index. Anthropometric measurement dietary intake through 24-hour recall method, blood analysis and questionnaire response including nutritional knowledge and attitude, body image recognition and eating habits were conducted The mean age of subject was 12.0 years. The average body weight(p<0.001), BMI(p<0.001), and obesity index(p<0.001) in obese group were significantly different from those in control group; their values in the former were 26.5 kg/m2 and $37.7\%$ and 43.0 kg, 19.8 kg/m2 and $3.2\%$ in the latter, respectively. The average scores of self-satisfaction were significantly different in two groups (p<0.001), 31.2, and 34.1, respectively. Among the obese subjects, $60.6\%$ were unsatisfied or very unsatisfied with their body image, and $76.5\%$ had experiences of weight control and $67.5\%$ took diet control as a weight control method Among mothers of obese subjects, $89.1\%$ were unsatisfied with their children's body image. $64.4\%$ of obese subjects had obese parents. Average intake of energy were $76.7\%$ of RDA in obese group and $74.9\%$ of RDA in control group. Average intake of cereals(p<0.01), potatoes & starch(p<0.01) and eggs(p<0.01) between obese and control subjects were significantly different; 295.4g, 76.2g, 55.6g in the former and 277.9g, 38.1g, 45.6g in the latter, respectively. The mean serum triglyceride(p<0.05), GPT(p<0.05), hemoglobin(p<0.001) concentration of the obses and control subjects were significantly different; in the former, 103.6mg/dL, 24.6U/L, 13.4g/dL, and in the latter, 93.7mg/dL, 19.9U/L, 13.1g/dL, respectively, The results suggest that practical nutrition education for the prevention of childhood onset obese should be provided to primary school children.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.101-112
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• 2013

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare eating habits and parenting about eating habits of the elementary schoolers in two regions, Seoul and Gangwon-do, in order to understand regional differences. Methods: The respondents of this study included 365 pairs of children and their mothers (150 pairs from Seoul and 213 pairs from Gangwon-do). Data was collected using a structured questionnaire from July to August, 2013. Results: Perceived body type, weight control, and eating habits were significantly different in two regions. Children's eating habits were significantly different by their perception of health status and body type. Their mother's parenting attitude toward eating habits was significantly different by children's weight control and mother's and children's perception of body type. Parenting attitude toward eating habits was not different between two regions by their mothers. eating habits and parenting attitude toward eating habits were significantly correlated. Conclusions: Health provider should consider regional difference when designing health promotion program for elementary students. Especially, when practicing eating habits related program, parents should be participated from the planning stage and provided with the information of the proper body image and weight control.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.577-591
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the difference of the body image recognition, food habits, food behaviors and nutrient intake according to the obesity index(underweight-, normal-, obese group) in children(aged 10.8 ys, 47 boys, 33 girls). Subjects were eva1uated based an anthrofometric measurement and questionnaries including food record diary in Changwon. The results are summarized as follows. The weight, BMI, body fat, waist circumference, hip circumference and birth weight except height showed a significant difference between the three groups(p<0.001). The waist and hip circumference showed the possibility of being a predictor of obesity in children. The children's obesity was related to mother's weight(p<0.01), but not to father's. Ninety percent of the obese group, 47.8% of the normal group, and 37.8% of the underweight group preferred a thinner figure than their current status. The underweight group did more exercise regularly than the other groups. The underweight and obese groups had more irregular meal times and foster eating habits compared to the normal group. Most of subjects(89.9%) had an overeating habit, and tole ratio of the overeating habit increased with obesity. Fifty five percent of the subjects clad the habit of skipping meals, mainly breakfast. 46.8% of the subjects ate snacks more than twice per a day, the underweight and obese groups had snacks more of than the normal group. The preferred snack was 'cookies'and 'fruits ＆ juices'. 53.8% of the subjects had a prejudice for special food(especially 'pulses'(37.9%) and 'vegetables'(31.0%)). The assessment scores of food behaviors was relatively low in most of the subjects. Most nutrient intakes, except vitamin B$_1$, C and phosphate, were lower than those of Korean RDA. The nutrient intake of the normal group was higher than the underweight and obese groups. The results of this study showed some nutritional problems, which indicates the need for nutritional management for the children. To educate children, who are able to change their food habits and lifestyle, each means to help healthy growth and to help them become healthy adults.

• (The)Korea Educational Review
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.175-240
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to understand how the perception and attitude in children's education have changed over the 20th century in South Korea by searching the newspaper articles. The modernization in 20th century brought radical changes in every aspect of Korean society including education. As an educational attitude and policies from the government changed, so did the tones reflected in the newspaper articles. To sum up, there were four (4) principal changes found from this study as follows;Firstly, parental involvement and role as an educator became more important in Korean society and huge generation gap arose in attitudes towards children's education and custody. Secondly, the traditional gender-based roles of mothers' with image of love and fathers' with strength disappeared and mothers' responsibility of children's education were more emphasized during 20th century. Meanwhile, today's society is calling for an immediate return of fathers' involvement and commitment to children's education in the household. Thirdly, as the overflow of information and knowledge in 20th society caused an excessive interest in children's education, there were rising demands for establishing proper views and ideas on children's education. Lastly, the responsibilities of children's education which had been laid on household was expanded to public and government, which can be seen from the fact that an educational support from the government was extended to the children of overseas Korean as well as those residing in Korea.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

Children's drawings are widely used in the diagnosis of children's psychology as a means of expressing inner feelings. This paper proposes a children's drawings-based object detection algorithm applicable to children's psychology analysis. First, the sketch area from the picture was extracted and the data labeling process was also performed. Then, we trained and evaluated a Faster R-CNN based object detection model using the labeled datasets. Based on the detection results, information about the drawing's area, position, or color histogram is calculated to analyze primitive information about the drawings quickly and easily. The results of this paper show that Artificial Intelligence-based object detection algorithms were helpful in terms of psychological analysis using children's drawings.