• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.189-198
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• 1998

Since the male sterilization (vasectomy) has been performed on a large scale as an accepted family planning in Korea on 1980s and this, in turn, has been followed by an increase in the number of patients requesting vasovasostomy. We studies 1000 consecutive cases of vasovasostomy performed from January 1975 to July 1995 in Pusan National University Hospital. In this report, we are going to present serial studies of vasovasostomy through which we attempted to find out what factors are of impotence in influencing the successful outcome of vasovasostomy operation. We inquired the operative results data through the questionnaire and telephone interview with survey of medical records. A total of 259 cases was excluded due to the loss of follow-up. The overall patency and pregnancy rates of 741 cases were 86.9% and 51.1%, respectively. The age of man at the time of anastomosis ranged from 23 to 57 years old with an average of 34.9. The most frequent reason for requesting vasovasostomy was the desire to have more children (43.4%). The average obstructive interval was 60.6 months with range from 1 to 264 months. If the obstructive interval had been less than 5 years patency rate was 92.4% and pregnancy rate 64.8%, but 6 years or more 84.1% and 48.5% (p<0.01, p<0.01). Patency and pegnancy rates according to intraoperative vas fluid were 93.1% and 62.8% for presence and 83.7% and 53.1% for absence (p<0.01, p<0.05). Patency and pregnancy rates according to histologically proven sperm granuloma at vasectomy site were 87.7% and 49.2% for presence and 86.9% and 50.6% for absence (p>0.05, p<0.05). Patency and pregnancy rates were not significantly different between microscopic standard vasovasostomy (88.4%, 64.3%) and modified vasovasostomy (89.5%, 56.3%)(p>0.05, p>0.05). Both patency and pregnancy rates according to level of anastomosis were 89.8% and 59.8% in cases of straight vas and 91.5%, 60.1% in cases of convoluted vas (p>0.05, p>0.05). Patency and pregnancy rates according to the kind of suture materials were 91.5% and 56.2% for absorbable, 91.0% and 64.2% for non-absorbable and 93.3% and 53.3% for absorbable plus non-absorbable, respectively (p>0.05, p<0.05). Thus it is suggested that the important factor influencing the success rate of vasovasostomy is the interval of obstruction and vasal ooze with surgical skills.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.505-521
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• 2013

The purpose of the study is the find out current status and key factors of attendance in private education of gifted students. The results show that 95.9% of gifted students and 94.6% of general students are currently participating in private education. Most percentages of students took English and math programs at the private institutes. Average amount of time students spend for private education was 2~3 hours per day, and most percentage of parents spent 400,000~600,000 won per month for their children's private education. There were no significant differences between the gifted and the general students in the aspects of private education statuses. Regarding the key factors of attendance in private education, improvement of study related skills, school grade management, and influences of surroundings, such as parents and friends, were showed as significant variables in gifted students group. Interestingly, influences of surroundings showed negative effect. For general students and their parents, improvement of study related skills and school grade management factors were significant variables. And for the parents of gifted students, improvement of study related skills and entering higher level schools appeared as significant factors for the participation in private education. Implications of the study were discussed in depth.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.513-538
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• 2013

As a childcare program of TaeHwa Christian Women's Institution in 1921, the childcare system in Korea was incepted. Since then, the political foothold of childcare system has steadily been advancing to provide high quality services to young children. In almost a hundred-year-history of public childcare in Korea, depending on the changes enforced on the related laws and regulations and varying perspectives over time, the administration office accountable for childcare policies has been authorized to the Ministries of Health, Social Affairs, Education, Labor, Home Affairs, Rural Development Administration, and/or others. But as of 1991, under the enactment of Infant and Child Care Act, it was changed to be administered by the unified authority of the Health and Social Welfare Ministry. Then, in 2004 and 2007, its statutory authority, respectively, transferred to the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family and back to the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare. Staring of the Infant and Child Care Act in 1991, Korean childcare policies have been managed by the dual systems of the Education Ministry and the Health and Social Welfare Ministry each holding jurisdiction over kindergartens and childcare centers, respectively. Faced with the recent marked decline of birth rate, diverse childcare policies are currently implemented in the pursuit of finding means to enhance the quality of childcare and to develop policies for the restoration of the low birth rate. This study presented distinct features of current childcare policies and discussed about future directions and challenges of these policies.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.240-246
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• 2014

Mutation in HNF1B, the hepatocyte nuclear factor-$1{\beta}$ (HNF-$1{\beta}$) gene, results in maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) 5, which is characterized by gradual impairment of insulin secretion. However, the functional role of HNF-$1{\beta}$ in insulin secretion and glucose metabolism is not fully understood. We identified a family with early-onset diabetes that fulfilled the criteria of MODY. Sanger sequencing revealed that a heterozygous P159L (CCT to CTT in codon 159 in the DNA-binding domain) mutation in HNF1B was segregated according to the affected status. To investigate the functional consequences of this HNF1B mutation, we generated a P159L HNF1B construct. The wild-type and mutant HNF1B constructs were transfected into COS-7 cells in the presence of the promoter sequence of human glucose transporter type 2 (GLUT2). The luciferase reporter assay revealed that P159L HNF1B had decreased transcriptional activity compared to wild-type (p < 0.05). Electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed reduced DNA binding activity of P159L HNF1B. In the MIN6 pancreatic ${\beta}$-cell line, overexpression of the P159L mutant was significantly associated with decreased mRNA levels of GLUT2 compared to wild-type (p < 0.05). However, INS expression was not different between the wild-type and mutant HNF1B constructs. These findings suggests that the impaired insulin secretion in this family with the P159L HNF1B mutation may be related to altered GLUT2 expression in ${\beta}$-cells rather than decreased insulin gene expression. In conclusion, we have identified a Korean family with an HNF1B mutation and characterized its effect on the pathogenesis of diabetes.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.128-138
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to verify the medial effect of social support in the process of the effect of working mother compatibility on spouse satisfaction. To that end, 727 employed workers who were kept samples until the 10th year (2017) were analyzed out of the data from the Korea Children's Panel Survey. Data analysis was performed for frequency analysis and regularity verification, and correlation and hierarchical regression were performed. In addition, the three-step method of Baron & Kenny (1986) was used to verify the mediated effect of social support. The results of the verification are as follows. First, the advantages of working mothers' work-in-home compatibility have had a static impact on their spouse satisfaction(ß=.164, t=4.078, p<.01). Second, the conflict between working mothers and their families has shown an amulet (-) impact on their spouse satisfaction(ß=-.134, t=-3.438, p<.05). Third, the partial selling effect of social support was verified in the process of the effect of the factors of conflict and advantages of working mothers on their spouse satisfaction. Based on the above research results, the compatibility of working mothers with working families suggested development and application of programs to enhance spouse satisfaction and social support.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.287-293
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• 2011

Objectives : The region of chromosome 5p14 is known to be associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The cadherin9 (CDH9) and cadherin10 (CDH10) genes are located in the region of chromosome 5p14 and reported to be associated with ASD in the Caucasian population. We performed an association study to identify if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located on the CDH9 and CDH10 genes are associated in the Korean population. Methods : Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood of 214 patients with ASD and 258 controls. SNPs selected from two genes were genotyped using an Illumina Golden-Gate Genotyping assay with VeraCode technology. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS and Plink software. Results : All controls and ASD patients were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. In the results of logistic regression analyses for the genotype model and the chi-square test for the allele model, we found that SNPs on the CDH9 and CDH10 genes were not associated with ASD. Conclusion : Our data suggests that the CDH9 and CDH10 genes are not associated with ASD in the Korean population.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.279-301
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• 2004

Relations of factors associated with burnout were investigated among 124 child protective service workers currently working in Korean Child Abuse Prevention Centers nationwide. Three categories of factors associated with burnout were examined; (1) individual characteristics, (2) job-related characteristics, and (3) job-satisfaction. Social survey method using questionnaires by mail was employed. MBI(Maslach Burnout Inventory) for measuring burnout, a part of Smith, Kendal & Hulin's JDI(Job Description Index) for job-satisfaction, and a scale measuring the special characteristics of job developed by researchers were used. Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis test were employed to analyze the data. Across all burnout sub-scales(emotional depletion, dehumanization of clients, lack of feelings of achievement), subjects reported a high degree(above the cutting point) of burnout. Several factors were identified as associated with burnout. Child protective service workers who are young, single with front line worker status reported higher burnout. Lack of education and training before the job location were another factors which contributed to worker burnout. Lack of proper supervision stood out as another burnout provoking factor. Job-satisfaction was negatively correlated with all three burnout sub-scales, which meant the lower the job-satisfaction, the higher the burnout of service workers. The findings implicate that the administrators of Child Abuse Prevention Centers should pay close attention to their workers' sign of burnout and develop carefully designed support system which include provision of excellent supervision, proper education and training opportunities and organizational effort to strengthen employees' overall job-satisfaction to secure their quality of services toward abused children and their family.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.669-677
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to estimate the direct and indirect effects of relevant variables on students' science achievements. Path analysis was conducted with data from middle school to examine the effects of perceived positive parenting attitudes, attitudes toward science, science inquiry skills on the science achievements of middle school students. A total of 502 middle school students from the metropolitan area participated in this study. Results suggest that students' perceptions of positive parenting attitudes had no direct influence on their science inquiry skills. However, the students' attitudes toward science and science inquiry skills were found to have meaningful direct effects on their achievements. Students' perception of positive parenting attitudes also presented a significant direct effect on their attitude toward science. In addition, the students' perceived positive parenting attitude revealed an indirect effect on science achievement, through their own attitudes toward science and science inquiry skills. Research findings called for more educational programs and teaching methods considering students' attitudes toward science and science inquiry skills to improve their science achievements. At home, parents need to have positive parenting attitudes to influence their children's attitudes regarding science.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.191-200
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• 2009

A localized torrential rainfall and flash floods which are more frequently occurred by extraordinary atmospheric phenomena and rising sea surface temperature require more hydrological data collecting and analysis for small watershed. Urban watershed hydrological data monitoring system is needed because of big flood potential damage and lack of urban watershed hydrological data. Therefore, Urban Flood Disaster Management Research Center operates small experimental catchments(Sinnae1, Gunja, and Children's Park) observing and analyzing hydrological data(rainfall, stage, and discharge). In this study, the discharge of combined sewage for Gunja experimental drainage is analyzed with weekly data and day of the week data. Through several analyses in analyzing the urban runoff characteristics and managing the urban sewage system, direct runoff is calibrated and verified by the estimated values of rainfall-runoff model(SWMM).

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.265-290
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• 2012

This study try to analyze the effect that personal and social factors affects the interactions among science gifted students. For this, I analyze the interacting role of science gifted students in social co-construction and scientific model constructing class for phase change and rising-sinking time of moon and categorize according to type. I analyze aspects of interaction and association of each elements in the students after I understand character type self conception friendship a parents-children relationship relation with teachers derived from advanced research through questionnaire and depth interview. After analyzing, I find the following-close friendship form or not and usual school class participation appear important factors that have strong connection with the aspect of the interactions. Also, character type, self conception and relation of parents affect the interactions relatively lower. Through this study, We identify two things. Firstly, We must consider individual's inside factors for making animatedly the interaction among the students. Secondly, We get considering factors that devise the strategies for making the interaction animatedly.