• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.67-79
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the mediating effects of executive function and emotion regulation of preschoolers on the relationships between mothers' affective parenting and preschoolers' peer competence. Methods: The participants were 3 to 5 year old preschoolers and their mothers (N = 241) living in Busan and Kyungnam province. Data analysis methods included descriptive statistics, Cronbach ${\alpha}$, Pearson's correlation analysis, and SEM. Data were analyzed using the SPSS Statistics 23.0 program and Amos 23.0 program. Results: The major findings of this study are as follows. First, mothers' affective parenting, preschoolers' executive function, emotion regulation, and peer competence correlated positively. Second, the relationship between mothers' affective parenting and preschoolers' peer competence was mediated by preschoolers' executive function and emotion regulation. Conclusion: These findings suggest the importance of mediating effects of preschoolers' executive function and emotion regulation on the relationship between mothers' affective parenting and preschoolers' peer competence.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.169-180
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• 2009

This study was performed to examine the emotion expectations and explanations of four participants(an actor, a recipient, a child observer, and an adult observer) in moral, social-conventional, and personal rule transgression situations. Six vignettes describing the rule transgressions were presented to 200 children who were either five or seven years old. The children were asked to predict and explain each participant's emotions. The children's emotion expectations were different depending on the domain of the rule transgressions and on the type of the participant. The actors were predicted to feel happy during all transgressions, while the recipients and two observers(a child and an adult) were predicted to feel unhappy. The seven-year-old children attributed more happiness to the actors, and more negative affect to the recipients compared to the five-year-olds. This result was inconsistent with the previous findings that older children attributed more happiness to actors. This finding was discussed in relation to the 'happy victimizer'. Some categories of emotion explanations were differentiated according to the domain of rule transgressions. The personal rule transgressions, newly defined and examined in this study, were judged to be less serious than the moral rule transgressions in terms of the intensity of the negative affect.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.341-349
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• 2008

This study intends to analyze the importance of design on the basis of the children' emotion, by instancing the child-oriented furniture that contributes to the healthy growing and emotion-development of children. This means the reflection of the will trying to see the main point of design for the child-oriented furniture and it's possibility from another new standpoint. It will be understood how far the furniture influences the children and for that the furniture among others for the preschool children having playing & leaning functions is taken as an object of the study. The scope of study is the child-oriented furniture having playing & learning functions that has been presented for displaying as well as for a commercial use, since 2005. The attempt to find objective factors working positively for the emotion- & behavior development of children through seeking a new design of the child-oriented furniture for playing & learning is for emphasizing the importance of the emotional function, not only the primary function of furniture, at designing the child-oriented furniture. The combination between applications of the specialized material for child education & studies, therefore, has to be handled more importantly. The child-oriented furniture for playing & leaning that stimulates a healthy growing of child not only physically, also emotionally should be constantly and more deeply specialized on child education and design aspects.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.55-56
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• 2012

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.193-204
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• 2014

The aims of this study were to examine whether the preschool children's temperament predicted their emotion regulation in different situations. The participants in this study were 148 3-and 5-year-old children recruited from five child-care centers located in a middle-income region of Seoul. Statistical methods used for the data analysis were the frequencies, means, standard deviations, Pearson correlation, multiple regression. The major findings were as follows. The children's temperament contributed to individual differences in emotion regulation. The 3-year-olds' negative affectivity and surgency significantly predicted their mothers' ratings of the children's emotion regulation in everyday situations. The 5-year-olds' effortful control significantly predicted their teachers' ratings of the children's emotion regulation in everyday situations. In addition, the 5-year-olds' negative affectivity, effortful control, and surgency predicted the mothers' ratings of their children's emotion regulation. These results suggest that children's temperament are contributors to the development of their emotion regulation.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.187-199
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• 2007

The relation of parents' emotion socialization to emotionality in their 5-year-old children was studied in 106 mothers and 105 fathers. They reported on their own family-related emotional expressiveness and on their children's negative emotions by questionnaires; mothers rated children on both positive and negative emotionality. Results showed that mothers expressed positive and negative emotions more frequently, and mothers showed more distress, expressive encouragement, and problem-focused reactions to children's negative emotions than fathers. Mothers' emotional expressiveness was related to children's emotionality, whereas only fathers' negative emotional expressiveness was related to children's negative emotionality. Mothers' distress and punitive reactions were associated with children's positive and negative emotionality. Mothers' problem-focused and emotion-focused and fathers' problem-focused reactions were associated with children's positive emotionality.

• Journal of Family Relations
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.25-45
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore socio-demographic factors, personality factors, socio-psychological factors, and relationship factors related to happiness of young children's fathers. Method: Subjects of this study were fathers who had 3, 4 and 5 years old children attending childcare centers. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 program. Results: First, father's subjective well-being was predicted by father's extraversion of personality, job satisfaction, satisfaction of economic status, marital intimacy, and relationship with child. Marital intimacy was the strongest predictor of father's subjective well-being. Second, father's global life satisfaction was associated with occupational status, family monthly income, father's extraversion of personality, satisfaction of economic status, marital intimacy, and relationship with child. Father's global life satisfaction was explained by satisfaction of economic status the most. Third, father's meaning of life was related to father's educational level, father's extraversion of personality, job satisfaction, satisfaction of economic status, marital intimacy, and relationship with child. Father's meaning of life was explained by relationship with child the most. Fourth, father's positive emotion was predicted by father's extraversion of personality, job satisfaction, satisfaction of economic status, marital intimacy, and relationship with child. Extraversion of personality was the strongest predictor for father's positive emotion. Fifth, neuroticism of personality and marital intimacy were related to father's negative emotion, and neuroticism of personality was the strongest predictor for father's negative emotion. Conclusions: The findings of this research provide the fundamental source for increasing father's happiness which can be used to establish the educational programs, counseling, and policy on general public's happiness.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.11
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• pp.61-72
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate parental emotion regulation and children's understanding of emotional display rules. 31 boys and 29 girls of the first and fourth grades and their parents were selected for the subject. Sixty children were interviewed on eight interpersonal conflict situations and parent completed the PACES(Saarni, 1985) separately. The main results of this study were as follows. 1) Children's understanding of emotional display rules increased with age. 2) Children's primary justification for using emotional display rules was self-protective one. Girls used more often prosocial justification than boys. 3) Parental emotion regulation was significantly different between the two contexts: a child might cause another person substantial emotional distress and a child didn't cause another person substantial emotional distress. 4) Parental regulation was differed by children's age in the context that the child might cause another person substantial emotional distress. 5) Father's regulation was differed by children's sex in the context that the child might cause another person substantial emotional distress. 6) Maternal regulation was positively correlated to the level of emotional display rules in the context that the child might cause another person substantial emotional distress.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.17-30
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between surface/deep acting in emotion labor, the collectivism and the organizational commitment of teachers in kindergartens and childcare centers. The subjects were 212 teachers employed in kindergartens or childcare centers in Daegu and Gyeongbuk Province. The collected data were analyzed by mean of Pearson's correlation, simple regression, hierarchial regression, by the use of SPSS Win 15.0. The results of our study are as follows. (1) Collectivism was positively associated with deep acting in emotion labor but not with surface acting. (2) Organizational commitment was positively associated with deep acting in emotion labor but not with surface acting. (3) Collectivism operated as a main effect with organizational commitment being observed to increase as collectivism increased. In addition, interaction effects of deep acting in emotion labor and collectivism on organizational commitment were observed, however, no interaction effects were seen in term of surface acting in emotion labor and collectivism on organizational commitment.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.145-166
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• 2015

The main purpose of this study was to examine the direct and indirect effects of maternal meta-emotion on preschoolers' emotional intelligence through mothers' emotion socialization. A total of 252 preschool-aged children and their mothers residing in the Seoul Metropolitan and Gyeonggi-do areas participated in this study. The mothers completed questionnaires regarding their meta-emotion, emotion socialization and preschoolers' emotional intelligence. The results of the study indicated that maternal meta-emotion did not have a direct effect on preschoolers' emotional intelligence. However, maternal meta-emotion did indeed have an indirect effect on preschoolers' emotional intelligence through emotion socialization styles. That is, mothers who had desirable beliefs about emotions provided supportive reactions to children's negative emotion expression and showed positive emotions more frequently in the family. In addition, the preschoolers of mothers who showed positive emotion socialization styles were reported to be more emotionally intelligent. The findings of this study suggest that maternal meta-emotion and emotion socialization are important in predicting preschoolers' emotional intelligence.