• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.251-259
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• 1986

This study was performed to assess the effect of inosiplex(ISP) on the resistance of mice Candida albicans infection, the migration of chicken leukocytes, the production of leukocyte migration inhibitory factor(LIF), and the cell-mediated immunity(CMI) to lepomin in multibacillary lepromatous leprosy patients. The treatment with ISP before or on the time of infection with C. albicans had no or deliterious effect, and treatment with ISP after infection had no effect on the recovery of C. albicans from the kidneys of mice. The migratory ability of chicken leukocytes and the production of LIF from splenocytes of mice were not affected by ISP treatment. However, ISP decreased the migration of chicken leukocytes in vitro, and this decrease was dose-dependent. The therapy of lepromatous leprosy patients with ISP for 10 or 30 days clearly showed the increase of the significant positive rate of Mitsuda skin test to lepromin. The immune recovery as a result of the therapy was found to be the best in the group of patients treated for 30 days. This results suggest that (1) the effect of ISP in renal candidiasis can vary depending on the time of treatment relative to infection, (2) ISP can primarily change the migratory ability of chicken leukocytes but does not affect the production of LIF in mice, and (3) the classical therapy combined with ISP can reinforce or restore the defences of lepromatous leprosy patients against Mycobacterium leprae.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.430-436
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• 2009

소나무껍질 추출물인 피타민은 다양한 생리활성을 발휘하는 항산화 및 항균제로서 알려져 있으며, 이러한 물질은 또한 인간의 삶에서 폭넓게 이용되었다. 브로일러 사료 내 피타민 프리믹스가 닭가슴살의 품질특성, TBARS 평가 및 관능평가에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해서 35일간의 실험을 수행하였다. 실험처리구 4개는 대조구, 항생제 0.1% 첨가구, 피타민 프리믹스 0.1%, 피타민 프리믹스 0.2% 첨가구로 구분하였다. 닭 가슴살의 단백질과 아미노산 함량은 각 처리구간 통계적인 유의차가 없었다. 피타민 프리믹스 첨가사료를 섭취한 닭고기의 pH는 대조구 및 항생제 첨가구 보다도 낮았으나, 닭 가슴살의 보수력은 피타민 프리믹스 첨가구가 대조구 및 항생제 첨가구에 비해서 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 닭 껍질을 포함한 다리살의 TBARS 값은 저장일수가 증가함에 따라서 높아지는 경향이었으며, 피타민 프리믹스 첨가구가 대조구 및 항생제 첨가구에 비해서 유의적으로 낮았다(p<0.05). 항생제 첨가구를 제외한 삶은 닭고기의 관능평가 성적은 피타민 프리믹스 첨가구가 대조구에 비해서 유의적으로 높았다(p<0.05). 이 결과는 브로일러 사료 내 피타민 프리믹스가 닭고기의 품질, 맛, 향 그리고 저장성을 향상시킬 수 있음을 시사해준다.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.119-124
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• 1999

Food allergies play an important role in Atopic Dermatitis (AD). Dietary manipulation is essential in the management of AD. However, there has been a paucity of data reporting the prevalence of food allergies in AD patients in Korea. In this study, the Food Open Challenge Tests (FOCT) were conducted to investigate food allergies in AD patients. The skin-prick test and the detection of specific IgE, as well as allergy history of patient were used to detect food allergies in all AD patients. Elimination diet was conducted for two weeks prior to FOCTs. The prevalence of food allergies by FOCT is as follows: milk (67.3%); chicken (64.2%); pork (62.8%); eggs (61.0%); beef(55.4%) ; wheat (52.0%) and soybean (45.2%). Allergenic food items in Korean AD patients were different from people in other foreign countries. The seven major foods those tested positively by FOCTs were completely eliminated from the replaced diets for two weeks, and were subsequently reintroduced one at a time. Results from FOCTs were not comparable with allergy history or skin-prick tests or specific IgE detection. The sensitivity and specificity of skin-prick tests and specific IgE detection were lower than FOCTs. Allergy history, skin-prick tests, and specific IgE detection are useful for the identification of food allergen but its clinical significance differed according to food items. Therefore, we conclude that even though a 10-day delay was necessary after food challenge, FOCT is a useful and valid method to confirm food allergies and may be essential for the effective control of food allergies for treatment of AD.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.301-306
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 계육 창상부위의 원인이 되는 세균을 동정하였다. 계육의 등과 다리 창상 부위로부터 무작위 선별법을 통해 총 10주의 균주를 분리하였다. 순수 분리 배양된 균주의 세포막 지방산 조성 분석 결과, 5 균주가 높은 유효성을 지녔으며, Shigella sonnei, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli로 동정되었다. 또한 16S rRNA sequence를 실시한 결과, 동정된 균주는 Shigella sonnei(99%), Proteus mirabilis(99%) 그리고 Escherichia coli(99%)와 높은 염기서열 상동성을 나타냈다. 따라서 본 연구에서 조사된 계육의 등과 다리 부위 주요 창상 원인균은 Shigella sonnei, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli인 것으로 밝혀졌다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.1026-1034
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• 2000

As described here, most recently developed methods for improving reproduction performance of domesticated animals such as cattle, swine and chicken have been considered to be also usable for restoring some sorts of endangered and/or extinct wild animals in the very near future. Especially, the techniques for in vitro storage of gametes obtained from dead animals shortly after the death, probably 24 h following the sacrifice are also available for obtaining some of experimental specimens. In case of the endangered animals, nobody will be allowed to use any tissues from the living animals, therefore, e.g., the use of skin tissues from these bodies is another possibility of restoring the living animals. Regarding the use of skin tissues, the most highly usable tools must be the cloning techniques for reviving rare cells from the living body. Most possible techniques for cloning cells is nuclear transfer from rare species to highly relative species, and this is the case of germ cells, e.g., primordial germ cells (PGCs) of avian species. One of the possibilities is the nuclear transfer of Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) to the PGCs of chicken, resulting in the PGCs with transferred nucleus from the ibis. In mammalian species, the same procedure as in the case of birds would be successful, e.g., the removed nucleus from Giant Pandas will be transferred to the cell, such as somatic cells or germ cells from black bears or lesser pandas, leading to the production of transnucleared cells in the body of female black bears. These two cases are most promising techniques for reviving endangered animals in the world, particularly in Asian countries, mainly in China. As a conclusion, possible production of cloned animals carrying transnucleared cells from endangered animals, such as Giant Pandas and Crested Ibis, may be reproduced gradually in the near future. Scientists are, therefore, required to convert the paradigm from domestic animals to wild animals, including endangered and/or extinct animals on the earth.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.407-420
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• 2022

Chicken dominates meat consumption because it is low in fat and high in protein and has less or no religious and cultural barriers. Recently, meat quality traits have become the focus of the poultry industry more than ever. Currently, poultry farming is focusing on meat quality to satisfy meat consumer preferences, which are mostly based on high-quality proteins and a low proportion of saturated fatty acids. Meat quality traits are polygenic traits controlled by many genes. Thus, it is difficult to improve these traits using the conventional selection method because of their low to moderate heritability. These traits include pH, colour, drop loss, tenderness, intramuscular fat (IMF), water-holding capacity, flavour, and many others. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are an efficient genomic tool that identifies the genomic regions and potential candidate genes related to meat quality traits. Due to their impact on the economy, meat quality traits are used as selection criteria in breeding programs. Various genes and markers related to meat quality traits in chickens have been identified. In chickens, GWAS have been successfully done for intramuscular fat (IMF) content, ultimate pH (pHu) and meat and skin colour. Moreover, GWAS have identified 7, 4, 4 and 6 potential candidate genes for IMF, pHu, meat colour and skin colour, respectively. Therefore, the current review summarizes the significant genes identified by genome-wide association studies for meat quality traits in chickens.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.1348-1354
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• 2003

The feeding value of high-oil corn fed to Taiwan Country (TC) chicken was examined by measuring apparent metabolizable energy (AME), growth performance, sexual maturity, carcass characteristics, and plasma pigmentation. In a completely randomized design, 870 sex-intermingled one-wk-old chicks were assigned to one of 30 floor pens, 29 birds per pen, and each pen randomly assigned to one of five dietary treatments. The experiment was ended when birds were 16 wk of age. The five dietary treatments varied in main fat sources, which were corn oil (CO), high-oil corn (HOC), lard (LRD), whole soybean (WSB) and yellow corn (YC), respectively. All the diets were formulated isonitrogenously, isocalorically, and of equal lysine and methionine contents except YC, in which equal amounts of YC replaced HOC. The results indicated that feed conversion in HOC was 8% higher (p<0.05) than YC whereas the calculated AME of HOC was only 3.5% to 4.0% higher than that of YC. No significant differences were observed in body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio and ME efficiency for body weight gain among CO, HOC, LRD, and WSB. No significant differences existed in both skin and muscle pigmentation of breast among the five dietary treatments. No significance differences existed in plasma carotenoid content measured at various ages among the five dietary treatments except that birds fed with HOC had less (p<0.05) plasma carotenoids at 16 wk-old. The results indicate that if the price of high-oil corn is no more than 1.05 times that of yellow corn, the dietary cost per kg of body weight gain for TC chickens fed diets containing high-oil corn will be less, although their body weight may be lighter compared to chickens fed diets formulated with other fat sources.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.12-18
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• 2017

Background Nonliving chickens are commonly used as a microvascular anastomosis training model. However, previous studies have investigated only a few types of vessel, and no study has compared the characteristics of the various vessels. The present study evaluated the anatomic characteristics of various chicken vessels as a training model. Methods Eight vessels-the brachial artery, basilic vein, radial artery, ulnar artery, ischiatic artery and vein, cranial tibial artery, and common dorsal metatarsal artery-were evaluated in 26 fresh chickens and 30 chicken feet for external diameter (ED) and thicknesses of the tunica adventitia and media. The dissection time from skin incision to application of vessel clamps was also measured. Results The EDs of the vessels varied. The ischiatic vein had the largest ED of $2.69{\pm}0.33mm$, followed by the basilic vein ($1.88{\pm}0.36mm$), ischiatic artery ($1.68{\pm}0.24mm$), common dorsal metatarsal artery ($1.23{\pm}0.23mm$), cranial tibial artery ($1.18{\pm}0.19mm$), brachial artery ($1.08{\pm}0.15mm$), ulnar artery ($0.82{\pm}0.13mm$), and radial artery ($0.56{\pm}0.12mm$), and the order of size was consistent across all subjects. Thicknesses of the tunica adventitia and media were also diverse, ranging from $74.09{\pm}19.91{\mu}m$ to $158.66{\pm}40.25{\mu}m$ (adventitia) and from $31.2{\pm}7.13{\mu}m$ to $154.15{\pm}46.48{\mu}m$ (media), respectively. Mean dissection time was <3 minutes for all vessels. Conclusions Our results suggest that nonliving chickens can provide various vessels with different anatomic characteristics, which can allow trainees the choice of an appropriate microvascular anastomosis training model depending on their purpose and skillfulness.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.378-386
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• 2015

We investigated the antioxidant, physicochemical, and sensory characteristics of dried type sodium reduced chicken bibimbap using dandelion complex extract powder of AF-343 (DCEP) as a home meal replacement. The DCEP is known to add moisture to the skin and to relieve the symptoms of atopic dermatitis. The sodium content of the standard sample was 1,190 mg per serving. The sodium was significantly reduced by 30%, resulting in 820 mg of sodium for the reduced-sodium group (p<0.05). The ash contents of the standard sample group with the DCEP showed significantly the highest value at 6.01% in all of the samples as affected by the minerals of the DCEP (p<0.05). Sensory characteristics of savory aroma, savory flavor, cooked vegetable flavor and hardness in all the samples did not show significant differences, implying that addition of DCEP and 30% sodium reduction did not have undesirable effects on those sensory attributes. Furthermore, chicken flavor, which was a bit oily in the standard samples tended to decrease slightly, leaving a desirable savory flavor increased in the reduced sodium groups. In acceptance tests, the samples did not show any significant differences, indicating that the DCEP added sodium-reduced samples may be potentially acceptable to consumers. Total flavonoid contents, ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging activity, indicators of biologically active ingredients such as antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial activities significantly increased with the amount of DCEP added (p<0.05).

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.177-182
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• 2008

본 연구는 육계를 도계장에 도착한 후 수송 차량위에서 $1{\sim}2$시간, $7{\sim}8$시간, $14{\sim}15$시간 동안 계류시키면서 일반 도계장에서 사용하는 방법으로 도체를 처리하고, 통닭 및 부분육의 품질을 조사하였다. 계류 시간에 따른 통닭의 품질은 계류 시간이 짧은 $1{\sim}2$시간 처리구에서 계류 시간이 긴 $14{\sim}15$시간 처리구보다 $1^+$ 등급 출현율이 14% 정도 많이 나타났고, 특히 부분육에서 가슴육의 $1^+$ 등급 출현율이 계류 $1{\sim}2$시간 처리구에서 15% 정도 높게 나타났다. 가슴육의 PSE 출현율이 도계장내에서 육계가 수송 트럭위에서 장시간 계류함에 따라 높게 나타났다. 도체의 pH 변화는 짧은 $1{\sim}2$시간 계류보다 $7{\sim}8$시간 계류에서 보다 낮은 pH를 나타냈으나, 계류 시간이 $14{\sim}15$시간으로 장기화될 때 다시 $1{\sim}2$시간 계류와 비슷한 값을 나타냈다. 육색에서 명도는 $1{\sim}2$시간 계류 보다 $7{\sim}8$시간 계류에서 보다 낮은 명도 값을 나타내었다. 계류 시간이 $14{\sim}15$시간으로 증가함에 따라 근육 및 표피에서 다시 상승하는 경향을 나타냈다. 적색도 값은 계류 시간에 따라 큰 차이가 없었으나, 황색도 값에서는 짧은 $1{\sim}2$시간 계류에 비하여 $7{\sim}8$시간, $14{\sim}15$시간 계류에서 더 낮은 황색도 값을 나타내었다. 육색에 대해 전체적 고찰하였을 경우, 계류 $7{\sim}8$시간에서 육색 변화가 비교적 낮게 나타났다. 결과적으로 장시간 계류하는 것은 전체적으로 닭고기 품질을 저하시키는 큰 요인으로 작용하였다.