• 제목/요약/키워드: Chemical density

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Bamboo사 평 편조직 위편성물의 형태안정성에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Dimensional Characteristics of the Weft Knitted Fabrics with Bamboo Knitted Yarn)

  • 최재우;장봉식;이은우;김동엽
    • 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.79-82
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    • 2012
  • Aim of this study is to investigate the dimensional characteristics of the weft knitted fabrics with Bamboo knitted yarn. This Bamboo knitted yarn was made of the biodegradability fiber. The structure of weft knitted fabrics that was utilized for this study is the plain stitch, which is the most basic structure among all weft knitted fabrics. The loop density, courses density, and wales density are more increased as the loop length is shorter. The loop density increased as pre-treatment process and dyeing process progressed after dry treatment process, and on the contrary, the heat setting process made it decreasing. After the dyeing process proceed, the loop density and the course density were displayed the highest values. When the knitted fabrics were fully relaxed, the loop density was $2000/in^2$, the courses density was 52/in, the wales density was 39/in.

Chemical Shift Artifact Correction in MREIT

  • Minhas, Atul S.;Kim, Young-Tae;Jeong, Woo-Chul;Kim, Hyung-Joong;Lee, Soo-Yeol;Woo, Eung-Je
    • 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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    • 제30권6호
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    • pp.461-468
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    • 2009
  • Magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (MREIT) enables us to perform high-resolution conductivity imaging of an electrically conducting object. Injecting low-frequency current through a pair of surface electrodes, we measure an induced magnetic flux density using an MRI scanner and this requires a sophisticated MR phase imaging method. Applying a conductivity image reconstruction algorithm to measured magnetic flux density data subject to multiple injection currents, we can produce multi-slice cross-sectional conductivity images. When there exists a local region of fat, the well-known chemical shift phenomenon produces misalignments of pixels in MR images. This may result in artifacts in magnetic flux density image and consequently in conductivity image. In this paper, we investigate chemical shift artifact correction in MREIT based on the well-known three-point Dixon technique. The major difference is in the fact that we must focus on the phase image in MREIT. Using three Dixon data sets, we explain how to calculate a magnetic flux density image without chemical shift artifact. We test the correction method through imaging experiments of a cheese phantom and postmortem canine head. Experimental results clearly show that the method effectively eliminates artifacts related with the chemical shift phenomenon in a reconstructed conductivity image.

Theoretical Study on Hydrophobicity of Amino Acids by the Solvation Free Energy Density Model

  • Kim, Jun-Hyoung;Nam, Ky-Youb;Cho, Kwang-Hwi;Choi, Seung-Hoon;Noh, Jae-Sung;No, Kyoung-Tai
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제24권12호
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    • pp.1742-1750
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    • 2003
  • In order to characterize the hydrophobic parameters of N-acetyl amino acid amides in 1-octanol/water, a theoretical calculation was carried out using a solvation free energy density model. The hydrophobicity parameters of the molecules are obtained with the consideration of the solvation free energy over the solvent volume surrounding the solute, using a grid model. Our method can account for the solvent accessible surface area of the molecules according to conformational variations. Through a comparison of the hydrophobicity of our calculation and that of other experimental/theoretical works, the solvation free energy density model is proven to be a useful tool for the evaluation of the hydrophobicity of amino acids and peptides. In order to evaluate the solvation free energy density model as a method of calculating the activity of drugs using the hydrophobicity of its building blocks, the contracture of Bradykinin potentiating pentapeptide was also predicted from the hydrophobicity of each residue. The solvation free energy density model can be used to employ descriptors for the prediction of peptide activities in drug discovery, as well as to calculate the hydrophobicity of amino acids.

High-Performance and Fabrication of Graphene-based Flexible Supercapacitor

  • Ra, Eun Ju;Han, Jae Hee;Kim, Kiwoong;Lee, Sun Suk;Kim, Tae-Ho;An, Ki-Seok;Lim, Jongsun
    • 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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    • pp.442-442
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    • 2014
  • Although electrochemical capacitors (ECs), also known as supercapacitors or ultracapacitors, is one of the most promising energy-storage devices because of its high power density, super-high cycle life, and safe operation. We herein report a synthesis of graphene-based flexible films by kneading method. Thus, a device can be readily made by sandwiching a polymer membrane included ionic liquid electrolytes between two identical graphene-based flexible films. Devices made with these electrodes exhibit ultrahigh energy density values while maintaining the high power density and excellent cycle stability of ECs. Moreover, these ECs maintain excellent electrochemical attributes under high mechanical stress and thus hold promise for high-energy, flexible electronics.

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Density Functional Theory for Calculating the OH Stretching Frequency of Water Molecules

  • Jeon, Kiyoung;Yang, Mino
    • 대한화학회지
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    • 제60권6호
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    • pp.410-414
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    • 2016
  • The anharmonic frequency of a local OH stretching mode of a water monomer and dimer was calculated using various levels of density functional theory. The quantum chemical potential energy curves as a function of the OH bond distance were calculated, and they were fitted with the Morse potential function to analytically obtain the fundamental transition frequency. By comparing those values with the frequencies similarly calculated using an ab initio quantum chemical method, the coupled cluster theory including both single and double excitations with the perturbative inclusion of triple excitation in the complete basis limit, the accuracy of various density functional methods in the calculation of anharmonic vibration frequency of water molecules was assessed. For a water monomer, X3LYP and B3LYP methods give the best accuracy, whereas for a water dimer, B972, LCBLYP, ${\omega}B97X$, ${\omega}B97$ methods show the best performance.

The Preparation of Non-aqueous Supercapacitors with Lithium Transition-Metal Oxide/Activated Carbon Composite Positive Electrodes

  • Kim, Kyoung-Ho;Kim, Min-Soo;Yeu, Tae-Whan
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제31권11호
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    • pp.3183-3189
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    • 2010
  • In order to increase the specific capacitance and energy density of supercapacitors, non-aqueous supercapacitors were prepared using lithium transition-metal oxides and activated carbons as active materials. The electrochemical properties were analyzed in terms of the content of lithium transition-metal oxides. The results of cyclic voltammetry and AC-impedance analyses showed that the pseudocapacitance may stem from the synergistic contributions of capacitive and faradic effects; the former is due to the electric double layer which is prepared in the interface of activated carbon and organic electrolyte, and the latter is due to the intercalation of lithium ($Li^+$) ions. The specific capacitance and energy density of a supercapacitor improved as the lithium transition-metal oxides content increased, showing 60% increase compared to those of supercapacitor using a pure activated carbon positive electrode.

이중실관 반응기에서 E. coli의 고농도 배양 (High Density Cell Cultivation of Escherichia coli in a Dual Hollow Fiber Bioreactor)

  • Chung, Bong-Hyun;Chang, Ho-Nam;Kim, In-Ho
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.209-212
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    • 1985
  • 산소 투과율이 좋은 silicone tube안쪽에 nutrient 공급을 위한 3개의 isotropic polypropylene hollow fiber 3개를 넣어 제작된 이중 실관 반응기에서 E. coli cell을 immobilization 하여 cell density와 packing characteristics를 조사해 보았다. E. coli cell들은 거의 100% Packing되어 동물조직에서 처럼 층을 이루면서 자랐고 ceil density를 측정해 본 결과 약 550g/$\ell$고농도 세포배양이 가능하였다.

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