• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.72-83
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• 1997

Forty six natural habitats of Korean lespedeza(Leapedeza stipulacea Maxim.) were investigated for the growth characteristics, mineral contents of plant and the physico-chemical properties of natural habitat's soil compared with the upland soil nearby the habitat. The results obtained were summarized as follows. Plant height and dry matter yield were higher in the samples taken in late than early August showing large variation within the sampling date and location. Korean lespedeza showed higher contents of Fe and Mn, but lower contents of K, Ca, Mg and Cu than Alfalfa. The contents of P and Zn were about the same. The natural habitat showed higher soil pH and Ca content but lower contents of $P_2O_5$, K, and organic matter than the vicinity of natural habitats and the average soil of Korea. The contents of Mg were about the same. The soil texture of natural habitats showed much higher portion of sand and extremely low portions of silt and clay than both area. Korean lespedeza is so well adapted to the soil with low fertilizer and organic matter that other crops and most weeds fail. It also appears to thrive on the sandy loams, loamy sands of the piedmont region such as waste land and on the similar soils with variously physico-chemical properties.

• Proceedings of the Turfgrass Society of Korea Conference
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• 2004.01a
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• pp.24-31
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• 2004

This experiment was carried out to study an effect of liquid fertilizer contained amino acids(LFcAA) on the growth of Bentgrass(Agrostis palustris Huds. penncross) and the change of soil chemicals characteristics. In tested soil, the utilization rate of nitrogen in treatment was more than control. Fresh weight, dry weight and concentration of T-N, Mg and chlorophyll were increased in grass treated LFcAA. These results suggested that treatment of LFcAA was promoted utilization of nitrogen in soil and growth of bentgrass.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.77-86
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• 2002

Soil color characteristics were measured by a optical instrument, colorimeter, comparing with the conventional Munsell color chart and related to the chemical properties of soils. Total of the 67 experimental soils were taken from tobacco fields that located at Cheongwon, Enmseong, Boeun, Goesan, Jincheon, and Chungju countries in Chungbuk Province having the 29 soil series including Samgag. The values of L, a, and b measured by colorimeter were closely related with hue, value, and chroma of Munsell color chart, respectively, indicating the quantitative measurement of soil color characteristics. The standard deviations in measurement for L, a, and b values was smaller in soil sample passed by 0.5 mm sieve than 2 mm sieve, suggesting that soil particle size less than 0.5 mm was better condition for colorimeter measurement. The values of L and b measured by colorimeter showed a tendency to decrease as increase of soil moisture content but nearly on difference with moisture condition for the value of a. However, correlation coefficient between air dry samples and wet soil samples(soil moisture retension of -10 hPa) for measurements of L, a and b value were more than 0.9 showing the same tendency in measurement. Consequently, air dry soil passed by 0.5 mm sieve was recommended to desirable conditions for stable measurement by colorimeter. The measured values by colorimeter were significantly correlated with organic matter, CEC, exchangeable Ca and Mg, showing the highest correlation coefficient between L value and organic matter.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.64 no.2
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• pp.37-45
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• 2022

In-situ pilot experiment was carried out to establish a countermeasure on the soil loss from the hill side uplands that was rehabilitated by soil remediation method nearby abandoned mine sites for 2 years. It was considered that the affect of an inclination of cover surface, a stabilization treatment of cover layer by lime and steel refining slag (SRS) and a vegetation of soil surface as an effect factors in the experiment. It was constructed 4 lysimeters (plots, 22 m long, 4 m width) on the hilly side (37% inclination). One plot was control and two plots was treated by 1% lime and SRS. A remind one plot was modified a inclination to 27% to compare the affect of inclination on the amount of cover soil loss. It was attached a reservior tank and water level gauge in the end of lysimeters to measure the amount of the surface water flow and soil loss. It was also installed the automated sensors that could be collect the precipitation, soil moisture content, tension of cover layer in each plots. It was observed that the event of precipitation were caused the soil loss and it were related the physical and chemical properties of cover soil and inclination of surface layer of plots. During the experiment, it was exceeded the national regulation (50 t/ha/yr) in 37% inclination plots even though it was vegetated on the cover soil surface. However, in 27% inclination plot, it was shown that the amount of soil loss was maintained below the national regulation and, more ever, vegetation could reduce the the amount of soil loss. Therefore it was expected that such results could be applied to the future design of rehabilitation projects on the polluted farmland nearby abandoned mine sites.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.16-22
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• 2006

This study was carried out to estimate the physical and chemical soil characteristics in highway cutting slope areas. The soil was sampled in cutting area and natural vegetation area that was located in the upper areas of the highway cutting slope. The average total soil depth, bulk density, and soil hardness were bad in the highway cutting slope sites. The sandy loam was the most soil texture in the study area. The concentration of soil organic matter and nitrogen were very low in all highway cutting areas. The concentration of exchangeable cations was similar between the highway cutting slope and the natural vegetation sites in each highway. The soil pH was higher in highway cutting slope areas than in natural vegetation sites. In conclusion, chemical and physical properties of soil were bad in the cutting slope than in the natural vegetation area because of the loss of soil by cutting of slope area and less organic matter input by less vegetation in the highway cutting slope area. We should employ possible method to reduce the loss of soil, and compost and fertilization treatment could help to increase soil nutrient content in the cutting slope area.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2003.03a
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• pp.217-222
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate the geotechnical characteristics and field application of soil mixed with waste lime. Waste lime used in this study is producted as a by-product in the manufacturing process of making Na$_2$CO$_3$from local chemical factory in Incheon. Currently about 320 milton tons of waste lime are accumulated and annually 100,000 tons are producted. In this study, feasible use of waste lime mixed with granited whathered soil, clay, crushed rock was invesigated through laboratory tests including specific gravity test, sieve analysis, hydrometer analysis, compaction test, CBR test. Field investigations were conducted on the road construction site in Incheon.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.28-32
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• 2000

There are many different chemical pollutants that originate from atmospheric deposition and transportational activities along roads. This paper review the characteristics of heavy metal pollution, relationships between land use and pollutant load in urban area. Four land use areas in Seoul were selected for sampling and study with different characteristics during the period from April 1998 and February 2000. A series of studies have been carried out concerning the physicochemical characteristics of the sediments settling down in a gully pot to evaluate the contamination for heavy metals. The sediment samples from gully pots were characterized by the chemical extraction experiments. Sediments are characterized by very high concentrations of heavy metals, probably because of a long-term accumulation of vehicle- and industrial-related pollutants. The characteristics of heavy metal pollution show that each land use has different sources of contaminations. Mean Zn concentration in Yeouido and Junggu areas is 2-3 times higher than those in Dobonggu area. This suggests that Zn may be derived from the source of automobile traffic. The mean concentrations of Cu and Cr are very significantly high in Junggu and Gurogu areas and indicate that the industrial activities may contribute to the accumulation of Cu and Cr in sediments. The low Pb levels throughout the whole study areas in Seoul can be accounted for the use of unleaded gasoline since 1987.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.299-305
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• 2000

To determine the effects of underlayer vegetation on soil properties, the profiles, physical, and chemical properties of soil were investigated upon Fagus multinervis -Rumohra standishii, Fagus multinervis - typical, and Fagus multinervis -Sasa kurilensis subcommunities that was growing at Songinbong area of Ullungdo. There were little differences in soil profile properties among the three subcommunities. Also, there were little differences in physical and chemical properties of soil among the three subcommunities, except exchangeable Ca concentration in 0-10 cm soil depth. However, the soils of the study area in 0-10 cm soil depth comprised high organic matter and total N concentration as in an average value of 21.6% and 0.74%, respectively. Also, the soil showed very low bulk density and pH as in an average value of 0.43 g/㎤ and 4.4 in 0-10 cm soil depth, respectively. Due to the high soil organic matter and total N concentrations and the low bulk density and pH, the soil properties of Songinbong area are different from those of other forest in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.206-213
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• 2008

We observed the physical and chemical properties of a soil on pine mushroom picking areas where were located in the most upper and lower parts showing a comparative climatic characteristics in Korea. The slope gradients within the investigation areas which were divided into 100 quadrates of $1m^2$ ranged from $5.7{\sim}8.6{\beta}$ to $24{\sim}22.7{\beta}$ (left to right) and $4.5{\sim}6.8{\beta}$ to $13.5{\sim}17.8{\beta}$ (top to bottom) for Ponghwa and Gansung, respectively. The amount of clay and thickness of organic matter were significantly decreased with increasing slope gradient, resulting in decrease of the soil moisture content around a fairly ring-colony of Tricholoma matsutake which was observed under the relatively thicker organic matter layer beyond 3 cm depth. Soil pHswere weak acid and average EC was $0.44dS\;m^{-1}$ in both areas. The cations were in the order of Fe K > Na > Mg > Ca and Fe > K > Na > Ca > Mg for the upper(Gansung) and the lower (Ponghwa) part. And the amount of Fe was approximately $80dS\;m^{-1}$ or greater in the pine mushroom picking soil. From this, we could assume that the growth of the pine mushroom was closely related not only with iron but also soil moisture content.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.215-226
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• 2022

This study aims to investigate the soil environment characteristics of the Abies koreana community, which is currently showing a continuous decline in its size, in order to provide fundamental data for the management and creation of a conservation plan for the Abies koreana communities at the Korean national parks of Sobaeksan, Deogyusan, and Jirisan. Soil depth investigations were conducted at depths deeper than 40 cm into the B horizon at most study sites, except for the Dwaejipyeongjeon and Byeoksoryeong sites. The soil water content exceeded 30% on average, and these soils showed low bulk density levels. The soil texture was found to be the loamy or silty loam type at most study sites. It was also found in a chemical characteristic assessment that the soil samples contained more than 10% organic matter at most study sites. The cation exchange capacity (C.E.C.) and total N concentration levels were also high at most study sites. However, the soil showed low exchangeable K⁺, Na⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺ levels at most study sites. Finally, the pH values were 4.90, 4.53, and 4.60 at soil depths of 10 cm at the Sobaeksan, Deogyusan and Jirisan sites, respectively, outcomes that are notably lower than the average levels in soil from Korean forests according to the literature. This appears to be due to the cold and wet climate of these subalpine regions given the reduced leaf-litter decomposition rate and accumulation of organic acids.