• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제42권6호
• /
• pp.375-378
• /
• 2016

Human bite injury to the eyelid is extremely rare and poses a significant challenge in surgical reconstruction. We report an extremely rare case of human bite injury to the eyelid in a 43-year-old male with approximately 60% full thickness loss of the upper eyelid and 80% to 90% full thickness loss of the lower eyelid and its successful reconstruction using the local advancement cheek flap.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제29권7호
• /
• pp.959-967
• /
• 2005

The color of apparels has the interaction of the face skin colors of the wearers. This study was carried out to classify the face skin colors of Korean males into several similar face skin colors in order to extract favorable colors which flatter to their face skin colors. The criterion that select the new subjects who have the classified face skin colors have to be decided. With color spectrometer, JX-777, face skin colors of subjects were measured quantitatively and classified into three clusters that had similar hue, value and chroma with Munsell Color System. Sample size was 418 Korean males and other 15 of new males subjects. Data were analyzed by K-means cluster analysis, ANOVA, Duncan multiple range test, Stepwise discriminant analysis using SPSS Win. 12. Findings were as follows: 1. 418 subjects who have YR colors were clustered into 3 kinds of face skin color groups. 2. Discriminant variables of face skin colors was 4 variables : L value of forehead, v value of cheek, c value of forehead, and b value of cheek from standardized canonical discriminant function coefficient 1 and c value of forehead, L value of forehead, b value of cheek. and L value of cheek from standardized canonical discriminant function coefficient 2. 3. Hit ratio of type 1 was $92.3\%$, of type 2 was $96.5\%$ and of type 3 was $92.6\%$ by the canonical discriminant function of 4 variables. 4. The canonical discriminant function equation 1 and 2 were calculated with the unstandardized canonical discriminant function coefficient and constant, the cutting score, and range of the score were computed. 5. The criterion that select the new subjects who have the classified face skin colors was decided.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
• /
• 제20권2호통권33호
• /
• pp.179-186
• /
• 2007

Objective : Skin barrier protects skin against harmful environment. Its function includes antimicrobial barrier as well as physical barrier. But there are few studies about skin barrier function about men and women who don't have skin disease. The aim of this study is to investigate skin barrier function healthy men and women show. Method : There are many ways to measure skin barrier function, but lately transepidermal water loss is mainly used to know skin barrier function. Transepidermal water loss was measured over eight four the Korean twenties and thirties who don't have skin disease from March 14th, 2007 to March 16th 2007. We surveyed cubital fossa and cheek beside nose to measure transepidermal water loss and used vapometer. Result : After analyzed data, we concluded that cheek showed higher transepidermal water loss than cuital fossa. At cheek, the thirties had higher transepidermal water loss than the twenties. The male got higher transepidermal water loss than the female at cheek and in the average. And temperature and humidity effected on transepidermal water loss. Conclusion: In our study, it was observed that temperature and humidity effected on transepidermal water loss. In traditional korean medicine, the inbalance of cold(寒), heat(熱), dryness(燥), wetness(濕) makes many diseases and the inbalance of them induces dameum(痰飮) and the disorder of blood flow. Dameum(痰飮) and the disorder of blood flow make skin diseases made by abnormal skin barrier function in many ways. So we need to study dameum(痰飮) and the disorder of blood flow to take care of patients who have abnormal skin barrier function.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제36권4호
• /
• pp.365-371
• /
• 2009

Purpose: Good color match holds a key position in facial reconstruction for good aesthetic result. To correct the wide facial soft tissue defect were usually used the tissue expanded cheek flap, deltopectoral flap or radial forearm free flap. This study is aimed to analyse the color difference after flap surgery by using chromameter. Method: From August 1995 to December 2006, 30 patients underwent flap operations were chosen randomly and evaluated color differences between flap site and adjacent skin. Reconstructive procedures included tissue expanded cheek flap(n = 10), deltopectoral flap(n = 10), and radial forearm free flap(n = 10). The measured sites were flap center within a radius of 1 ㎝ and four points of adjacent skin along the flap margin. The color was quantified in a three dimensional coordinate system $L^*$ (brightness), $a^*$ (redness), $b^*$ (yellowness). Results: There was no significant color difference between the pedicled flaps(tissue expanded cheek flap and deltopectoral flap) and adjacent skin area. On the other hand, color values of the radial forearm free flap were statistically different from those of adjacent skin area. Total color difference(${\Delta}E$) of tissue expanded cheek flap and deltopectoral flap were $7.45{\pm}5.78$ versus $9.41{\pm}7.09$, and that of radial forearm free flap was $11.74{\pm}3.85$. They suggest that pedicled flaps have a potential of better color match than radial forearm free flap. Conclusion: Thus, better esthetic result and satisfaction is more likely to be expected in pedicled flaps as long as it could be applied comparing radial forearm free flap.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제37권7C호
• /
• pp.610-618
• /
• 2012

본 논문에서는 영상 처리 기술을 이용한 색상 분석 프로그램을 개발, 적용하여 흡연이 폐 기능에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 즉, 한의학의 진단 이론인 망진을 기반으로 폐와 우측 뺨 영역이 연관되어 있으며 폐 기능이 약해지면 백색에 가까워진다는 내용을 IT기술인 영상 처리 기법을 적용하여 흡연에 따른 얼굴 색상의 변화를 비교, 분석하는 연구를 수행하였다. 이를 위해 20대 남성 피실험자 15명을 대상으로 흡연 전과 후의 우측 뺨 영역의 색상을 추출, 분석하였으며 Lab 색체계에서 a값과 b값이 흡연에 의해 어떻게 변하는지를 분석하고자 하며 이를 기반으로 개인별 편차가 반영된 개인맞춤형 건강관리 시스템을 구축하고자 한다. 실험 결과 흡연에 따라 우측 뺨 영역의 색상이 흡연량에 비례하여 백색에 가까워졌으며 이는 흡연이 폐 기능에 악영향을 미치는 것으로 분석할 수 있었다.

• 대한화장품학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.279-283
• /
• 2005

일부 도시 중년여성을 대상으로 안면부위별 피부상태를 파악하고자 비침습적 측정방법을 이용하여 유 수분, 멜라닌 홍반 정도를 관찰하였고, 주관적으로 자각하는 유 수분 유형을 조사하여 객관적 측정값들과의 관련성을 보고자 하였다. 안면부위별 측정 결과, 수분량은 눈가>이마>볼, 유분량은 이마>눈가>볼 부위 순이었으며, 홍반지수는 이마>볼>눈가, 멜라닌지수는 눈가>이마>볼 부위 순이었다. 객관적 유분 측정값과 주관적으로 자각하는 유분유형은 일치성을 나타내었다. 유분량 홍반지수, 멜라닌지수의 각 측정값들은 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였다.

• 복식문화연구
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.889-902
• /
• 2011

The purposes of this study were to identify point makeup purchasing and using behavior according to the personal color awareness. Most women considered their favorite color first when purchasing lipsticks and skin color when purchasing cheek powder or foundation. They considered makeup concept first when applying lipsticks, eye shadows, and cheek powder but skin color applying foundations and manicures. Factors of personal color awareness were preferences & utilization awareness, other's advice, and direct awareness, and were segmented into PC intermediate group, high PC group, and PC retard group. PC intermediate group were in the late 20's and the early 30's, average incomes with high education, and patronized discount stores for point makeups, used fashion color as a criterion when selecting lipsticks, foundations, and manicures, apparel color when applying eye shadows, skin color when applying cheek creams, and preferred imported lipsticks and manicures. High PC group were among unmarried women in the early 20's, university students, high income households with medium level of pocket money, spent more for point makeup, and patronized department stores and internet shopping mall, used skin color or fashion color as criteria when selecting point makeup, referenced makeup concept when applying point makeup, preferred imported point makeup. PC retard group were among married women in the late 30's with low education and low income, spent less for point makeup and pocket money, and selected domestic point makeup, used their favorite color as a criterion when selecting point makeups and apparel color when applying lipsticks and cheek creams.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.88-96
• /
• 2012

Objectives : We investigated the skin properties on the periorbital region and cheek of Korean female according to age pattern by 7year based on Sang Go Cheun Jin Ron (上古天眞論) in So Moon (素問,) Methods : 49 Korean females, aged 21-56 years ($39.54{\pm}10.04$ years) were participated in this study. We measured the skin properties of periorbital region and cheek with SkinTouch (Amorepacific, Korea). Skin moisture, sebum, elasticity, lightness, roughness, area of wrinkle, depth of wrinkle were assessed. Results : Differences were noticed depending on the site and age. The level of moisture was higher on the eyelid than crow's feet. The level of lightness and elasticity were lower on the periorbital region than cheek. Skin lightness was highest on group1(under 28y) and lowest on group5(over 49y). Skin roughness was highest on group1(under 28y) and lowest on group4(over 42y under 49y). The level of wrinkle are was lowest on group1(under 28y) and highest on group 5(over49y). The level of wrinkle depth was lowest on group1(under 28y) and highest on group 4(over 42y under 49y). Conclusion : Unique aging pattern by 7 years of female is reflected to diverse skin properties of eyes. It can be possible to apply the theory on Sang Go Cheun Jin Ron (上古天眞論) to practical use in dermatology and cosmetic.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.250-257
• /
• 2007

Purpose: Aging changes of midface include drooping of lower lid, wrinkles of malar area, orbitomalar groove and deepening of nasolabial fold from drooping of malar fat pad. Improvement of lower lid can be achieved through lower blepharoplasty, but improvement of cheek can not be gained. Superficial subciliary cheek lift(by Moelleken, 1996) is a method that lifts malar fat pad through extended subciliary incision. We obtained simultaneous improvement of lower lid, malar wrinkles and orbitomalar groove with modification of this technique. Methods: From December 2003 to January 2006, we performed this method on 21 patients among volunteers for lower blepharoplasty who wanted to correct orbitomalar groove and malar wrinkles. Under local anesthesia, lateral extension of subciliary incision is done 1cm from the lateral orbital rim. Skin-muscle flap is elevated, and dealing of orbital fat and septum is the same as with ordinary lower blepharoplasty. After downward subcutaneous dissection through extended incision, exposing the upper 1/3 level of malar fat pad, superolateral fixation is done to superior deep temporal fascia. Excision of the upper part of fat pad is performed, if needed. After excision of overlapped skin-muscle flap, skin closure is done. Results: We obtained satisfactory results with this simple method for improvement of orbitomalar groove and malar wrinkles among patients for lower blepharoplasty. During a follow-up period of 5 months on the average, no revision was performed. Conclusion: Under local anesthesia, lower blepharoplasty and improvement of orbitomalar groove and malar wrinkles can be achieved at the same time. It is good for patients who do not want conventional midface-lifting. But surgeons should select patients and perform cautiously for it may leave a scar of the extended incision that require over 2 months for maturation and it is insufficient for improvement of nasolabial fold compared to conventional mid face-lifts.

• 대한치과교정학회지
• /
• 제51권3호
• /
• pp.145-156
• /
• 2021

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the midfacial soft tissue changes following maxillary expansion using micro-implant-supported maxillary skeletal expanders (MSEs) in young adults by cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) and to evaluate the correlations between hard and soft tissue changes after MSE usage. Methods: Twenty patients (mean age, 22.4 years; range, 17.6-27.1) with maxillary transverse deficiency treated with MSEs were selected. Mean expansion amount was 6.5 mm. CBCT images taken before and after expansion were superimposed to measure the changes in soft and hard tissue landmarks. Statistical analyses were performed using paired t-test and Pearson's correlation analysis on the basis of the normality of data. Results: Average lateral movement of the cheek points was 1.35 mm (right) and 1.08 mm (left), and that of the alar curvature points was 1.03 mm (right) and 1.02 mm (left). Average forward displacement of the cheek points was 0.59 mm (right) and 0.44 mm (left), and that of the alar curvature points was 0.61 mm (right) and 0.77 mm (left) (p < 0.05). Anterior nasal spine (ANS), posterior nasal spine (PNS), and alveolar bone width showed significant increments (p < 0.05). Changes in the cheek and alar curvature points on both sides significantly correlated with hard tissue changes (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Maxillary expansion using MSEs resulted in significant lateral and forward movements of the soft tissues of cheek and alar curvature points on both sides in young adults and correlated with the maxillary suture opening at the ANS and PNS.