• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.07a
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• pp.288-291
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• 2004

Due to the charge compensation effect, SOI(Silicon-On-Insulator) LIGBT with dual-epi layer have been found to exhibit both low forward voltage drop and high static breakdown voltage. In this paper, electrical characteristics of the SOI LIGBT with dual-epi structure is presented. Trenched anode structure is employed to obtain uniform current flowlines and shorted anode structure also employed to prevent the fast latch-up. Latching current density of the proposed LIGBT with $T_1=T_2=2.5{\mu}m,\;N_1=7{\times}10^{15}/cm^3,\;N_2=3{\times}10^{15}/cm^3$ is $800A/cm^2$ and breakdown voltage is 125V while latching current density and breakdown voltage of the conventional LIGBT is $700A/cm^2$ and 55V.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.163-178
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• 2021

Purpose: This study explored a plan for improving the overall preventive activity of Korean Citizen-Corps-Active-in-Disaster (CAIND). Methods: The study used the documentary survey and the technical approach methods. This way, detailed information regarding civil anti-disaster organizations was found in scholarly monographs, specialty publications, and master's/doctoral dissertations. It further utilized the statistical yearbooks between 2015 and 2018 from the Korean Ministry of Public Administration, Security, and Fire Service, and the National Statistical Office, to discover practical problems through a statistical analysis. Volunteer activities being inherent, related issues were reviewed at the same time to for purposes of clarifying the characteristics of disaster prevention activity by CAIND. Results: The study provided four major suggestions for improvement. First, the quota management system of Korean CAIND considering the characteristics of rural areas should be supplemented. Second, the education and training systems of Korean CAIND should be established to satisfy regional conditions. Third, management members' readership competency in operating organizations, including that of the Korean CAIND captain in charge, should be strengthened. Fourth, the reward system for Korean CAIND activities should be improved. Conclusion: In the future, the results of this study are expected to be utilized as a basic data to develop Korean CAIND.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.467-480
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• 2019

Standard estimates are the numerical data of a unit quantity required for construction work such as the amount of materials, manpower, and the use of equipment required and are also a basis to calculate construction costs. Unfortunately, standard estimates for construction have also been used for garden construction these days as no standard estimates for garden construction have been developed or documented until now. As a result, many problems have arisen at garden construction sites since landscape construction and garden construction differ in terms of scope, size, design and construction methods. The purpose of this study was to develop standard estimates for garden construction for proper calculation of the cost of garden construction and to ensure gardens are created following appropriate construction processes. In order to develop standard estimates for garden construction, a preliminary survey was conducted on experts to understand current issues at first. After that, a questionnaire survey was done to examine problems of construction processes and ways of improvement, and on-site inspections were conducted utilizing CCTVs at construction sites to identify the actual amount of manpower required on site. Based on the results of the surveys and on-site inspections, a draft version of standard estimates for 5 types of planting work for garden construction was developed. Developing standard estimates for garden construction will serve as a stepping stone for the transparent and proper compensation for garden construction work, which will not only contribute to addressing issues between consumers and construction companies, but also to the stabilization of market economy and job creation.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.42 no.2 s.332
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

An area-efficient DC-DC voltage up-converter in a poly-Si TFT technology for system-on-glass is described which provides low-ripple output. The voltage up-converter is composed of charge-pumping circuit, comparator with threshold voltage mismatch compensation, oscillator, buffer, and delay circuit for multi-phase clock generation. The low ripple output is obtained by multi-phase clocking without increasing neither clock frequency nor filtering capacitor The measurement results have shown that the ripple on the output voltage with 4-phase clocking is 123mV, while Dickson and conventional cross-coupled charge pump has 590mV and 215mV voltage ripple, respectively, for $Rout=100k\Omega$, Cout-100pF, and fclk=1MHz. The filtering capacitor required for 50mV ripple voltage is 1029pF and 575pF for Dickson and conventional cross-coupled structure, for Iout=100uA, and fclk=1MHz, while the proposed multi-phase clocking DC-DC converter with 4-phase and 6-phase clocking requires only 290pF and 157pF, respectively. The efficiency of conventional and the multi-phase clocking DC-DC converter with 4-phase clocking is $65.7\%\;and\;65.3\%$, respectively, while Dickson charge pump has $59\%$ efficiency.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.231-237
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to present theoretical and policy implications based on the results of the empirical analysis of job stress in consideration of insufficient prior research on the level of job stress by public officials in charge of social welfare and public officials in general administration. For this purpose, social welfare and general administrative positions working at the City Hall of G Metropolitan City and five autonomous districts(including the Dong community service center) were selected as subjects for research. The data analysis used the SPSS statistical program to obtain technical statistics based on the average of the lower variables of the job stress. According to the analysis, there is a difference in the subjective perception level of public officials in charge of social welfare and public officials in general administration in both internal factors of job, such as job demands and job autonomy and external factors of job, such as job insecurity, organizational system, conflict of relations, inadequate compensation, and job culture. Based on this, it presented policy measures that require the granting of self-esteem of public officials in charge of social welfare, improvement of their duties, and adjustment of their workload to an appropriate level.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.461-467
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• 2020

Industrial consultation is a kind of personal service for companies. The Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation sets up a consultation contract in which a professor performs the consultation as the person in charge. Recently, there is an issue regarding taxation of the consulting fee paid to the professor; in short, there is no standardized practice for the imposition of income tax. In this study, we examine the characteristics of industrial consultation and present an acceptable taxation rule based on related laws. First, it is not appropriate to regard consulting fees as wage income, considering that there is no employment relationship between the Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation and the professor. Considering that the base consulting fee amount is the same as the invention compensation, according to accounting practices, and that an employee invention is apt to be derived in the consultation, it is reasonable that the consulting fee should be regarded as wage income similar to employee invention compensation. As treating the consulting fee as wage income could end up reducing industrial consultations, the government should amend the income tax law to include industrial consultation as a type of other income.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.65-73
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• 2017

While electricity demand is generally increasing, stably controlling supply is becoming a serious challenge because renewable energies are becoming popular and often their productions are dependent on the weather. The 'demand response' programs can be used to complement the problems of renewable energies, and therefore their role is becoming increasingly important. This study provides an analysis of a demand response pilot that was conducted in Korea. The study first focused on questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews, and the data was used to perform a Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) analysis. The goal of the pilot was to have the residential users reduce their power consumptions when an energy reduction mission is issued during peak load hours. The experimental subjects consisted of two groups with different characteristics. Subjects in group A obtained smart meters as an optional function of IoT platform service provided by a mobile service company, and received a charge deduction as their compensation. Subjects in group B either voluntarily purchased smart meters as individuals or received them by participating in an energy self-sufficient village program that was run by a local government, and were entitled to a donation as their compensation. With the analysis, group A was found to fit the extended technology acceptance model that includes perceived playfulness in addition to perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. On the contrary, group B failed to fit the model well, but perceived usefulness was found to be relatively more important compared to group A. The results indicate that the residential energy groups' behavior changes are dependent on each group's characteristics, and group-specific DR design should be considered to improve the effectiveness of DR.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.1019-1022
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• 2007

Recent construction projects are becoming larger, more complex and higher rising. Accordingly, necessity of the VE is emphasized as more suitable for expense, function and quality. However, the VE is not functional because of difficulty of application process or of the methods in use in the field of construction. One of the alternative is to introduce the incentive system to activate the VE in the field of construction. By using the incentive system, employers can reduce the relevant project's prime cost and builders will maximize profit creation. In domestic case, they presented the systematic support policy 'Technical development compensation system' which is similar to the 1992 American's VE incentive system about builder's technical development effort but the result was not positive. This study investigates both domestic and other country's construction VE incentive system and reported problems in the construction VE incentive system to executives and construction VE experts. From this survey, conclusions were drawn about problems in the domestic construction VE incentive system's similarity system: 'Insufficiency of the construction VE incentive's article and standards', 'Insufficiency of the appraiser of the construction VE and of the full charge department' etc. I had interviews with the experts of the construction VE which were based on the above-mentioned problems and then presented 'Improvement of the construction VE's incentive system relevant law and system', 'Construction VE experts and construction formation' etc. for ways to bring acceptance of the construction VE in the construction industry.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.72-77
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• 2009

In this paper, a 3.2Gb/s clock and data recovery (CDR) circuit for a high-speed serial data communication without the reference clock is described This CDR circuit consists of 5 parts as Phase and frequency detector(PD and FD), multi-phase Voltage Controlled-Oscillator(VCO), Charge-pumps (CP) and external Loop-Filter(KF). It is adapted the PD and FD, which incorporates a half-rate bang-bang type oversampling PD and a half-rate FD that can improve pull-in range. The VCO consists of four fully differential delay cells with rail-to-rail current bias scheme that can increase the tuning range and tuning linearity. Each delay cell has output buffers as a full-swing generator and a duty-cycle mismatch compensation. This materialized CDR can achieve wide pull-in range without an extra reference clock and it can be also reduced chip area and power consumption effectively because there is no additional Phase Locked- Loop(PLL) for generating reference clock. The CDR circuit was designed for fabrication using 0.18um 1P6M CMOS process and total chip area excepted LF is $1{\times}1mm^2$. The pk-pk jitter of recovered clock is 26ps at 3.2Gb/s input data rate and total power consumes 63mW from 1.8V supply voltage according to simulation results. According to test result, the pk-pk jitter of recovered clock is 55ps at the same input data-rate and the reliable range of input data-rate is about from 2.4Gb/s to 3.4Gb/s.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.305-314
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• 2021

According to the recent judgment of Supreme Court, in case when the National Health Insurance Service pays the insurance to a victim of torts, and then subrogate the victim's claim for damages, the scope of institution's subrogation should be limited to the amount of the assailant's responsibility rate of the institution charge, and the amount of compensation claimed by the victim to the assailant should be calculated in the method of contributory negligence after deduction. The court has judged that the institution could subrogate the whole amount of institution charge in the limit of assailant's damages, and the method of deduction after contributory negligence should be applied when calculating the assailant's damages to the victim. Supreme Court decision is greatly significant in the aspect of harmonizing the nature of health insurance as property right and social insurance as the beneficiaries could get additional supplement, and also seeking the balance between insurer and beneficiary. With the changed legal principles of Supreme Court in the scope of institution subrogation like this, the necessities to complement the litigation relation, legislation, and institution were suggested.