• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.44-52
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• 2008

Purpose: This research was done to analyze factors influencing satisfaction level with welfare services by elderly people living in a mixed urban and rural area and to identify directions for improvement of service by examining characteristics of the recipients, type and content of services and the correlation between the level of satisfaction and related factors. Method: The 102 elderly people receiving services from 4 institutions in a mixed urban and rural area were selected. The results of the research include the following. Results: First general characteristics of the service-recipients, and the actual condition of the service; Second, correlation between satisfaction level of the recipients and their economic condition, health condition and activities of daily living; Third, analysis of level of satisfaction related to type of services, frequency, time required, desire of the recipients and their attitudes; Fourth, satisfaction and related factors were identified and used to identify possible problems and directions to improve service. Conclusion: The results suggest the following as ways to improve service and to increase the level of satisfaction 1) Individualization of services 2) Improvement in the way of selecting recipients 3) Reinforcement of special training courses for service providers.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.226-235
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• 2003

Under the present occupational therapy 6 items of overall coverage objects of health insurance are being applied and among them, only 3 items including the simple therapy, complex therapy, and special therapy can be demanded in the hospital. The treatment for Activities of Daily Living(ADL), Oral Motor Exercise and Functional Electrical Stimulation(FES) is exempted from an issue of reduction object, because it was covered 100% by the person himself. The reason why there are a lot of reduction factors is attributed mainly to vagueness of criteria and lack of exact understanding between therapists of insurance-applied hospitals. The reduction factors are characterized to confine them to only special treatment which demands the highest insurance cost claimed and to be applied without consideration of treatment times or days of hospital treatment. Moreover, the 56.38%, rate of reduction results from its uniform application based on willful convenience of health insurance not on embodiment of criteria or characteristics of various type of patients.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.99-107
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was aimed to identify the factors related to the health related quality of life (HRQoL) in elderly women. Method: This study used data from cross-sectional surveys conducted for the 2005 National Health and Nutrition Survey, which was performed by using a face to face interview method. Data was analyzed by ANOVA, t-test, logistic regression and multiple regression using the SPSS program. Demographic characteristics, subject health state, activity limitation, K-ADL, K-IADL, EQ-5D were included in the study instruments. Result: The mean HRQoL index in the subjects was 0.68 $\pm$ 0.25. The significant predictors of the HRQoL were health status, activity limitation, activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and income. The factors accounted for 41.0% of variance in the health related quality of life of female elderly. Conclusion: These results may contribute to development of nursing strategy to improve health related quality of life. The health related quality of life program for the elderly should be planned based on results of the study.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.57-69
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• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the articles using accelerometer to measure activity of daily living of patients with stroke. Methods: Depending on selection criteria, 13 studies were searched for PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library database from February 2014 to March 2014. A total of 331 papers were searched, and 13 of these were selected. Results: In studies of 13 selected, acute, subacute, and chronic patients with stroke were enrolled. The kind of accelerometer was uniaxial, biaxial, and triaxial, activity monitor. Measurement activities were mainly arm activity, walking activity, and attachment sites were also various depending on the measurement activities. A measured variable was the total number of activities, the movement speed of the patients, ratio between affected and non-affected, and motion analysis. The result indicated that significant correlation with the other assessment tools in all studies. Conclusions: Accelerometer will be applied with a tool for measuring activity of daily living of patients with stroke, depending on activities characteristics. Further, we need accelerometer studies to apply with a variety of assessment in clinical practice or community settings.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.221-228
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• 2006

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to shed further light on the effect of modifiable health behavior risk factors on dependence in activities of daily living, defined in a multidimensional fashion. Methods: The study participants were 10,278 middle aged Americans in a longitudinal health study, the Health and Retirement Survey (HRS). A multi-stage probability sampling design incorporating the effect of population sizes (Metropolitan and non-metropolitan), ethnicity (the non- Hispanic White, the Hispanic, and the Black), and age (age 51-61) was utilized. Basic Activities of Daily Living (ADL) were measured using five activities necessary for survival (impairment in dressing, eating, bathing, sleeping, and moving across indoor spaces). Explanatory variables were four health behavior risk factors included smoking, exercise, Body Mass Index (BMI), and alcohol consumption. Results: Most participants at baseline were ADL independent (1992). 97.8% of participants were independent in all ADL's at baseline and 78.2% were married. Approximately 27.5% were current smokers at baseline, and the subjects reported moderate or heavy exercise were 74.8%. All demographic characteristics and behavioral risk factors were significantly associated with the ADL status at Wave 4 except alcohol consumption. Risk behaviors such as current smoking, sedentary life style and high BMI at Wave 1 were associated with ADL status deterioration; however, moderate alcohol consumption tended to be more related to better ADL status than abstaining at Wave 4. ADL status at Wave 1 was the strongest factor and the next was exercise and smoking affecting ADL status at Wave 4. People who were in ADL dependent at Wave 1 were 15.17 times more likely to be ADL dependent at Wave 4 than people who were in ADL independent at Wave 1. Concerning smoking cigarettes, people who kept only light exercise or sedentary life style at Wave 1 were 1.70 times more likely to be died at Wave 4 than the people who did not smoke at Wave 1. Conclusions: All demographics and health behaviors at wave 1 had consistently similar OR trends for ADL status to each other except alcohol consumption. Smoking and exercise in health behaviors, and age and gender in demographics at Wave 1 were significant factors associated with ADL group separation at Wave 4.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.149-158
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study to analyze the relationship the activities of daily living(ADL), self-efficacy, and health promoting behaviors. Method: The research was a descriptive survey study. The subjects of this study were 115 hospitalized stroke patients to two General hospitals and one Oriental treatment hospital in G. Metropolitan. Data was collected through questionnaires from December 1st, 2003 to January 30th, 2004. The survey instruments used in the study Shah, Vanclay and Cooper's MBI(11 items), and Sherer and Maddux's self-efficacy(10 items), Walker, Sechrist, and Pender's HPLP(23 items) was developed by the researcher. The obtain data were analyzed with an SPSS 10.0 program using frequency, percentage, Cronbach's alpha, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Result: The results were as follows; The level of ADL the score was 50.5, self-efficacy 40.4, and health promoting behavior 54.6. There were significant differences of ADL by general and disease related characteristics as follows : for monthly income(F=2.72, p= .048), duration of stroke(F=7.98, p= .001), number of attack(F=5.21, p= .007), operation (F=17.88, p= .000). There were significant differences of self-efficacy by general and disease related characteristics as follows : for monthly income(F=4.83, p= .003), number of attack (F= 6.20, p=. 003), operation(F=4.03, p= .047). There were significant differences of health promoti ng behaviors by general and disease-related characteristics as follows : for aphasia(F=4.24, p=.042). There were significant correlated between ADL and self-efficacy(r= .698, p=.000), self- efficacy and health promoting behavior(r=.398, p= .000), ADL and health promoting behavior(r= .235, p= .011). Conclusion: As a result, There was a significant correlation between ADL, self-efficacy and health promoting behaviors. There will be considered useful nursing intervention effect to progress, support health promoting behavior of stroke patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.257-268
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• 1998

The purpose of this study were to identify the characteristics of urinary incontinence in adult women and to identify it's relating factors, daily living and sexual problem related urinary incontinence. Subjects were 60 community dwelling women in the age of 25-60 years old at 1 cities in Korea. The data were collected from January 1988 to May. 1998. Subject were interviewed with structured questionnaire. Questionaire was composed of item of general characteristics, obstetrical characteristics, measuring tool of severity of urinary incontinence, discomfort due to urinary incontinence. The data were analyzed with SAS program, descriptive statistics, T-test, ANOVA test. The results of study were as followings. 1) Most of incontinence women were mildly incontinent subjects(mean=7.40). 2) The common activity related to the urinary incontinence were coughing, sneezing, laughing aloudly exercising. 63.5% of women reported small volume accidents of only 1 to 2 drops. 3) The incidence of urinary incontinence was significantly higher in woman who had more pariety and older age of last delivery, menopause, itching sense of vagina. 4) 73.3% of the episodic urinary incontinence were not treated because the felt that urinary incontinence was not disease(70.4%) was shamful(18.1%), was incurable inspite of treatement attempt(4.5%). 5) Daily living problem related to urinary incontinence were as follows : Voiding before going out(66.6%), odor of urine(10.0), frequent underwear change.(88.3%). 6) Sexual intercourse problem related to urinary incontinence were as follows : Pain during sexual intercourse(30.0%), sexual life trouble,(8.3%), urine leakage.(11.7%) The results indicate that urinary incontinence is common in adult women. Health care provider should develop and provide adequate nursing intervention for prevention and early treatment of urinary incontinence.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.542-552
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• 2019

This study aimed to analyze characteristics of employment and factors affecting of employment of person with Brain disorder. Participants were 317 individuals with brain disorders. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test, regression analyses. according to the Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled in Korea. These factors were classified into disability and health factors, employment related factors, and household related factors. First, The employment group showed significantly severe disorder, higher health status, absent of daily life helper, absent of assistive devices, higher level education, licenses, public employment service, job arrangement of acquaintance, find a job oneself, married, absent of basic living security assistance, greater supports of family compared to the unemployed group. Second, Factors affecting employment of individuals with brain disorders included daily life helper, education level, job arrangement of acquaintance, married, basic living security assistance. Base on these results, developing dailylife and education system and social supported system and modifying the benefit system can promote employment acquisition of individuals with brain disorder.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2001

Objectives : To analyze factors associated with elderly falls in a community dwelling, a comparatively important, but somewhat neglected, health mailer. Methods : Data came from personal interview surveys using a questionnaire of 552 people aged 65 or older living in a community. Socioeconomic, and health related characteristics were investigated as independent variables and experiences of falling in the previous year as the dependent variable. Results : 118(21.4%) of the elderly subjects experienced a fall in the previous year. 24 subjects experienced more than two falls, accounting for 20.3% of the elderly fall victims studied. Factors affecting the falls were families living together, level of daily activity, heart disease, and aconuresis;, therefore an elderly person who lives alone, lives independently, has heart disease, or suffers urinary incontinence had a demonstrated increased chance of failing. Conclusion : Groups at risk for luting included elderly persons living alone, living independently, suffering heart disease, or experiencing urinary incontinence. When an elderly fall prevention program is developed and implemented, these results should be considered.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.538-546
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was done to identity the spiritual state of elderly women who live alone, and factors which affect their spiritual well-being. It was a predictive study using correlations. Methods: Data were collected to identify spiritual well-being of underprivileged older women who live alone and their demographic characteristics, activities of daily living, social support, self-efficacy, and health promotion behavior. Participants were 210 underprivileged women, over 65 years of age and living in permanent-rented apartments in Kyonggi Province. Collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results: Scores for spiritual well-being were higher than the medium, 3.77, out of a possible 6. Health promotion behavior (${\beta}$=.22, t=3.51, p=.001), religion (${\beta}$=.38, t=7.95, p<.001), self-efficacy(${\beta}$=.25, t=4.63, p<.001), social support received (${\beta}$=.23, t=3.96, p<.001), length of time living alone (${\beta}$=.12, t=2.51, p=.013), and age (${\beta}$=.11, t=2.24, p=.026) were significant factors affecting spiritual well-being. Conclusion: The result of the study indicate that to enhance the well-being of underprivileged elderly women, it is necessary to increase health-promotion activity rates and identify mediation strategies to promote social support and self-efficacy.