• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.95-107
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• 2005

As online shopping malls have emerged as a substantial shopping channel, they have used various sales promotion strategies to acquire new customers. Most of these strategies have been applied by offline malls for years. One, loss-leader pricing, is a type of promotional pricing in which stores sell well known products below their marginal cost, in order to attract customers and induce them to purchase more goods through impulse buying. This strategy is based on the expectation that customers will factor transaction costs into their purchasing decisions. However, its application to online malls fails to recognize that transaction costs are lower online, and that customers will behave differently as a result. Our study predicts that loss-leader pricing will not work online because online malls entail lower searching and moving costs than offline malls The study examines the effectiveness of loss-leader pricing with empirical data from a survey as well as log data from a Korean online shopping mall. The results show that while loss-leader pricing does attract customers to online shopping malls, it encourages cherry-picking rather than impulse purchases of regular-price goods.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.105-116
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to explore diverse factors of patients with periodontal diseases, make comprehensive and pluralistic assessment of relevant factors, construct a hypothetical model, including direct and indirect paths, and test goodness-of-fit of the model. Methods : TRaw data were used from the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for the first and second years which was conducted from January 2013 to December 2014. Excluding current patients with cancer which could severely affect the quality of life among patients with periodontal diseases who were between 40 and 64 years of age, a total of 1,555 patients were included and finally analyzed in this study. Results : Among the factors affecting the quality of life, health perception had total effects through direct effects and functions had indirect and total effects through the channel of health perception. Conclusions : In oral health programs for the middle-aged, it is necessary to have preventive interventions in oral health; in particular, it is necessary to provide intervention programs that can improve health perception and relieve functional restrictions.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.63-83
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• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the status of using agricultural information and develope desirable strategy to offer agricultural information for leaf vegetables farmers. 187 farmers are surveyed to collect data. Many farmers get agricultural information through various channel. They satisfied with agricultural information contents, rightness of time but dissatisfied with the easiness of gain, fitness of information relatively. And the mean score of farmer's information needs on agricultural information were higher than that of theoretical mean. relatively high items were new seed information, technology of cultivation, pesticide purchase and prevention, laborer finding, consumer information, the trend of leaf vegetables price, marketing place, government's agricultural policy and laws etc. To make farmers get information easily, we recommend to gather information at one place and provide them on internet portal site composed with information related for paddy rice farmers. To make desirable information service system, farmers should bring up their internet searching ability, and agricultural extension officers in count/city have to make effort to provide useful information more often by various communication methods such as visiting farmers, using internet or e-mail service, pamphlet, and so on.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.527-540
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to propose contrast metric which is based on the human visual perception and thus it can be used to improve the quality of digital images in many applications. Methods: Previous literatures are surveyed, and then the proposed method is modeled based on Human Visual System(HVS) such as multiscale property of the contrast sensitivity function (CSF), contrast constancy property (suprathreshold), color channel property. Furthermore, experiments using digital images are shown to prove the effectiveness of the method. Results: The results of this study are as follows; regarding the proposed contrast measure of complex images, it was found by experiments that HVS follows relatively well compared to the previous contrast measurement. Conclusion: This study shows the effectiveness on how to measure the contrast of complex images which follows human perception better than other methods.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.73-90
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• 2001

Logistics has become a key element in a shipping firm's overall strategy, now that the concept of logistics has expanded into one that is more comprehensive and integrated. furthermore, the global shipping market is the most competitive market in the world. In this environment, shipping firms are using Logistics Information Systems (LIS), which help them to save time and reduce costs. As such, LIS has become a critical part of Korea's attempts to develop Its national logistics system and industry. In this light, this study attempted to empirically determine the critical elements necessary for effective shipping LIS implementation and to then analyze how these elements are related to actual logistics performance within the shipping industry. The research results show that the sample firms considered the following factors to be most Important to an effective LIS: the support of top management; an efficient and well-structured communication channel; a solid strategic implementation plan; and a high level of information analysis internally. Other factors mentioned as being somewhat significant included MIS organization and human resources, MIS discipline and training, software development capabilities, MIS organizational alignment, database management systems information standardization, competitive advantage, financial support and government support The main problems with current shipping LIS include the expensive cost of systems, lack of standardized working processes, and weak organizational structures.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.21
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• pp.271-297
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• 2007

Since B2C EC websites not only become a valuable channel for selling goods to customers and for communicating with the potential clients, but also offer companies an important vehicle for attaining competitive advantages in the new digital economy, the design and content of website must reflect its business goals and customers' needs. However, as little empirical evidence on the effect of B2C EC website contribution of firm performance exist, the functionality of B2C EC website has been decided voluntarily from its business experience. Hence, there has been a call for a rigorous empirical studies to examine the function level of an B2C EC website application. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the function level of B2C EC website and its performance considering the characteristics of B2C EC strategy as moderating variable. 125 questionnaires from internet shopping malls which sell physical goods direct to an individual end consumer were collected. The results showed that four factors(price, product recognition, reliability enhancement, and purchase confidence) affect positive effects on the performance of shopping mall, and the characteristics of B2C EC strategy can be considered as a significant moderating variable between price factor and the performance of shopping mall.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.187-195
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the adoption of Kakao Bank in terms of benefits (functional, social, experiential, economic benefits) and differentiated services (customization and service diversity) considering service types. Benefits are personal value consumers attach to the product or service attributes and, therefore, more important than attributes of service itself when using Kakao Bank in the internet based environment. Data was collected using an online and offline survey of 131 Kakao Bank users and analyzed the data using structural equation model (SEM). The results of empirical analysis using SmartPLS show that functional benefit, experiential benefit, and customization are significantly related to the user's satisfaction, but economic benefits, social benefit, and service variety are not. Customer's satisfaction are also showed significantly to be related to the all types of Kakao Bank usage(balance check, transfer, and other services). This study has the significance in that it examines the user's satisfaction and usage of Kakao Bank in terms of benefits and differentiated services while other studies analyzed banking services focusing on the attributes of banking channel itself.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.185-191
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• 2000

Pest insect control is dependent on about 200 insecticides that work by relatively few mechanisms. The targets they disrupt are mostly involved in the nervous system, respiratory chain, growth and development, or the gut. The major nerve targets are: acetylcholinesterase for the organophosphates and methylcarbamates; the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor for the neonicotinoids; the $\gamma$-aminobutyric acid receptor for several chlorinated hydrocarbons and fipronil; the voltage-gated sodium channel for DDT and pyrethroids. Selection of resistant strains often confers cross-resistance to some or all other insecticides working at the same site. The toxicological properties of different compounds acting on the same target are increasingly considered together, summating the risk even though the compounds are of quite diverse chemical types. Continuing attention is also being given to secondary targets not involved in the primary mechanism of toxicity but instead in side effects that must be considered in the overall safety evaluation. Research on insecticide targets is important in learning to keep up with resistance and changing concepts and policies on safety. These relationships are illustrated by recent studies in the Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology Laboratory of the University of California at Berkeley.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.106-112
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• 2007

A new space-time cooperative communication relaying strategy with assistant or management terminals is proposed in multi-hop wireless communication systems. More than one relaying terminals are included in one cooperative group to share the state information such as frame error rate and channel information. Among the cooperative group, the best ones are selected to send bit information using space-time codes. An implementation for the proposed scheme is also presented using a TDMA cooperative protocol. Receive signal to transmit signal ratio($E_r/E_s$) and computer simulation show the strategy outperform the conventional cooperative system.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.1A
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• pp.109-114
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• 2007

A new space-time cooperative communication relaying strategy with assistant or management terminals is proposed in multi-hop wireless communication systems. More than one relaying terminals are included in one cooperative group to share the state information such as frame error rate and channel information. Among the cooperative group, the best ones are selected to send bit information using space-time codes. An implementation for the proposed scheme is also presented using a TDMA cooperative protocol. Receive signal to transmit signal ratio($E_r/E_s$) and computer simulation show the strategy outperform the conventional cooperative system.