• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2015

The ethnic dress of Germany's Black Forest, called Tracht, dates back to the 16th century. Although most people living within the Black Forest do not presently wear Trachten, some persistence in this tradition exists. This study explored the factors that have supported the persistence of the Trachten tradition, specifically related to the wearing and crafting of Trachten by women, in a contemporary society. A qualitative, ethnographic approach was adopted. Data were collected via observations and interviews in the Black Forest. Thematic analyses revealed that the maintenance of the Trachten tradition was linked to varied factors that revolved around the overarching themes of both persistence and change. Interpretations were supported by theory proposing that ethnic dress is not static, but rather, changes across space and time in ways that enable its persistence. The persistence of the Trachten tradition was linked to formalized practice, meaningful identities, and desires to preserve and promote local culture. Additionally, the persistence of the Trachten tradition was fostered by change in the tradition, including the conceptualization of Trachten as a "lived practice" and the negotiation of Trachten authenticity.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.23 no.1_2
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• pp.57-71
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• 2007

This paper considers how to detect structure change in persistence from I(1) to I(0) with innovations in the domain of attraction of a K-stable law. We derive the asymptotic distribution of test statistic and find that the asymptotic distribution of test statistics depends on the stable index K, which is often typically unknown and difficult to estimate. Therefore the subsampling method is proposed to detect changes without estimating K. We establish the asymptotic validity of this method and assess its performance in finite samples by means of simulation study.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.291-305
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• 2014

Persistence is one of the typical characteristics appearing in the volatility of financial time series. According to the recent researches, the volatility persistence may be due to either volatility shifts or long-range dependence. In this paper, we consider residual-based CUSUM tests to distinguish volatility persistence, long-range dependence and volatility shifts in GARCH models. It is observed that this test procedure achieve reasonable powers without a size distortion. Moreover, we employ AIC and BIC criteria to estimate the change points and the number of change points in volatility. We demonstrate the superiority of residual-based CUSUM tests on various Monte Carlo simulations and empirical data analysis.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.412-418
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• 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) persistence in pathological stage T3aN0 prostate cancer (PCa) after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP). Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 326 patients with pT3aN0 PCa who underwent RALP between March 2020 and February 2022. PSA persistence was defined as nadir PSA of >0.1 ng/mL after RALP, and the risk factors for PSA persistence were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results: Among 326 patients, 61 (18.71%) had PSA persistence and 265 (81.29%) had PSA of <0.1 ng/mL after RALP (successful radical prostatectomy [RP] group). In the PSA persistence group, 51 patients (83.61%) received adjuvant treatment. Biochemical recurrence occurred in 27 patients (10.19%) in the successful RP group during the mean follow-up period of 15.22 months. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for PSA persistence were large prostate volume (hazard ratio [HR], 1.017; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.002-1.036; p=0.046), lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (HR, 2.605; 95% CI, 1.022-6.643; p=0.045), and surgical margin involvement (HR, 2.220; 95% CI, 1.110-4.438; p=0.024). Conclusion: Adjuvant treatment may be needed for improved prognosis in patients with pT3aN0 PCa after RALP with a large prostate size, LVI, or surgical margin involvement.

• Proceedings of the Microbiological Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.23-36
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• 2000

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the causative agent of a mosquito-borne encephalitis and is transmitted to human via persistently infected mosquito vectors. Although the virus is known to cause only acute infection, there were reports that showed neurological sequelae, latent infection in peripheral mononuclear cells, and recurrence of the disease after acute encephalitis. Innate resistance of certain cell lines, abnormal SN1 expression of the virus, and anti-apoptotic effect of cullular bcl-2 have been suggested as probable causes of JEV persistence even in the absence of defective interfering (DI) particles. Although possible involvement of DI particles in JEV persistence was suggested, neither has a direct evidence for DI presence nor its molecular characterization been made. Two questions asked in this study are whether the DI virus plays any role in JEV persistent infection if it is associated with and what type of change(s) can be made in persistently infected cells to avoid apoptosis even with the continuous virus replication, DI-free standard stock of JEV was infected in BHK-21, Vero, and SW13 cells and serial high multiplicity passages were performed in order to generate DI particles. There different-sized DI RNA species which were defective in both structural and nonstructural protein coding genes. Rescued ORFs of the DI genome maintained in-frame and the presence of replicative intermediate or replicative form RNA of the DI particles confirmed their replication competence. On the other hand, several clones with JEV persistent infection were established from the cells survived acute infections during the passages. Timing of the DI virus generation during the passages seemed coincide to the appearance of persistently infected cells. The DI RNAs were identified in most of persistently infected cells and were observed throughout the cell maintenance. One of the cloned cell line maintained the viral persistence without DI RNA coreplication. The cells with viral persistence released the reduced but continuous infectious JEV particle for up to 9 months and were refractory to homologous virus superinfection but not to heterologous challenges. Unlike the cells with acute infection these cells were devoid of characteristic DNA fragmentation and JEV-induced apoptosis with or without homologous superinfection. Therefore, the DI RNA generated during JEV undiluted serial passage on mammalian cells was shown to be biologically active and it seemed to be responsible, at least in part, for the establishment and maintenance of the JEV persistence in mammalian cells. Viral persistence without DI RNA coreplication, as in one of the cell clones, supports that JEV persistent infection could be maintained with or without the presence of DI particles. In addition, the fact that the cells with JEV persistence were resistant against homologous virus superinfection, but not against heterologous one, suggests that different viruses have their own and independent pathway for cytopathogenesis even if viral cytopathic effect could be converged to an apoptosis after all.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.23-32
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• 1998

A good example of the persistence of naive theories about change in seasons is well knowned: A filmmaker carried a camera into the crowd of gowned graduates at the 1987 commencement of Harvard University and asked a simple question, that is, "Why is it hotter in summer than in winter?" to twenty five students chosen at random. All of the answers except two were that the Earth is closer to the Sun in summer, so it is hotter in summer, but the Earth is farther from the Sun in winter, so it is cooler in winter. Until now, naive theories about the cause in seasons have been extensively studied. However, few studies to overcome these naive theories were reported. Author takes two steps: first, a new model on the cause in seasons is developed. Second, preservice students concepts' change on the cause in seasons through the new model is observed. The author concludes that the new model have a good effect on the preservice students concepts' change on the cause in seasons.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.15-28
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• 2020

Hydrological data is very important in understanding the hydrological process and identifying its characteristics to protect human life and property from natural disasters. In particular, hydrological analysis are often performed assuming that hydrological data are stationary. However, recently climate change has raised the issue of climate stationary, and it is necessary to analyze the nonstationary of the climate. In this study, a method to analyze the stationarity of hydrological data was examined using the annual precipitation of 37 meteorological stations with long - term record data. Therefore, in this study, the stationary was determined by analyzing the persistence, trend, and stability using annual precipitation. Overall results showed that a trend was observed in 4 out of 37 stations, stable was investigated at 15 stations, and persistence was shown at 4 stations. In the stationary analysis using the annual precipitation data, 25 stations (67% of 37 stations) were nonstationary.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.117-127
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to present the conditions and methods for keeping the sustainability of the landscape resources of the East Coast of Gangwon province, the Republic of Korea by investigating the landscape resources management in the area and pointing out its problems. The unit of analysis in this study is four cities and two counties located along the national road route seven in Gangwon province. The classification and characteristics of the landscape resources in this area was analyzed by a literature review, and we surveyed the tourists visiting the area and statistically analyzed the data in order to examine their satisfaction with the landscape resources management and make recommendations. The problems of the landscape resources management are: 1) the disturbance of the persistence of life by reclamation, the population reduction in the ecosystem due to the overload in environmental capacity, and the severance of space between land and water. 2) the reduction of the benefits from indirect experience by interfering with the conservation of fluxes --- the manipulation of horizontal arrangement of the landscape resource, the visual disturbance by the construction of high-storied buildings, and the disharmony between the color/image and the environment. The means for keeping sustainability of the landscape resources include the regulations of development and use, the change in the recognition of the value of landscape resources and the moral system, and the improvement of resource management skills.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.192-197
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to present the conditions and methods for keeping the sustainability of the landscape resources of the East Coast of Gangwon province, the republic of Korea by investigating the landscape resources management in the area and pointing out its problems. The problems of the landscape resources management are： 1) the disturbance of the persistence of life by reclamation, the population reduction in the ecosystem due to the overload in environmental capacity, and the severance of space between land and water. 2) the reduction of the benefits from indirect experience by interfering with the conservation of fluxes -- the manipulation of horizontal arrangement of the landscape resource, the visual disturbance by the construction of high-storied buildings, and the disharmony between the color/image and the environment. The means for keeping sustainability of the landscape resources include the regulations of development and use, the change in the recognition of the value of landscape resources and the moral system, and the improvement of resource management skills.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.803-815
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to increase our understanding of subjective well-being in adolescents and to help improve it by investigating the relationship among adolescents' temperaments, perceived parenting affective attitude and subjective well-being. For this study, the subjects were 354 students from 4 different middle schools in Gwang-ju, Korea. The statistical analysis of the data was conducted by means of the SPSS 21.0 program using Pearson's correlations and hierarchical regression. The results are as follows: First, the temperament and perceived parenting affective attitude were correlated with subjective well-being. Among the temperament traits, novelty seeking and harm avoidance showed negative correlations with subjective well-being, whereas affection, reward dependence and persistence showed positive correlations with subjective well-being. Second, after the mediating effect of perceived affection on subjective well-being was confirmed, three temperament traits, viz. harm avoidance, reward dependence, and persistence, were identified as mediating factors. The conclusion of this study is that adolescents' temperament and perceived parenting affective attitude are related to their subjective well-being and can also predict their subjective well-being. Harm avoidance, reward dependence, and persistence, which are inborn temperaments, affect subjective well-being. Affection, which is a perceived parenting affective attitude trait, affects subjective well-being as a mediation variable. This study also suggests that it is more effective to influence perceived parenting affective attitude, which has growth potential, rather than temperaments which are hard to change.