• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.188-196
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of parent-child communication style on smartphone addiction and depression among female college students. The subjects were 151 female students in three different universities located in S city. Data collection for Parent-Adolescent Communication Inventory (PACI), Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) were conducted from November 1 to December 8, 2017. The collected data were analyzed by t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. Smartphone addiction in college students was 35.08 (SD = 6.83), and when communication with the mother was absent and the problem recognized, smartphone addiction was higher (${\beta}=.27$, p = .028). Open communication with the father lowered smartphone addiction (${\beta}=-.27$, p = .030). Depression in female college students was 15.86 (SD = 10.45), and 45% experienced depression. Depression was higher when communication with the mother was higher (${\beta}=.29$, p = .022). Therefore, a customized communication program that focuses on parent-child communication as a strategy to reduce or prevent degree of addiction and depression of female college students will be helpful.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.147-152
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• 1996

his study was undertaken to assess the residual interventricular shunt following surgical closure of the isolated ventricular septal defect. From January 1989 through December 1993, 211 patients underwent surgical closure of the isolated ventricular septal defect. All patients had 2D-Echocardlo-graphic study after operation to rule out residual ventricular septal defect. There was a 9.5% incidence of a definite residual shunt. The type of ventricular septal defect, closure method of the defect and cardiopulmonary bypass time showed no significant differences between two groups. The sue of ventricular septal defect (6.3 $\pm$ 3.7mm versus 10.6 $\pm$ 5.8mm : p : 0.0034), aortic cross-clamping time(32.6 $\pm$ 15.0 minutes versus 48.5 $\pm$ 20.0 minutes, p : 0.0003), pulmonary-to-systemic pressure ratio(0.31 $\pm$ 0.22 versus 0.51 $\pm$ 0.33, p=0.019) and mean pulmonary artery pressure(20.3 $\pm$ 11.9 mmHg versus 29.1 $\pm$ 16.2 mmHg, p : 0.009) were meaningfully different between two groups. There were 9 insta ces of spontaneous closure of the residual shunts at mean 21 months of following up (ranged 1 ~43 months). In conclusion, we suggest that the size of ventricular septal defect, aortic cross-clamping time and mean pulmonary artery pressure may play an important role in occurance of residual ventricular septal defect.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.86-101
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• 2016

La situation de la $r{\acute{e}}gion$ rurale et maritime de la province de Jeollanam-do en $Cor{\acute{e}}e$ du sud se $caract{\acute{e}}rise$ par une relative $p{\acute{e}}nurie$ de population. Le projet 'Ces ${\hat{I}}les$ que l'on aime visiter', $g{\acute{e}}r{\acute{e}}$ par la province de Jeollanam-do, s'articule autour de villages insulaires lieux de bien- ${\hat{e}}tre$ pour viser une augmentation de la population. Il s'agit de $d{\acute{e}}velopper$ le tourisme durable en s'appuyant sur la $beaut{\acute{e}}$ des paysages naturels, l'histoire, la culture et les traditions de cette $r{\acute{e}}gion$ insulaire. Pour cela, la participation active des habitants est essentielle. Cette ${\acute{e}}tude$ a pour but de $r{\acute{e}}fl{\acute{e}}chir$ aux moyens de $d{\acute{e}}velopper$ la participation des habitants en se fondant sur une $enqu{\hat{e}}te$ $men{\acute{e}}e$ dans la campagne. Nous avons mutuellement $analys{\acute{e}}$ entre les moyens de la participation des habitants et l'apanage $d{\acute{e}}mographique$ ${\grave{a}}$ cause de leurs $r{\acute{e}}sultats$ $diff{\acute{e}}rentes$. Voici les moyens de la participation des habitants $fond{\acute{e}}s$ sur la $caract{\acute{e}}ristique$ communautaire: $l^{\prime}activit{\acute{e}}$ $r{\acute{e}}mun{\acute{e}}ratrice$ communautaire; $l^{\prime}am{\acute{e}}lioration$ de l'habitat; les loisirs dans la $r{\acute{e}}gion$. Nous proposons plusieurs exemples pour $d{\acute{e}}velopper$ des programmes $fond{\acute{e}}s$ sur la participation des habitants de $l^{\prime}{\hat{i}}le$ de Nangdo, d'un rite communautaire maritime et des programmes ${\acute{e}}ducationnels$ d'explication touristique.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.660-670
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• 2016

This cross-sectional descriptive investigation attempted to identify the relationship among the symptoms, spiritual well-being, and depression experienced by patients undergoing hemodialysis. Data were collected from 146 patients at 6 hemodialysis clinics from October 15th, 2014 to January 15th, 2015. The Dialysis Symptom Index (DSI) was used to measure symptom experience, spiritual well-being was measured using the Spiritual Well-being Scale, and depression was assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The data were analyzed using ANOVA, the t-test, Scheffe's test, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical regression analysis. The mean score of the symptom experience was 26.43 (range: 0~85), the mean spiritual well-being score was 47.79 (range: 20~80), and the mean depression score was 10.56 (range: 0~35). It was found that greater existential well-being leads to lower depression (r=-.23, p=.004) and symptom experience (r=-.17, p=.045). Greater physical (B=.09) and emotional (B=.64) symptom experience leads to higher depression and the explanatory power of these factors was 52.1% (F=18.54, p<.001). Therefore, a comprehensive nursing intervention that can help reduce the symptom experience and increase the existential well-being in hemodialysis patients is needed to reduce their depression.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.221-240
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence of depression in Korean American men and factors associated with the Korean American men's depression by examining how depression is affected by socio-demographic characteristics, immigration-related characteristics, and psychological and social characteristics. Socio-demographic characteristics include age, education, occupation, and monthly income. Immigration-related characteristics include years in the U. S., being U. S. citizens, and acculturation level. Psychological and social characteristics include anger, marital satisfaction, and social support. Using an availability sampling method, data were collected from 201 Korean American married men who were between the ages of 20 and 64 and resided in Los Angeles County. This study used a structured self-administered questionnaire. Due to the unreliable responses, five questionnaires were excluded from the study. Therefore 196 completed questionnaires were used for the data analyses. In order to measure the respondents' depression, the CES-D(Center for Epidemiological Studies of Depression) was used in this study. In the hierarchical multiple regression analyses, monthly income, anger, marital satisfaction, and social support were significantly associated with the respondents' depression. However, there were no significant associations between depression and age, education, occupation, being a U. S. citizen, and acculturation. Implications of the findings for mental health practitioners and social works are discussed.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 2012

In one-stage transanal endorectal pull-through operation (TERPT) for Hirschsprung disease, preoperative evaluation by contrast enema (CE) is important tool in aspect of planning of surgical procedure as well as diagnosis. This study was to evaluate the significance of CE for identifying the extent of aganglionic bowel. A retrospective analysis was performed in 40 patients who underwent TERPT between 2003 and 2011. The authors reviewed the CE studies and their correlation with pathologic extent of aganglionosis. Total 66 contrast enemas were performed in 40 patients. Twenty patients underwent single CE, but 20 patients required multiple CEs. In single CE group, 17 had clear radiographic transition zone, but 3 had less definite transition zone. In multiple CE group, 17 patients who had equivocal finding in first or second CE had definite radiographic transition zone, but 3 patients of this group had less definite radiographic transition zones. Overall, 34 patients (85%)had clear radiographic transition zone by single or repeated CE. One (2.9%) out of 34 patients with clear radiographic transition zone had discordance between radiographic and pathologic transition zone. In contrast 4 (66.7%) out of 6 patients with equivocal radiographic transition zone had discordance between radiographic and pathologic transition zone. Observation of clear radiographic transition zone is important in preparation of TERPT, and repeated CE is helpful to reduce the discordance between radiographic and pathologic transition zone. Awareness of the possibility of discordance is also important if radiographic transitional zone is not clear.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.301-307
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• 2018

We study convergent influence on depression and its association with self-esteem, fatigue and psychosocial stress among General Hospital Administrative Staff(GHAS). The subjects were 201 randomly extracted GHAS from 9 general hospitals in J City, Data collection was carried out via a structured self-administered questionaries from Jul. 3rd, 2017 to Jul. 29th, 2017. Depression was positively correlated with three sub-domains of fatigue and psychosocial stress, and it was negatively correlated with self-esteem. With the analysis of covariance structure, depression was more influential on self-esteem than fatigue and psychosocial stress. The study found the higher fatigue and psychosocial stress, and the lower self-esteem tend to increase depression. The results indicate that the efforts, to increase self-esteem, and to decrease fatigue and psychosocial stress, are required to decrease the depression of GHAS. The results are expected to be useful for industrial health education and job management to decrease the depression of GHAS. In the following study, the analysis about convergent additional factors of influence on the depression of GHAS will be needed.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 2006

Objective : Chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is defined by the coexistence of symptoms (reexperiencing, avoidance and hyperarousal), persisting for more than months or years that causes significant impairment in social occupational functioning. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of terazosin on posttraumatic nightmares which is one of chronic PTSD symptoms. Methods : Twenty patients with chronic PTSD and severe trauma-related nightmares were treated with terazosin (3-7 mg/day) for 8 weeks. Recurrent distressing dreams item of the Clinician administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), Total CAPS score, Clinical Global Impressions-Severity Scale (CGI-S) and Clinical Global Impressions-Change Scale (CGI-C) were performed at baseline, 4-week and 8-week. Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related PTSD and Combat Exposure Scale (CES) were used to evaluate PTSD symptom pattern and degree of exposure. Results : Significant decrease in recurrent distressing dreams item, reexperiencing, avoidance and hyperarousal symptom score and total CAPS score were at 4-week and 8-week treatment compared to baseline (recurrent distressing dreams item : $2.70{\pm}1.88$ and $1.25{\pm}1.49$ ; reexperiencing, avoidance and hyperarousal symptom score : $2.30{\pm}2.49$, $1.20{\pm}1.05$, $3.10{\pm}1.68$ and $4.00{\pm}3.59$, $1.55{\pm}1.50$, $5.60{\pm}3.23$ ; total CAPS score : $8.20{\pm}6.26$ and $5.40{\pm}5.89$). There were significant correlation between dosage of terazosin and improvement of PTSD symptoms. Adverse effects such as fatigue and orthostatic hypotension were showed, which were mild and self-limited. Conclusion : These results suggest that terazosin may improve severe trauma-related nightmares and overall PTSD symptoms. Randomized controlled study with more subjects would be necessary in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.3685-3695
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• 2014

This study was performed to determine the suicide ideation and its association with hopelessness, psychosocial stress and depression among some middle school students. The survey was administered to 975 middle school students in Gyeongin area during the period, May $1^{st}$ to June $30^{th}$, 2013. Structured self-administered questionnaires were delivered and collected without the respondents' personal information. As a result, concerning the correlation of depression with various factors, the level of suicide ideation was positively correlated with hopelessness, psychosocial stress and depression. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors influencing the suicide ideation included sex distinction, experience of alcohol drinking, hobbies and leisure life, subjective health status, grade, school violence experience, hopelessness, psychosocial stress and depression. An analysis of the covariance structure, hopelessness (BHOP) was more influential on the suicide ideation than psychosocial stress (PWI) and depression (CES-D). The study found that higher hopelessness, severe distress and higher depression tends to increase the suicide ideation.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.129-139
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• 2009

Objectives : This study evaluated the effectiveness of school-based mental health screening and treatment linkage programs, focusing on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and adolescent depression. Methods : All 11,158 children and adolescents aged 8-14 years in Seoul received a school-based mental health screening, consisting of the Korean versions of the ADHD rating scale and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), for ADHD, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-DS) and the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire-Junior (SIQ-JR), for depression. The high-risk children's and adolescents' diagnoses were confirmed using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children-IV (DISC-IV). Treatment linkage programs were managed by the Seoul Metropolitan Community Mental Health Center (Program 1), the Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education (Program 2), or the Dongjak District Office of Education (Program 3). We estimated and compared the referral rates of the three programs. Results : Program 1 screened and referred 22.9% of ADHD youths to mental health services, Program 2, 68.8%, and Program 3, 40.0%. Program 1 screened and referred 22.8% of depressed youths to mental health services, Program 2, 53.8%, and Program 3, 88.9%. Key elements for successful screening and referral programs were an effective school/community mental health center/Office of Education network, the parents' financial support and perception of their child's mental health status as being problematic, and the teachers' active engagement. Conclusion : This is the first study investigating the effectiveness of school-based mental health screenings' linkage to treatment for primary and middle school students in Korea. An effective network for community mental health and improvements in parents' and teachers' perceptions regarding mental health are needed for more successful treatment linkage.