• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

Objectives : The propose of this study was to observe the correlation between Cervical hypolordosis and radiological result. Methods : We randomly selected among the 110 patients with X-ray and C-spine MRI films who have visited Jaseng Hospital of Oriental Medicine with neck pain. Radiographic measures of cervical lordosis and herniated disc were collected, and statistically analyzed. Results : In this study, if the finding of a X-ray showed straightening of cervical lordotic curve, based on MRI finging, the amount of herniation was more severe. Conclusions : There was a significant correlation between Cervical hypolordosis and herniated disc. Hypolordosis group complained a severe herniated disc.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.7-14
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze trends in domestic studies on pharmacopuncture therapy for treating cervical disease. Methods: This study was carried out on original copies and abstracts of theses listed in databases or published until July 2014. The search was made on the Oriental medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS) the National Digital Science Library (NDSL), and the Korean traditional knowledge portal. Search words were 'pain on cervical spine', 'cervical pain', 'ruptured cervical disk', 'cervical disc disorder', 'stiffness of the neck', 'cervical disk', 'whiplash injury', 'cervicalgia', 'posterior cervical pain', 'neck disability', 'Herniated Nucleus Pulposus (HNP)', and 'Herniated Intervertebral Disc (HIVD)'. Results: Twenty-five clinical theses related to pharmacopuncture were selected and were analyzed by year according to the type of pharmacopuncture used, the academic journal in which the publication appeared, and the effect of pharmacopuncture therapy. Conclusion: The significant conclusions are as follows: (1) Pharmacopunctures used for cervical pain were Bee venom pharmacopuncture, Carthami-flos pharmacopuncture, Scolopendra pharmacopuncture, Ouhyul pharmacopuncturen, Hwangryun pharmacopuncture, Corpus pharmacopuncture, Soyeom pharmacopuncture, Hwangryunhaedoktang pharmacopuncture, Shinbaro phamacopuncture. (2) Randomized controlled trials showed that pharmacopuncture therapy combined with other methods was more effective. (3) In the past, studies oriented toward Bee venom pharmacopuncture were actively pursued, but the number of studies on various other types of pharmacopuncture gradually began to increase. (4) For treating a patient with cervical pain, the type of pharmacopuncture to be used should be selected based on the cause of the disease and the patient's condition.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.105-108
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• 1998

Backgrounds: Cervical epidural nerve block is useful in the management of a variety of acute, chronic and cancer related pain syndromes involving the head, face, neck and upper extrimity. To safely perfom the cervical epidural block, an appreciation of the expected distance from skin to epidural space is important. We studied the distance from skin to cervical epidural space of adults to determine if any relationship exists between patient height, weight and neck circumference and the distance from skin to epidural space. Methods: Patients 170, suffering from neck and upper extremity pain with cervical HIVD(herniated intervertebral dics) were selected. Cervical epidural block was performed at $C_{6\sim7}$ or $C_{7-}T_1$ intervertebral space. Then measured the distance from skin to epidural space and analysed the relationship between age, height, weight and neck circumference and the distance from skin to epidural space. Results: The cervical epidural depth of male $C_{6\sim7}$, male $C_{7-}T_1$, female $C_{6\sim7}$ and female $C_{7-}T_1$ groups were $5.17{\pm}0.63$, $5.47{\pm}0.59$, $4.84{\pm}0.56$ and $5.01{\pm}0.60$ cm respectively. Cervical epidural depth significantly correlated with body weight, ponderal index and neck circumference. Conclusions: The distance from skin to cervical epidural space has significant relationships with weight, ponderal index and neck circumference. Although experience is important, patient's weight and neck circumference are indicating factor, of the cervical epidural depth.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.96-102
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• 2016

Background: It is widely accepted that cervical interlaminar steroid injection (CIESI) is more effective in treating radicular pain than axial neck pain, but without direct comparison. And the differences of effect after CIESI according to MRI findings are inconsistent. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the therapeutic response of CIESI according to pain sites, durations, MRI findings, and other predictive factors altogether, unlike previous studies, which evaluated them separately. Methods: The medical records of 128 patients who received fluoroscopy guided CIESI were analyzed. We evaluated the therapeutic response (more than a 50% reduction on the visual analog scale [VAS] by their second visit) after CIESI by (1) pain site; neck pain without radicular pain/radicular pain with or without neck pain, (2) pain duration; acute/chronic (more than 6 month), and (3) findings of MRI; herniated intervertebral disc (HIVD)/spinal stenosis, respectively and altogether. Results: Eighty-eight patients (68%) responded to CIESI, and there were no significant differences in demographic data, initial VAS score, or laboratory findings. And there were no significant differences in the response rate relating to pain site, pain duration, or MRI findings, respectively. In additional analysis, acute radicular pain with HIVD patients showed significantly better response than chronic neck pain with spinal stenosis (P = 0.04). Conclusions: We cannot find any sole predictive factor of therapeutic response to the CIESI. But the patients having acute radicular pain with HIVD showed the best response, and those having other chronic neck pain showed the worst response to CIESI.

• The Journal of Korea CHUNA Manual Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.45-53
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• 2000

Objectives : CHUNA therapy that removes compression of dislocated vertebral bones has positive effect, but sometimes improper CHUNA manual therapy may give rise to negative effect. The aim of this study is to make sure that cervical CHUNA manual therapy give positive effect or negative effect to the blood flow velocity of vertebral artery(VA) and basilar artery(BA) by Trancranial Doppler sonography(TCD). Methods : We performed TCD study on 20patients(male 5, female 15, mean ages 38.5 years) with diagnosis like cervical movement related disorder, headache or dizziness. After we measured mean blood flow velocity(Vm) of VA and BA before cervical CHUNA therapy(Pre-CCT) and after cervical CHUNA therapy(Post-CCT), statistically evaluated the results. Results: The patients received cervical CHUNA therapy for TA sequel, HIVD of cervical spine, headache, dizziness, neck stiffness etc. VA Vm was $31.9{\pm}8.0cm/sec$ before CHUNA therapy, but significantly increased $35.0{\pm}8.7cm/sec$ after CHUNA therapy (p < 0.05). But, there was no significant variation of BA Vm between $41.8{\pm}7.5cm/sec$ Pre-CCT and $41.2{\pm}8.5cm/sec$ Post-CCT(p>0.05). Though VA Vm slightly increased after CHUNA therapy in normal range group, there was no significant variation between VA Vm Pre-CCT and VA Vm Post~CCT. In VA Vm decrease group, VA Vm significantly increased after CHUNA therapy(p<0.05). But, there was no significant variation of BA Vm between Pre-CCT and Post-CCT in BA Vm normal range group and BA Vm decrease group(p>0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest that cervical CHUNA manual therapy have positive effect on blood flow velocity of VA and BA.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.87-94
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• 2000

Objective : Various surgical approaches have been implemented to fulfill the ideal goals of treatment for cervical spondylotic lesions. Conventional approaches are represented by anterior approach with or without fusion and posterior approach. The authors has applied newly developed anterior cervical microforaminotomy for these lesions on minimally invasive basis. Materials and Method : Twenty-one patients, with cervical HIVD, or stenosis, or both, underwent anterior cervical microforaminotomy between March, 1998 and April, 1999. Fifteen patients underwent unilateral decompression, and 6 bilateral decompression via unilateral foraminotomy. Operation of one level was performed in 16 patients, 2 levels in 4 patients, and 3 in 1 patient. The foraminotomy was accomplished by resecting the uncovertebral joint. Through this hole, compressed nerve root was decompressed by removing the spondylotic spur or disc fragment, and diagonal removing of posterior osteophyte from foraminotomy site to begining of contralateral nerve root made spinal cord decompression. Results : The outcome was excellent in 17 patients(81%) and good in 4 patients(19%) based on Odom's criteria. No complication was encounterd, and average post-operation hospital stay was 3.7 days. Conclusions : These results indicate that anterior cervical microforaminotomy provide adequate neural decompression, minimum postoperative discomfort and fast recovery.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this clinical case is to evaluate the efficacy of Korean Medicine treatment on Syringomyelia with Herniated Intervertebral Disc(HIVD) of C-SPINE. Methods : We used Acupunture, herbal acupuncture, herbal medicine for this patient. This patient received hospital treatment for 15 days. Results : Patient's chief complain were neck pain and trapezius pain. NRS of chief complaint decreased from 6 to 2 and Patient's NDI decreased from 46 to 14. Conclusions : We experienced improvement of symptoms in this case by acupuncture stimulation, herbal medicine. and we hope this study is helpful for the treatment of Syringomyelia with HIVD of C-SPINE.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.1 s.29
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• pp.132-140
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• 1995

Object : This study is designed to evaluate the correlation between the data of DITI(Digital Infrared Thermographic Imaging)examination and the changes of clinical symptom after the therapy of acupuncture in the patients with herniated cervical intervertebral disc. Content : The conservative therapy with acupuncture was performed during $4{\sim}5$ weeks, The acupuncture points of SI3, B62, TE3, G34, LI4, S36, GV26, G21, SII5 were used. In the pre- and post therapy, DITI examinations were performed in patients who had HIVD and were treated by acupuncture simultaneously, and then tried to correlate the results of clinical symptoms with the difference of thermographic findings at pre-acupuncture and post-acupuncture. Setting : The standard routine thermoghaphic examinations were performed with thermography(DITI) in the 15 patients with lumbar disc herniations at pre- and post acupuncture. Patient : Thermographic imaging of 15 cases were analyzed. They has disc herniations in X-ray, CT scan and MRI and they were treated by acupuncture theraphy in our hospital from March, 1994 to January, 1995. Result : 1) The causes were trauma(60%), retention of phlegm and fluid(8.7%) and cold & moisture(33.3%) 2) Levels of herniated cervical disc are C2/3(1 case). C3/4(2 cases), C5/6 & C6/7 (2 cases), C6/7(4 cases), Normal(6 cases). 3) Classifications of thermographic pattern are radiculopathy(80%), spot(13.3%), and nonspecific(6.7%) in order. 4) In evaluation Results of clinical symptom are Excellent(80%), Good(6.7%), and Poor(6.7%). Data of DITI are Excellent(80%), Good(6.7%), Fair(6.7%), and Poor(6.7%). Conclusion ; Acupuncture showed good results over 86.7% in clinical evaluation and 86.7% in DITI. Thermographic examination was valuable in the evaluation of therapeutic effect of acupuncture treatment.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.157-165
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• 2006

In order to analyze clinical characteristics like sex- and age-based onset frequency and onset region from vertebral disease cases, this study investigated total 1,291 cases of vertebral disease that were diagnosed via magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) from January to December 2004 at B University Hospital in metropolitan area. For higher diagnostic accuracy in cases of spinal disorder diagnosed, this study analyzed findings from data reading conducted by veteran specialists in diagnostic radiology. But this study excluded uncertain lesion cases, the cases requiring differential diagnosis from other disorders and so on from subjects under analysis. This study employed superconductive 1.5 Tesla SIGNA MR/i for MRI test and basically received resulting images via FSE(fast spin echo). In particular, this study obtained T1 and T2 myelogram with regard to regional characteristics(such as cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae and lumbar vertebra) and imaging characteristics for sagittal and transverse section. As a result, this study came to the following conclusions : 1. In terms of general characteristics of subjects under analysis, male group comprised 53.5% and female 46.5% out of total 1,291 subjects. 2. The regional onset frequency of spinal disorders was converged primarily on lumbar vertebra(65.5%), which was followed by cervical vertebrae(27.3%) and thoracic vertebrae(7.0%) respectively. 3. Top 10 cases with high onset frequency of spinal disorders can be listed as follows : 1) posterior bulging disc 65.8% 2) narrowing of neural foramen 23.8% 3) herniated intervertebral disc (HIVD) 22.4% 4) spinal stenosis 16.7% 5) osteochondrosis 6.4% 6) compression fracture 6.4% 7) facet joint arthropathy 6.2% 8) spondylolisthesis 6.0% 9) spinal cord tumor 3.5% 10) inter body fusion 2.6%

• The Journal of Korea CHUNA Manual Medicine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.31-40
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• 2005

Objectives : The purpose of the study was to find out the characteristic of patients admitted in Oriental Medical Hospital We to traffic accident and to promote the superiority of oriental medical treatment on the sequelae. Methods : 84 inpatients were analyzed statistically according to medical charts, hospitalized from January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2004. Results and Conclusions : By gender, males accounted for 38.1%, while females 61.9%. By age, most incidences occurred in the forties (25%), thirties (22.6%) and twenties (16.6%) in order. With regard to the interval from occurrence of accidents to hospitalization, 26 cases (31%) were found to be hospitalized 41 days after the accidents, followed by 21 cases (25%) in $11{\sim}20$ days and 17 cases (202%) in $1{\sim}2$ days. Most cases tumed out to be minor injuries with 40 patients from cervical sprain (47.6%) and lumbar sprain (37%). The mean duration of hospitalization was $36.58{\pm}48.30$ days Inpatients of paralysis of extremities (sequelae of ICH) numbered the longest stay $(121.00{\pm}75.57\;days)$, cervical sprain that recorded $11.28{\pm}6.52$ days hospitalized. Most of inpatients were treated with acupuncture(100%), moxibustion, cupping therapy (97.6%) and herbal medication(96.4%), chuna Manipulation therapy was chosen selectively with sprain, HIVD.