• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.149-160
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• 2023

This study develops a time-varying system-based noncontact fabric sensor that can measure cerebral blood-flow signals to explore the possibility of brain blood-signal detection and emotional evaluation. The textile sensor was implemented as a coil-type sensor by combining 30 silver threads of 40 deniers and then embroidering it with the computer machine. For the cerebral blood-flow measurement experiment, subjects were asked to attach a coil-type sensor to the carotid artery area, wear an electrocardiogram (ECG) electrode and a respiration (RSP) measurement belt. In addition, Doppler ultrasonography was performed using an ultrasonic diagnostic device to measure the speed of blood flow. The subject was asked to wear Meta Quest 2, measure the blood-flow change signal when viewing the manipulated image visual stimulus, and fill out an emotional-evaluation questionnaire. The measurement results show that the textile-sensor-measured signal also changes with a change in the blood-flow rate signal measured using the Doppler ultrasonography. These findings verify that the cerebral blood-flow signal can be measured using a coil-type textile sensor. In addition, the HRV extracted from ECG and PLL signals (textile sensor signals) are calculated and compared for emotional evaluation. The comparison results show that for the change in the ratio because of the activation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems due to visual stimulation, the values calculated using the textile sensor and ECG signals tend to be similar. In conclusion, a the proposed time-varying system-based coil-type textile sensor can be used to study changes in the cerebral blood flow and monitor emotions.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.70-75
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• 1999

Trancranial Doppler(TCD) monitoring is a new application of ultrasonography which allows the nonivasive detection of blood flow velocity in the horizontal (M1) segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and detects microembolic phenomena in the cerebral circulation. Recent studies emphasized the potential of using this technique in vascular surgery (carotid endarterectomy, cardiopulmonary bypass), interventional and intensive care setting. Although the disparity between CBF and blood flow velocity and number of microemboli could be used to prevent cerebral ischemic and embolism based on clinical studies. A reduction of more than 60% of MCA can reflex hemodynamic ischemic state and acoustic feedback of high intensity transient signals(HITS) from the TCD monitoring unit has a direct influence on surgical technique. TCD monitoring can immediately provide information about thromboembolism and hemodynamic changes, which may be a useful tool in the study and prevention of stroke.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.1 s.31
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• pp.171-189
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• 1996

Background and Purpose: The greater part of patients to visit Hospital of Oriental Medicine suffer from cerebrovascular accident(CVA). There is transcranial Doppler(TCD) in the diagnostic method to confirm cerebrovascular accident(CVA). Transcranial Doppler(TCD) is an accurate method of monitoring the blood flow velocities of the cerebral vessels and have been generally used to prevent symptomatic vasospasm and confirm cerebral infarction. So we studied, in the crebrovascular accident(CVA), to estimate whether transcranial Doppler(TCD) is useful to. Methods: Using transcranial doppler(Multigon Model 500M Transcranial Doppler System), we measured the mean and peak velocity and the direction of blood flow in 10 cerebrovascular accident(CVA)'s subjects who had been examined by Computed Tomography(CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Results : As an anticipation, in cerebrovascular accident(CVA)'s subject with Cb-infarction, the mean and peak velocity of blood flow fell down remarkably and the direction of blood flow was change or irritable. But didn't find out any signal in lacunar infarction. Also, in case with spontaneous hemorrhage, the velocity and direction of blood flow was change but this signal was short of diagnosis for Cb-hemorrhage. Besides, we found signals about embolism, stenosis, thrombosis and occlusion in cerebrovascular accident(CVA)'s subjects. Conclusion: In Cb-infarction, the result of TCD was equal to diagnosis with Computed Tomography(CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). But about lacunar infarction or spontaneous hemorrhage, signals of TCD couldn't be found out or was insufficient more than Computed Tomography(CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI). In cerebrovascular accident(CVA)'s subject with embolism, stenosis, thrombosis or occlusion, signals of TCD were found out more than Computed Tomography(CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI). Therefore transcranial doppler(TCD) is necessary method which makes a diagnosis of cerebrovascular accident(CVA), with Computed Tomography(CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI).

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2009.02a
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• pp.427-428
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• 2009

Optical imaging offers excellent spatio-temporal sensitivity that is unparalleled by any other perfusion based imaging techniques. We used in vivo optical recording of intrinsic signals (ORIS) to map neurovascular hemodynamics of perfusion, oximetry and membrane potential during epileptic events in rat and mouse neocortex. Studies of hemodynamic changes with ORIS alone were also performed in human. Laboratory studies in rodent epilepsy models have demonstrated a persistent increase in deoxygenated hemoglobin (Hbr) and a decrease in tissue oxygenation during interictal spikes and ictal events. This "epileptic dip", like the "initial dip" recorded during normal sensory processing, implies that the enormous rise in cerebral blood flow (CBF) is inadequate to meet the increased metabolic demands associated with synchronized epileptic activity. These findings are critically important to the interpretation of the perfusion-based imaging studies, such as fMRI. In addition, we visualized the effect of direct cortical electrical stimulation, an alterative epilepsy treatment. The optical data following direct cortical electrical stimulation showed that hemodynamic signals are sensitive to different electrical stimulation parameters. Furthermore, our recent data demonstrated that the application of unilateral electrical stimulation is able to elicit bilateral hemodynamic responses in rat neocortex.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.25-31
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• 2017

Objectives : Mori Radicis Cortex (MRC), the root epidermis of Morus alba L., has been traditionally used to treat lung-related diseases in Korean Medicine. The common of MRC is Mulberry bark Morus bark, and it's pharmaceutical properties and taste are known as sweet and cold, and it promotes urination and reduce edema by reducing heat from the lungs and soothe asthma. In the present study, anti-apoptotic mechanism of MRC in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model in mice. Methods : Two-hundred grams of MRC was extracted with methanol at room temperature for 5 days, and this was repeated one time. After filtration, the methanol was removed using vacuum evaporator, then stored at $-20^{\circ}C$ until use. C57BL/6 male mice were housed in an environment with controlled humidity, temperature, and light cycle. In order to determine beneficial effects of MRC on ischemia induced brain damage, infarct volume, neurological deficit scores, activities of several apoptosis-related proteins such as caspase-8, -9, Bcl-xL in MCAO-induced brains of mice were analyzed. Mice in MRC-treated groups were orally administered 30, 100, or 300 mg/kg of body weight for three consecutive days before commencing the MCAO procedure. Results : Pre-treatment of MRC significantly reduced infarct volume in MCAO subjected mice applied with 300 mg/kg of MRC methanol extract, and MRC effectively inhibited Bcl-xL reduction and caspase-9 activation caused by MCAO-induced brain damage. Conclusions : MRC showed neuro-protective effects by regulating apoptosis-related protein signals, and it can be a potential candidate for the therapy of ischemia-induced brain damage.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.114-118
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• 1997

Purpose: Functional MR imaging is the method of demonstrating changes in regional cerebral blood flow produced by sensory, motor, and any other tasks. Functional MR of visual cortex is performed as a patient stares a photic stimulation, so adaptable photic stimulation is necessary. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the size of photic stimulator can affect the degree of visual cortex activation. Materials and Methods: Functional MR imaging was performed in 5 volunteers with normal visual acuity. Photic stimulator was made by 39 light-emitting diodes on a plate, operating at 8Hz. The sizes of photic stimulator were full field, half field and focal central field. The MR imager was Siemens 1.5-T Magnetom Vision system, using standard head coil. Functional MRI utilized EPI sequence (TR/TE= 1.0/51. Omsec, matrix $No.=98{\times}128$, slice thickness=8mm) with 3sets of 6 imaging during stimulation and 6 imaging during rest, all 36 scannings were obtained. Activation images were obtained using postprocessing software(statistical analysis by Z-score), and these images were combined with T-1 weighted anatomical images. The activated signals were quantified by numbering the activated pixels, and activation a index was obtained by dividing the pixel number of each stimulator size with the sum of the pixel number of 3 study using 3 kinds of stimulators. The correlation between the activation index and the stimulator size was analysed. Results: Mean increase of signal intensities on the activation area using full field photic stimulator was about 9.6%. The activation index was greatest on full field, second on half field and smallest on focal central field in 4. The index of half field was greater than that of full field in 1. The ranges of activation index were full field 43-73%(mean 55%), half field 22-40 %(mean 32%), and focal central field 5-24%(mean 13%). Conclusion: The degree of visual cortex activation increases with the size of photic stimulator.