• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.31-34
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• 2022

Cerebellar Hippocampal and Basal Nuclei Transient Edema with Restricted diffusion (CHANTER) syndrome is characterized by an altered mental status. The acute MRI lesions show abnormal restricted diffusion imaging bilaterally and symmetrically in the cerebellum, hippocampus, and basal nuclei. This syndrome is an unknown syndrome and is presumed to be mainly an opioidinduced toxidrome. Here, we present a case study wherein we show that it can also be caused by an antidepressant overdose.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.148-152
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• 2006

Due to its nuclear pleomorphism, knowledge regarding the cytological findings of cerebellar hemangioblastoma can lead to misdiagnosis when using squash specimens, which in other circumstances serves as a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of brain tumors on frozen section. We recently experienced the cytological findings of a cellular variant of cerebellar hemangioblastoma in a 51-year-old man. Squash specimens revealed scattered single tumor cells, with pleomorphic nuclei and cytoplasmic vacuoles, on a hemorrhagic background. The cellular clusters were composed of spindle-shaped endothelial cellsin addition to densely clustered stromal cells. Intranuclear inclusions were frequently seen. The nuclear pleomorphism, bubbly cytoplasmic vacuoles and presence of intranuclear inclusions, seen in the squash specimen, may increase the difficulty of frozen section diagnosis of cerebellar hemangioblastoma. Awareness of the cytologicalfindings of hemangioblastoma is needed to avoid the pitfalls in the intraoperative diagnosis of cerebellar hemangioblastomas.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.314-318
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• 2024

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.66-73
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• 1995

Putative gamma aminobu%sic acid (GABA)-ersic elements in the basilar pontine nuclei were examined in the dos using an antiserum against GABA-glutaraldehvde-protein conjusBtes and the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. GABA-immunoreactive neuronal somata in the basilar Pons exhibited various morphology with the majority being spindle-shaped or multipolar, while some were spheroidal. The size of GABA-orgic neuronal somata was relatively small (approximately $10-20\mum)$ in diameter. GABA-immunoreactive neurons were scattered throughout the pontine nuclei, but the midline region of the medial nucleus at the rostral pons, the lateral nucleus at mid-pontine levels, and the ventral nucleus at the caudal pons exhibited a relatively greater concentration of cell bodies. A sparse number of GABA-ergic neurons were observed within the cerebral peduncle and along the ventral borders of the basilar pons adjacent to the middle cerebellar peduncle at the rostrocaudal levels of the pontine nuclei. These obsenrations provide anatomic evidence of how this inhibitory neural element performs its function in the cortico-prontocerbellar circuitry.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.65-74
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• 1995

개의 교핵내의 GABA를 함유한 억제성 신경세포의 연접부위를 전자현미경을 이용한 면역세포화학적 방법으로 조사하였다. 반응산물은 신경원의 핵부위나 가지돌기에서 관찰되었으며, 반응산물을 포함하고 있지 않은 신경종말이 이들과 비대칭형 연접을 형성하였다. 그 외에도 많은 수의 GABA성 신경종말이 관찰되었으며, 이들은 반응산물을 함유하지 않은 가지돌기와 대칭형 또는 비대칭형 연접을 형성하였다. 한편 축삭돌기-축삭돌기 연접에서는 연접후 유축사돌기 (axon-like processes)가 GABA-양성이었다. 이와 같은 관찰은 개의 교핵에 존재하는 억제성 개재신경원이 여러 수입계로부터의 정보를 통합하고, 이를 소뇌피질이나 소뇌핵에 전달함으로써, 대뇌-교핵-소뇌계의 신경경로에서 조절기능을 담당함을 뒷받침하는 것이다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.607-612
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• 2005

열충격단백질 70 (HSP70)은 복수유전자족으로서 통상적으로 표현되는 Hsc70와 스트레스에 의하여 유도되는 Hsp70가 있다. 포유동물의 신경계통에서는 상당한 량의 HSP70가 정상조건에서도 표현되는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 흰쥐의 소뇌 세포의 연접에서 Hsp70의 표현에 대한 연구를 하였다. 면역조직화학적으로 소뇌절편을 염색하여 관찰한 결과 Hsp70와 Hsc70 모두 표현되었는데, 소뇌 조롱박세포에서 가장 강하게 표현되었으며, 다음으로 소뇌 과립세포에서 강하게 표현되었다. 또한 깊은소뇌핵의 신경세포들도 강하게 염색되었다. 배양한 P1 소뇌신경 세포를 Hsp70 항체로 염색한 결과 Hsp70는 조롱박세포와 과립 세포에서 모두 표현되었으며, 세포체와 가지돌기를 따라 점박이를 형성하였다. 이들 점 박이들은 PSD95 점박이와 같이 위치하였다. 그리고 PSD 분획을 이용한 면역염색에서도 PSD70이 검출되었다. 본 연구결과는 Hsp70이 정상조건에서도 소뇌신경세포의 연접에 존재함을 의미한다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.139-144
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• 1998

I examined the projection of glutamatergic neurons in the lateral reticular nucleus into ansiform (crus l and ll) and paramedian lobules in the rat cerebellum using immunocytochemical methods with antiserum against glutamate combined with WGA-HRP histochemistry. The projections of glutamatergic neurons from the lateral reticular nucleus to crus l were most extensive in number among the three injection cases and the majority of projections originated at the dorsal to dorsomedial region of the ipsilateral magnocellular nucleus. Glutamate-immunoreactive cells projecting to crus ll were less extensive in number than those projecting to crus l and were mainly localized at the dorsomedial portion of the ipsilateral magnocellular nucleus. Double-labelled neurons projecting to crus l or crux ll were also located at ipsilateral subtrigeminal as well as contralateral magnocellular nuclei. Glutamatergic neurons projecting to paramedian lobules were moderate in number and mainly located at the dorsal area of the ipsilateral magnocellular nucleus. A few double-labelled cells were also found at ipsilateral subtrigeminal or contralateral magnocellular nuclei. The present study suggests that glutamate-immunoreactive neurons at the dorsal to dorsomedial magnocellular division of the lateral reticular nucleus may participate in the excitatory control of target neuronal activities at ipsilateral, posterior hemispheric lobules of the rat cerebellum.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.193-197
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• 2002

In spite of abundant anatomical evidences for the fiber connection between vestibular nuclei and inferior olivary (IO) complex, the transmission of vestibular information through the vestibulo- olivo-cerebellar climbing fiber pathway has not been physiologically established. The aims of the present study were to investigate whether there are IO neurons specifically responding to horizontal rotation and also in which subregions of IO complex these vestibularly-activated neurons are located. The extracellular recording was made in 68 IO neurons and responses of 46 vestibularly-activated cells were analyzed. Most of the vestibularly-activated IO neurons responded to signals of vertical rotation (roll), while a small number (13/46) of recorded cells were activated by horizontal canal signal (yaw). Regardless of yaw-sensitive or roll-sensitive, vestibular IO neurons were excited, when the animal was rotated to the side contralateral to the recording side. The gain and excitation phase were very similar to otolithic or vertical-canal responses. Histologic identification of recording sites showed that most of vestibular IO neurons were located in ${\beta}$ subnucleus. Electrical stimulation of a HSC evoked an inhibitory effect on the excitability of the ipsilateral IO neurons. These results suggest that IO neurons mainly in the ${\beta}$ subnucleus receive vestibular signals from semicircular canals and otolithic organs, encode them, and transmit vestibular information to the cerebellum.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.57-70
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• 1997

개의 교핵내 glutamate를 함유한 연접 구조의 분포를 fixative-modified glutamate에 대한 monoclonal antibody를 사용하여 미세구조적 차원에서 조사하였다. 반응산물은 신경세포체의 핵주위 영역에 위치하였으며, 가지돌기내의 미세소관을 따라서 존재하였다. 반응산물을 함유하지 않은 한 개이상의 신경종말이 glutamate에 면역반응을 나타낸 가지돌기와 비대칭형 연접을 형성하였다. 그 외에도 수초로 둘러싸인 축삭돌기나 신경종말내에서도 반응산물이 관찰되었다. 이들 신경종말은 표지된 또는 표지되지않은 가지돌기와 비대칭형 연접을 형성하였다. 이상의 관찰은 glutamate에 면역반응을 나타내는 흥분성 교핵 신경원이, glutamate를 함유한 교핵으로의 여러 수입계나, 교핵으로부터 소뇌로의 투사 신경세포, 그리고 소뇌피질내의 glutamate성 과립세포를 포괄하는 다연접 신경경로에서 어떤 역할을 수행하는지에 관한 형태학적 근거를 제시한다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.103-112
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• 2018

Pathological laughing and crying (PLC) is a condition defined by relatively uncontrollable episodes of laughter, crying or both. PLC is an uncommon symptom usually caused by cerebral lesions. Midbrain involvement causing PLC is extremely unusual and the exact mechanism by which this condition develops is poorly understood. We recently experienced a 51-year-old woman who were diagnosed as PLC after midbrain infarction. She was treated by acupuncture, pulsed electromagnetic therapy (PEMT). After 6 weeks treatment, Pathological Laughter and Crying Scale (PLACS), Korean version of the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (K-SARA) are decreased and Korean version of Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI) is increased. Treatment of traditional Korean Medicine could be effective for stoke rehabilitation including post-stroke PLC. And we have considered mechanism of PLC associated with midbrain lesion, dysfunction of cortex-thalamus-hypothalamus-basal ganglia-mesencephalon and faciorespiratory nuclei pathways, cerebro-ponto-cerebellar pathways and damaged serotonergic neurotransmission can cause this based on recent neurobiology of emotion. To define exact mechanism and find effective treatment, further studies are needed.