• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.2096-2101
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• 2020

Background: The effect of mobilization on lumbar back pain has been fully described in several clinical aspects, but evidence for muscle strength would be still less clear. Objective: To assess the effect of lumbar mobilization on lower limb strength in healthy individuals. Methods and Analysis: Healthy people aged 18-65 will be included regardless of race or sex. Original peer-reviewed primary reporting randomized controlled trials (RCTs) will be included. Electronic databases, such as MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, Pedro, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov will be searched from inception until July 30. Only studies published in English will be included in this review. Two reviewers will complete the screening for eligibility independently, and the other two reviewers will also complete the risks of data extraction and bias assessment independently. Lower Limb strength will be assessed as primary outcome, and particular intervention or participant characteristics will be assessed as the secondary outcomes. Meta-analysis will be conducted using Review Manager 5.3.3, and evidence level will be assessed using the method for Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Outcomes will be presented as the weighted mean difference or standardized mean difference with 95% CI. If I² ≤ 50%, P>.1, the fixed effect model will be used, otherwise, random-effects model will be used. Ethics and dissemination: This review might not be necessary ethical approval because it does not require individual patient's data; these findings will be published in conference presentations or peer-reviewed journal articles. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020150144.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.123-142
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of non-pharmacologic interventions in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL, and several Korean databases (Until August 2017) were searched. The main search strategy combined terms for peripheral neuropathy and presence of neoplasms. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane's Risk of Bias tool for randomized studies and the Risk of Bias Assessment tool for non-randomized studies. To estimate the effect size, a meta-analysis of the studies was performed using the Rev Man 5.3 program of the Cochrane Library random-effects models were used in the analyses. Results: Twenty-two studies with a total of 954 participants met the inclusion criteria. Of the 22 studies, 12 were used to estimate the effect size of the non-pharmacologic interventions. The non-pharmacologic interventions used in patients with CIPN were exercise, acupuncture, massage, and foot bath. The acupuncture significantly reduced CIPN symptoms and signs (d=-0.71) and CIPN pain (d=-0.73) (p<.001). Massage and foot bath were also effective in reducing CIPN symptoms (d=-0.68; 95% CI=-1.05, -0.30; p<.001; $I^2=19%$).Exercises were effective in improving muscle strength and endurance(d=-0.55) and quality of life (d=-2.96), but they were not significantly effective in improving CIPN. Conclusion: Although these results provide little evidence of the effectiveness of acupuncture, massage, and foot bath in the treatment of CIPN, they suggest that these interventions can reduce CIPN symptoms in patients with cancer. However, the findings of this study should be interpreted with caution as there is a relative lack of data in this field, and additional well-designed studies are needed. PROSPERO registration: CRD42017076278.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.219-225
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• 2011

Korean red ginseng (KRG) is a valuable and important traditional medicine in East Asian countries and is currently used extensively for botanical products in the world. KRG has both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on the central nervous system (CNS) suggesting its complicated action mechanisms. The substantia gelatinosa (SG) neurons of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) are involved in orofacial nociceptive processing. Some studies reported that KRG has antinociceptive effects, but there are few reports of the functional studies of KRG on the SG neurons of the Vc. In this study, a whole cell patch clamp study was performed to examine the action mechanism of a KRG extract on the SG neurons of the Vc from juvenile mice. KRG induced short-lived and repeatable inward currents on all the SG neurons tested in the high chloride pipette solution. The KRG-induced inward currents were concentration dependent and were maintained in the presence of tetrodotoxin, a voltage gated $Na^+$ channel blocker. The KRG-induced inward currents were suppressed by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione, a non-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor antagonist and/or picrotoxin, a gamma-aminobutyric acid $(GABA)_A$ receptor antagonist. However, the inward currents were not suppressed by d,l-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid, an NMDA receptor antagonist. These results show that KRG has excitatory effects on the SG neurons of the Vc via the activation of non-NMDA glutamate receptor as well as an inhibitory effect by activation of the $GABA_A$ receptor, indicating the KRG has both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on the CNS. In addition, KRG may be a potential target for modulating orofacial pain processing.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.91-102
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• 2012

Metabolomics is the systematic identification and quantification of all metabolites in an organism or biological sample. NMR has been used as a major application tool in plant metabolomics such as quality control, chemotaxonomy, and analysis of genetically modified plants. Herbal medicines are the important therapeutics and are used to manage common diseases such as cold, inflammation, pain, heart diseases, liver cirrhosis, diabetes and central nerve system diseases. Herb plants include various kinds of species such as geranium, mint, and thyme and so on and contain different kinds of metabolites. We performed NMR-based metabolomics study on the seven different species of herb plants using $^1H$ NMR experiments and OPLS-DA to understand the correlation between the classification of herb plants and their metabolite contents. This study showed clear metabolic discrimination among various herb plants. This metabolmics study found several diagnostic NMR signals which are able to be used as bio-markers for identification of the specific herb plants among various species. Clear metabolic discrimination of herb plants suggests three chemotaxonomic groups of herb species.

• 재활복지
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.83-102
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for effective management and prevention of chronic diseases and secondary complications as elderly spinal cord injuries(SCI). The subjects were 200 spinal cord injuries admitted to S hospital from April, 2013 to April, 2018. We investigated the occurrence of chronic diseases and secondary complication through medical records. The results showed that SCI were affected chronic diseases and secondary complications over 50years. The prevalence of chronic diseases and secondary complications over 50 years of age had the odds ratio 11.8 times higher in hypertension and 6.7 times diabetes mellitus. Secondary complications had the odds ratio Osteoporosis 7.5 times, Pneumonia 5.2 times, and central pain 0.4 times. We suggest that continuous management and service of chronic diseases and secondary complications of elderly SCI are necessary. It will be necessary to expand the target population and to study various characteristics including.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.181-189
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• 2019

Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) refers to the complication affecting the central nervous system (CNS) and cardiovascular system (CVS) due to the overdose of local anesthesia. Its reported prevalence is 0.27/1000, and the representative symptoms range from dizziness to unconsciousness in the CNS and from arrhythmias to cardiac arrest in the CVS. Predisposing factors of LAST include extremes of age, pregnancy, renal disease, cardiac disease, hepatic dysfunction, and drug-associated factors. To prevent the LAST, it is necessary to recognize the risk factors for each patient, choose a safe drug and dose of local anesthesia, use vasoconstrictor, confirm aspiration and use incremental injection techniques. According to the treatment guidelines for LAST, immediate application of lipid emulsion plays an important role. Although lipid emulsion is commonly used for parenteral nutrition, it has recently been widely used as a non-specific antidote for various types of drug toxicity, such as LAST treatment. According to the recently published guidelines, 20% lipid emulsion is to be intravenously injected at 1.5 mL/kg. After bolus injection, 15 mL/kg/h of lipid emulsion is to be continuously injected for LAST. However, caution must be observed for >1000 mL of injection, which is the maximum dose. We reviewed the incidence, mechanism, prevention, and treatment guidelines, and a serious complication of LAST occurring due to dental anesthesia. Furthermore, we introduced lipid emulsion that has recently been in the spotlight as the therapeutic strategy for LAST.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the relationship among musculoskeletal problems, sleep problems, and self-rated mental health of home-care workers. Methods: Data were collected from 447 home-care workers spanning three occupation types: life supporters for the elderly, home-visit caregivers, and life supporters for the disabled. Musculoskeletal problems, sleep problems, and self-rated mental health were assessed using structured questionnaires. Factors affecting self-rated mental health were analyzed using multiple regression. SPSS was used to test the mediating effects of sleep problems on musculoskeletal problems and self-rated mental health. Results: Among the general characteristics, the variables that showed significant differences in musculoskeletal problems were monthly income level, caring-related career duration, weekly working hours, and occupation type; and the variable that showed significant differences in self-rated mental health was occupation type. Among the occupation types, supporters for the disabled had the most musculoskeletal problems and the lowest self-rated mental health. Musculoskeletal problems among home-care workers had a direct negative effect on self-rated mental health and indirect negative effects on sleep problems. Conclusion: Measures are needed to reduce the differences in working conditions and health status among the occupation types of home-care workers. Considering the relevance between the health issues of home-care workers, the development of a carefully designed health promotion strategy is required.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.228-239
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• 2022

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness, tolerability, acceptability, and safety of sodium picosulphate with magnesium citrate (PS/Mg) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) in children (≤18 years) preparing for colonoscopy. Methods: Three electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) were searched till July 2020. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. At least two authors independently selected studies and performed risk of bias assessment and data extraction. Results: Four RCTs (n=390), with overall good quality were included. A meta-analysis of two trials (n=224) found no statistically significant difference between the groups with respect to the proportion of patients who had excellent and good scores (≥6 points) according to the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (relative risk: 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.90 to 1.08). Excellent and good scores were observed in both groups in approximately 90% of children. A meta-analysis of two other trials (n=150) showed no significant difference between the groups with respect to the mean total score for the Ottawa Bowel Preparation Scale (mean difference: 0.20; 95% CI: -0.74 to 1.14). Both regimens provided a comparable safety profile; however, PS/Mg was significantly superior to high volume PEG in terms of tolerability (abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, bloating/flatulence/fullness) and acceptability (ease of formulation consumption, taste acceptance, need for nasogastric tube, compliance with full dose). Conclusion: PS/Mg provides a quality and safety profile similar to PEG for bowel cleansing; however, it has better acceptance and tolerance in children preparing for colonoscopy.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.27-37
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• 2022

Objectives This study aimed to investigate the clinical trial trends of Chuna manual therapy (CMT) on gynecologic disease and suggest the effectiveness and safety evidence for further study. Methods We searched nine electronic databases (CENTRAL, CiNii, CNKI, EMBASE, KMbase, KISS, MEDLINE PubMed, NDSL, and OASIS) using the search terms "Chuna" and "Tuina" and identified relevant literature that investigated the CMT as an intervention for gynecologic disease. All relevant papers were extracted and selected to be analyzed. Results Among the 1456 studies that were searched and screened, 18 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) satisfied the designated criteria. A meta-analysis showed that CMT had a curative effect on patients with primary dysmenorrhea, postpartum hypogalactia, breast hyperplasia, postpartum urinary retention, and pelvic pain. Conclusions Based on this study, CMT should be comprehensively considered for gynecologic disease. The treatment response was significantly enhanced after treatment; however, there were some limitations in the study. More well-designed RCTs are needed to ensure that all gynecologic patients have a safe and effective therapy.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2023

Purpose: Hyperdontia is a developmental disorder of the oral cavity. Mesiodens refers to the hyperdontia located between the maxillary central incisors. During the surgical procedure, the anesthetic method for pain control should be considered along with factors related to the surgery itself. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the impacted position of the mesiodens on the selection of sedation method and to suggest incisive foramen as a brief reference. Materials and Methods: This study included 126 patients who were scheduled for extraction of mesiodens. The selection criteria included patients with one palatally impacted inverted mesiodens accessible from the palatal gingival margin, and those with good cooperation potential in order to control for clinical information. Using cone beam computed tomography, vertical, horizontal, and palatal positional factors were measured, and the anesthetic method was determined by two examiners. The patients were grouped into vertical and horizontal groups based on the position of the incisive foramen. Data were statistically analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test, the chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis. Result: All positional factors differed between the outpatient and inpatient anesthetic groups. The vertical minimum distance from the alveolar ridge to the mesiodens (Va) and the minimum distance from the palatal surface to the crown tip of the mesiodens (Tc) were factors affecting the choice of anesthetic method. The distribution of the vertical and horizontal positional groups differed between the outpatient and inpatient anesthetic groups. Conclusion: The incisive foramen can be used as a brief reference to determine the appropriate anesthetic method. Referral for inpatient anesthesia may be a priority if they are in the V₂H₂ group with Va ≥5 mm, and Tc ≥6 mm, and outpatient sedation may be considered if they are in the V₁H₁ group with Va ≤1.5 mm, and Tc ≤2.5 mm.