• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.302-309
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• 2009

This study investigated the effects of infrared (IR) radiation combined with air blast thawing on the physical properties of pork. Regardless of air velocity, increasing IR dosage produced an exponential increase in the thawing rate of pork. This rate increased further when air blast velocity was increased. IR treatments showed significantly lower thawing loss than that of 0 Watt treatment, while increasing air velocity significantly increased thawing loss of pork (p<0.05). Increasing both IR power and air velocity tended to decrease the cooking loss of pork. Moreover, increased IR power tended to decrease the water holding capacity and shear force of pork. The shear force changes were not significant (p>0.05). Shear force also increased with increasing air velocity. In addition, the higher the air velocity the higher the shear force of pork. In Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) colour determination, control of temperature prevented discolouration from overheating of sample surface. The results suggest that IR dosage combined with air blast has potential in thawed meat quality aspects, and that humidity control could prevent surface drying.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.1731-1736
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• 2008

In this paper, singly fed circularly polarized nearly-square patch antenna for receiving S-DMB is presented. It used teflon substrate of relative dielectric constant ${\in}_{\gamma}=2.2$ and the sire is $40{\times}40{\times}15[mm]$. Experimental results of fabricated antenna show that input return loss and axial ratio are about 22MHz, 25MHz at the center resonant frequency, respectively. And fabricated LNA has gain of 27.5 [dB], NF of 1.27 [dB], input return loss of -15.4 [dB] and output return loss of -18.9 dB, respectively. Simulation results and experimental results are good agreements. This proposed antenna is well able to handheld gadgets for receiving S-DMB.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.525-529
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• 2009

In this paper, microstrip patch antenna with diagonal slotted type using RFID is designed. This microstrip patch antenna is designed by considering the properties of critical parameter like the size, the truncating dimension, position of feed power and the height of airspace. the designed microstrip patch antenna has the lowest return loss in 915MHz, and in case of the voltage standing wave ratio(VSWR) is less than 1.2 under return loss -16dB, it has bandwidth of about 26MHz. Also, the microstrip patch antenna has the gain of 6dBi on the center frequency of 915MHz band and 2.8dB in the rate of reduction.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.231-237
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• 2021

Enhancing the performance of maritime wireless communication has been highlighted by the issue of cell planning in the sea area because of lack of an appropriate Propagation Loss Model (PLM). To resolve the cell planning issue in vast sea areas, it was essential to develop the (PLM) matching the intended sea area. However, there were considerable gaps between the prediction of legacy PLMs and field measurement in propagation loss and there was a need to develop the adjusted PLM (A-PLM). Therefore, cell planning was performed on this adjusted model, including modification of the base station's location, altitude, and antenna azimuth to meet the quality objectives. Furthermore, in order to verify the availability of the cell planning, Communication Service Quality Monitoring System (CS-QMS) was developed in the LTE-Maritime project to collect LTE signal quality information from the onboard equipment at regular intervals and to ensure that the service quality was high enough to satisfy the goals in each designated grid. As a result of verification, the success rate of RSRP was 95.7% for the intensive management zone (IMZ) and 96.4% for the interested zone (IZ), respectively.

• Journal of Ceramic Processing Research
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.388-393
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• 2018

Sublimation of $Bi_2O_3$-based materials is an important degradation issue for the long-term applications of many electronic devices. A series of $SnO_2$-doped $Bi_2O_3$ materials (SBO), was synthesized, densified, and then tested in air or strong reducing atmosphere. The $SnO_2$-doping effects and sublimation kinetics of the SBO materials were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and precise mass loss measurement. The results show that formation of $Bi_2Sn_2O_7$ phase greatly retards the mass loss of SBO. The SBO samples show a surface sublimation in an energy of $52.6kJ{\cdot}mol^{-1}$. However, the sublimation is also controlled by surface microstructure as the amount of vaporizing species (the Bi or gaseous Bi-oxides) is more than 0.1 mass%. The evaporation is retarded on the rough surface and the mechanism of surface evaporation is changed to diffusional control.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.403-410
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• 1995

A loss of the residual heat removal (RHR) accident during mid-loop operation of Yong-gwang Nuclear Units 3/4 was analyzed using the RELAP5/MOD3.1.2 code. In this work the following assumptions are used; (i) initially the reactor coolant system (RCS) above the hot leg center line is filled with nitrogen gas, (ii) two 3/4-inch diameter vent valves on the reactor vessel head and the top of pressurizer in the reactor coolant system are always open, and a level indicator is connected to the RMR suction line, (iii) the two steam generators are in wet layup status and the steam generator atmospheric dump valve assemblies are removed so that the secondary side pressure remains at nearly atmospheric condition throughout the accident, and (iv) the loss of RHR is presumed to occur at 48 hours after reactor shutdown. Findings from the RELAP5 calculations are (i) the core boiling begins at ∼5 min, (ii) the peak RCS pressure is ∼3.0 bar, which implies a possibility of temporary seal break, (iii) ∼94 % of the decay heat is removed by reflux condensation in the steam generator U-tubes in spite of the presence of noncondensable gas, (iv) the core uncovery time is evaluated to be 7.2 hours. Significant mass errors were observed in the calculations.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.540-542
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• 2023

Due to the serious issues posed by facial manipulation technologies, many researchers are becoming increasingly interested in the identification of face forgeries. The majority of existing face forgery detection methods leverage powerful data adaptation ability of neural network to derive distinguishing traits. These deep learning-based detection methods frequently treat the detection of fake faces as a binary classification problem and employ softmax loss to track CNN network training. However, acquired traits observed by softmax loss are insufficient for discriminating. To get over these limitations, in this study, we introduce a novel discriminative feature learning based on Vision Transformer architecture. Additionally, a separation-center loss is created to simply compress intra-class variation of original faces while enhancing inter-class differences in the embedding space.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.108-116
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• 2024

Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) is widely popular among shoulder surgeons and patients, and its prevalence has increased dramatically in recent years. With this increased use, the indicated pathologies associated with RTSA are more likely to be encountered, and challenging patient presentations are more likely to be seen. One prominent challenging presentation is RTSA patients with severe glenoid bone loss. Several techniques with varying degrees of invasiveness, including excessive reaming, alternate centerline, bone grafting, and patient-specific implants (PSIs), have been developed to treat patients with this presentation. PSI treatment uses a three-dimensional reconstruction of a computed tomography scan to design a prosthetic implant or component customized to the patient's glenoid morphology, allowing compensation for any significant bone loss. The novelty of this technology implies a paucity of available literature, and although many studies show that PSIs have good potential for solving challenging shoulder problems, some studies have reported questionable and equivocal outcomes. Additional research is needed to explore the indications, outcomes, techniques, and cost-efficiency of this technology to help establish its role in current treatment guidelines and strategies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.47-54
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• 2024

PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify the potential clinically predictive indicators of the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass (ALSMM) in middle-aged women. METHODS: The data from a cross-sectional study involving 2,066 community-dwelling female participants aged 40 to 49 years were analyzed. Complex sampling analyses were used to ensure a nationally representative analysis, incorporating the individual weights provided by KNHANES. This approach accounted for the stratified, clustered, and multistage probability sampling design of the survey. The participants were screened for ALSMM, and various potential predictive indicators were assessed, including age, height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal muscle mass index, smoking and drinking status, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose levels, triglyceride levels, and cholesterol levels. RESULTS: Significant potential predictive indicators for ALSMM included height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal muscle mass index, and fasting glucose (p < .05). The systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride levels triglyceride, and drinking and smoking status were found to be non-significant variables (p > .05). CONCLUSION: The study identified the potential predictive indicators for ALSMM among community-dwelling middle-aged women. These findings enhance the current understanding of ALSMM and highlight the potential predictive indicators associated with its development in middle-aged women.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.439-445
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• 2017

Objective: Production of alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase (${\alpha}GT$)-deficient pigs is essential to overcome xenograft rejection in pig-to-human xenotransplantation. However, the production of such pigs requires a great deal of cost, time, and labor. Heterozygous ${\alpha}GT$ knockout pigs should be bred at least for two generations to ultimately obtain homozygote progenies. The present study was conducted to produce ${\alpha}GT$-deficient miniature pigs in much reduced time using mitotic recombination in neonatal ear skin fibroblasts. Methods: Miniature pig fibroblasts were transfected with ${\alpha}GT$ gene-targeting vector. Resulting gene-targeted fibroblasts were used for nuclear transfer (NT) to produce heterozygous ${\alpha}GT$ gene-targeted piglets. Fibroblasts isolated from ear skin biopsies of these piglets were cultured for 6 to 8 passages to induce loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and treated with biotin-conjugated IB4 that binds to galactose-${\alpha}$-1,3-galactose, an epitope produced by ${\alpha}GT$. Using magnetic activated cell sorting, cells with monoallelic disruption of ${\alpha}GT$ were removed. Remaining cells with LOH carrying biallelic disruption of ${\alpha}GT$ were used for the second round NT to produce homozygous ${\alpha}GT$ gene-targeted piglets. Results: Monoallelic mutation of ${\alpha}GT$ gene was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction in fibroblasts. Using these cells as nuclear donors, three heterozygous ${\alpha}GT$ gene-targeted piglets were produced by NT. Fibroblasts were collected from ear skin biopsies of these piglets, and homozygosity was induced by LOH. The second round NT using these fibroblasts resulted in production of three homozygous ${\alpha}GT$ knockout piglets. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that the time required for the production of ${\alpha}GT$-deficient miniature pigs could be reduced significantly by postnatal skin biopsies and subsequent selection of mitotic recombinants. Such procedure may be beneficial for the production of homozygote knockout animals, especially in species, such as pigs, that require a substantial length of time for breeding.