• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.24-58
• /
• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to confirm the Efficacy and Safety of "Functional cosmetics containing Humulus japonicus Extract" on dry skin due to mild atopic dermatitis. Methods : A total of 48 patients who visited Semyung Oriental Medical Center from March 20th, 2018 to July 5th, 2018 were included in the study. In this study, the patients were treated with Functional cosmetics containing Humulus japonicus Extract and positive control group. For 6 weeks of gross examination, instrumental assessment were made before and after the study to evaluate how well the products for treatment group with positive control products for control group in recovering the dry skin barriers by mild atopic dermatitis. Results : 1. In the primary endpoint, Skin Hydration showed a statistically significant increase and Transepidermal Water Loss(TEWL) showed a statistically significant decrease in treatment group between Baseline and 6 weeks. 2. In the secondary endpoint, Skin Hydration showed a statistically significant increase in treatment group between Baseline and 3 weeks, but TEWL showed no statistical significance. 3. In the secondary endpoint, Skin Hydration showed a statistically significant increase in treatment group between 3 weeks and 6 weeks, but TEWL showed no statistical significance. 4. In the secondary endpoint, Change of Skin Hydration and TEWL between treatment and control group showed a statistical significance in 6 weeks. 5. In the secondary endpoint, Change of Skin Hydration of 1cm below the medial aspect of the elbow between treatment and control group showed a statistical significance in 3 weeks. 6. In the secondary endpoint, Change of Skin Hydration between treatment and control group showed a statistical significance in 3 weeks and 6 weeks except Center between the medial aspect of the elbow and the wrist in 3 weeks, and Change of TEWL between treatment and control group showed a statistical significance in 6 weeks. 7. To evaluate the safety of the products for the human body, Adverse events, EASI Score, Itching Symptoms Assessment, vital sign check were conducted; There were no severe adverse events during this study. And both experimental group and control group showed no abnormal level. Therefore, it is suggested that products, if used for certain period, should be safe for the human body. Conclusions : According to the above experiments, it is suggested that "Functional cosmetics containing Humulus japonicus Extract" should be effective for dry skin due to mild atopic dermatitis.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.5-11
• /
• 2019

The main objective of this study was to analyse polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments obtained from near Nakdong estuary, and to estimate ecological risks of PAHs using PAHs concentrations. The main constituents of sediments were $SiO_2$, $Al_2O_3$, CaO, $Fe_2O_3$, and ignition loss of sediments ranged from 2.97% and 8.39%. Total concentrations of PAHs ranged from $128.4ng\;g^{-1}$ and $507.4ng\;g^{-1}$, and the major PAHs were 2 ring and 4 ring aromatic hydrocarbons. Each concentrations of PAHs are all below effect range low, which indicated that each PAHs in 8 studying sites show low ecological risk. From M-ERM-Q analyses, M-ERM-Q values of 8 studying sites are below 0.1 indicating low ecological risk. From source apportionment analyses, PAHs come from grass, wood, charcoal combustion for N-1 and N-7, petroleum combustion for N-5 and N-6, petroleum pollution for N-2, N-3, N-4, N-8.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.100 no.2
• /
• pp.305-313
• /
• 2011

Fertilization is essential to seedling production in nursery culture, but excessive fertilization can contaminate surface and ground water around the nursery. The objective of this study was to find optimal fertilization practice of container seedling production for reducing soil and water contamination around the nursery without compromising seedling quality. This study was conducted to investigate growth performance, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, and chlorophyll contents of Liriodendron tulipifera growing under three different fertilization treatments (Constant rate, Three-stage rate, and Exponential rate fertilization). Root collar diameter, height, and biomass of L. tulipifera were the highest at Constant treatment. Like growth performance, seedling quality index (SQI) were higher at Constant than at other treatments, but not significantly different among treatments. L. tulipifera showed good photosynthetic capacity at all treatments. Photochemical efficiency and chlorophyll contents were significantly lower at Exponential than at other treatments. Therefore, Exponential fertilization which is 50% fertilizer of other treatments would maximize seedling growth and minimize nutrient loss.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.43 no.4
• /
• pp.201-209
• /
• 2020

In Korea, bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a representative zoonotic disease that causes considerable economic loss. In determining the positive bTB, the ELISA method for examining the amount of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is included in Korea's diagnostic standard method. Recently, commercially available BIONOTE TB-Feron ELISA Plus (TB-Feron Plus) that detects IFN-γ has been introduced. However, since the scientific basis for the performance is limited, we evaluated performance by comparing it with the results of another IFN-γ ELISA assay kit (BOVIGAM®) certified by Office International des Epizooties. In our research, 42 positive blood samples preliminarily tested with a tuberculin skin test and/or BOVIGAM® and 54 negative blood samples collected from three bTB free farms were subjected to IFN-γ assay using the TB-Feron Plus and the BOVIGAM®, respectively. The result shows that the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 81.0% (34/42), 100% (54/54), 91.7% (88/96) in TB-Feron Plus kit and 78.6% (33/42), 100% (54/54), 90.6% (87/96) in BOVIGAM® kit, respectively. Moreover, the overall accordance percentage of the two kits was 99.0% (95/96) and there was almost perfect agreement between two assays (Kappa=0.977, P<0.0001). Furthermore, additional studies confirmed that elevated lymphocyte numbers in blood did not interfere with the results of the TB-Feron Plus kit. And, delayed time from sampling to culture decreased the optical density (OD) value. Therefore, we concluded that the TB-Feron Plus kit was not inferior to BOVIGAM® in performance. High lymphocyte numbers in blood did not impact on TB-Feron Plus results, while delayed time before culture interfered with OD value.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.207-216
• /
• 2021

Supplement of high-protein food plays an important role in improving the symptoms of malnutrition and the immune capacity of the body, but the association of high-protein diet and gut microbiota remained unaddressed. Here, we systematically analyzed the internal organs and gut microbiota in C57(WT) or PD-1H-depleted (KO) mice (T cells were activated) fed with pupae or feed for six weeks. We observed that the body weight gain in the mice fed with pupae increased less significantly than that of the feed group, while the villi and small intestine lengths in the pupa group were reduced compared with that of mice given feed. However, the average body weight of the KO mice increased compared with that of the WT mice fed with pupae or feed. Pupae increased the concentration of blood glucose in WT, but not in KO mice. Moreover, in the feed group, there was no difference in the weight of the internal organs between the WT and KO mice, but in the pupae-fed group, liver weight was decreased and spleen weight was increased compared with that of KO mice. The amounts/plural/amounts of Melainabacteria, Chloroflexi, and Armatimonadetes were specifically upregulated by pupae, and this upregulation was weakened or eliminated by PD-1H depletion. Some bacteria with high abundance in the feed-fed KO mice, such as Deferribacteres, Melainabacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes and Verrucomicrobia, were decreased in pupae-fed KO mice, and Proteobacteria and Deinococcus were specifically enriched in pupae-fed KO mice. Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Akkermansia were associated with weight loss in the pupae-fed group while Lachnospiraceae and Anaerobiospirillum were related glucose metabolism and energy consumption. Based on high-throughput sequencing, we discovered that some gut bacteria specifically regulated the metabolism of a high-protein diet, and PD-1H deficiency improved life quality and sustained blood glucose. Moreover, PD-1H responses to high-protein diet through modulating the type and quantity of gut bacteria. These findings provide evidence about the association among gut microbiota, T cell activation (for PD-1H depletion) and high-protein diet metabolism, have important theoretical significance for nutrition and health research.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.47 no.6
• /
• pp.445-453
• /
• 2021

Objectives: Periodontitis is the most common chronic disease that causes tooth loss and is related to systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. An objective indicator of the current activity of periodontitis is necessary. Soluble forms of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) are markers that reflect the status of inflammatory diseases. In this study, the relationship between sRAGE and periodontitis was analyzed to determine whether it can be used to diagnose the current state of periodontitis. Patients and Methods: Eighty-four patients without any systemic diseases were diagnosed with periodontitis using three classifications of periodontitis. Demographics and oral examination data such as plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP) index, and probing pocket depth (PPD) were analyzed according to each classification. In addition, correlation and partial correlation between sRAGE and the values indicating periodontitis were analyzed. Results: In each classification, the level of sRAGE tended to decrease if periodontitis was present or severe, but this change was not statistically significant. sRAGE and periodontitis-related variables exhibited a weak correlation, among which the BOP index showed a relatively strong negative correlation (ρ=-0.20). Based on this, on analyzing the correlation between the BOP index and sRAGE in the group with more severe periodontitis (PPD≥5 mm group, severe group of AAP/CDC [American Academy of Periodontology/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention], periodontitis group of López), the correlation further increased (ρ=-0.23, -0.40, -0.50). Partial correlation analysis of the sRAGE and BOP index showed a stronger negative correlation (ρ=-0.36, -0.55, -0.45). Conclusion: sRAGE demonstrated a tendency to decrease upon increased severity of periodontitis according to the classifications used. Above all, the correlation with the BOP index, which reflects the current state of periodontitis, was higher in the group with severe periodontitis. This indicates that the current status of periodontitis can be diagnosed through sRAGE.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
• /
• v.60 no.4
• /
• pp.320-329
• /
• 2022

Physiological wear of occlusal surface is inevitable throughout the lifetime, and considered to be normal. Pathologic wear, however, may cause fatal damage to the occlusal surface and destroy esthetics and proper anterior guidance. In such cases, rehabilitation of occlusal wear should be followed by thorough evaluation and diagnosis. In this present case, severe occlusal wear was found in the labial surfaces of mandibular anterior teeth and palatal surfaces of maxillary anterior teeth. Occlusal vertical dimension was evaluated and decided to be regained due to insufficient amount of restorative space. After determining new occlusal vertical dimension, diagnostic wax-up is usually performed to continue prosthodontic treatment. In this case with collapsed occlusion and loss of occlusal vertical dimension, conventional diagnostic wax-up was replaced with various digital devices. Diagnostic wax-up was digitally performed in the software and provisional prosthesis was fabricated with digital tools. With verification with provisional prosthesis, the entire dentition was rehabilitated with newly set occlusal vertical dimension and proper anterior guidance.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.87-110
• /
• 2022

This study was conducted based on the need to establish an operational plan following the establishment of the Okcheon-gun Daily Life Culture and Sports Center Library, and for the users of public libraries in Okcheon-gun, the functions and roles of the Okcheon-gun Library, collection related to operational direction, user service related activation, library usage related status survey, preference for the future use and perception of desired services were surveyed. Based on the results of the perception survey, the direction required by the Okcheon-gun residents for the Library was identified, and the research results are as follows. As a result of the study, first, when establishing a collection plan, the data types ought to be based on the printed materials and the multi-media materials to reflect the needs of the users, and it may also be necessary to collect them in consideration of the subject areas including literature, art, history, and technical sciences. Second, to provide various information services, it would be necessary to establish an overall information service plan, and it was identified that it would be necessary to develop various information services according to the user preferences and provide cooperative services. Third, it was determined that the programs appropriate for the various subjects and age groups should be continuously expanded moving forward in consideration of the larges demand for programs by the residents of Okcheon-gun. Fourth, new constructions and spatial improvements are needed, and the overall preference for open spaces was significant. In the case of cultural space, the preference for youth cultural facilities, convenience facilities for residents, infinite loss of imagination, and the (experiential) exhibition halls turned out to be large.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.180-193
• /
• 2021

The complex resistivity method is an exploration technique that can obtain various characteristic information of underground media by measuring resistivity and phase in the frequency domain, and its utilization has recently increased. In this paper, a three-dimensional inversion algorithm for the CR data was developed to increase the utilization of this method. The Poisson equation, which can be applied when the electromagnetic coupling effect is ignored, was applied to the modeling, and the inversion algorithm was developed by modifying the existing algorithm by adopting comlex variables. In order to increase the stability of the inversion, a technique was introduced to automatically adjust the Lagrangian multiplier according to the ratio of the error vector and the model update vector. Furthermore, to compensate for the loss of data due to noisy phase data, a two-step inversion method that conducts inversion iterations using only resistivity data in the beginning and both of resistivity and phase data in the second half was developed. As a result of the experiment for the synthetic data, stable inversion results were obtained, and the validity to real data was also confirmed by applying the developed 3D inversion algorithm to the analysis of field data acquired near a hydrothermal mine.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.157-162
• /
• 2023

Among the failures of photovoltaic power generation facilities, failures caused by surges account for 20% of the total failure rate, and energy emissions of tens to hundreds [A] during power generation and electrical damage to inverters and connection boards lead to electrical safety accidents. In particular, in the case of lightning, an abnormal voltage is induced in an electric circuit to destroy insulation, and the current flowing at this time causes a fire and acts as a factor that accelerates the deterioration of parts. Due to this action, the problem of electrical safety of solar power generation devices spreading from outside the city center to the inside of the city center such as houses, apartments, and government offices is emerging. Since lightning strikes cause both field-based and conducted electrical interference, this effect increases with increasing cable length or conductor loops. In addition, surge damages not only solar modules, inverters and monitoring devices, but also building facilities, which can eventually cause operational shutdown due to fire of the photovoltaic power generation system and consequent financial loss. Therefore, in this paper, a lightning protection system for solar power generation devices is studied for the purpose of reducing property damage and human casualties due to the increase in fire and electrical safety accidents caused by lightning strikes in photovoltaic power generation systems.