• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.25-37
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• 2009

유전성 말초신경병은 유전운동감각신경병증, 유전운동신경병증, 유전감각신경병증으로 분류된다. 이들은 세부 아형들로 더 세분화된다. 여기서 우리는 유전성 말초신경병증의 분자적 진단과 치료적 전략에 관한 최근의 발견을 제시하고자 한다. 유전성 말초신경병증의 표현형과 연관된 유전자의 산물은 신경구조유지, 축삭의 수송, 신경신호 변환, 세포보전과 관계된 기능들에 중요하다. 유전성 말초신경병증의 분자적 기초의 수립과 관련 유전자들과 그들의 기능에 관한 연구는 이러한 신경퇴행성 질환들의 병리 생리학적 기전과 말초신경계의 기능 및 정상적 발달에 관련된 일련의 과정을 이해하는데 중요하다. 말초신경병의 병인에대한 이해와 이러한 접근은 미래에 보조적 그리고 치유적 치료들을 개발하는데 있어 유전성 말초신경병증의 환자들의 진단과 관리에 도움이 될 것이다.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2004

시스틴증은 상염색체 열성으로 발생하는 매우 드문 용해소체 축적병으로서, 용해소체 막을 통한 시스틴 운반의 장애로 발생한다. 용해소체 내 시스틴의 축척과 결정화에 의해 전신의 여러 조직에 파괴가 진행되어 성장 장애, Fanconi 증후군, 신부전, 눈의 이상, 내분비 질환 등이 나타난다. 치료제인 cysteamine의 투여가 예후를 향상시킬 수 있으므로 조기 진단과 치료가 중요하다. 저자들은 성장 장애를 주소로 내원한 12세 남아에서 slit-lamp 검사와 혈액 백혈구 시스틴 농도 측정을 통하여 시스틴증을 확진하고 cysteamine 치료를 시행하면서 추적 관찰 중이다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.246-246
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• 2017

Salinity inhibits plant growth and restricts the efficiency of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The selective uptake of nutrients from the soil and their effective transport to host roots make it essential for plant growth and development under salt stress. AMF spore associated bacteria shown to improve mycorrhizal efficiency under stress. Thus, this study aimed to understand the co-inoculation efficiency of AMF and SAB on maize growth and ion homeostasis under salt stress. Two AMF strains and one SAB were inoculated with maize either alone or in combination with one another. The results of our study showed that AMF and SAB co-inoculation significantly improved dry weight and nutrient uptake of maize under salt stress. Co-inoculation significantly reduced proline accumulation in shoots and Na+ accumulation in roots. Co-inoculation treatment also exhibited the high K+/Na+ ratios in roots at 25 mM NaCl. Mycorrhizal colonization showed positive influence for regulation of ZmAKT2, ZmSOS1 and ZmSKOR gene expressions, contributing to K+ and Na+ ion homeostasis. CLSM view showed that SAB were able move and localize into inter and intra cellular spaces of maize roots. In addition, CLSM view of AMF spores showed that gfp-tagged SAB also associated on the spore outer hyaline layer.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.119-129
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• 2012

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been used as starter cultures in the manufacturing processes of fermented dairy products such as cheese and yogurt. LAB have a proteolytic system to use the nitrogen source from milk for their growth. The proteolytic system involved in casein utilization provides cells with essential amino acids during growth in milk and is also of industrial importance, because of its contribution to the development of the organoleptic properties such as flavor of fermented milk products. In the most extensively studied LAB, Lactococcus lactis, the main features of the proteolytic system comprise 3 groups. The first is proteinase, which initially cleaves the milk protein to peptides. The second group consists of transport systems for the internalization of oligopeptides, which are involved in the cellular uptake of small peptides and amino acids. The third group, peptidases in the cell, cleaves peptides into smaller peptides and amino acids. This review is to provide the information about the proteolytic system of LAB.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.423-431
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• 2001

Some recent investigations revealed that vasodilatory action of adenosine is mainly not mediated by surface A2 receptor and suggested the existence of an intracellular action site. In the present study, we tried to differentiate intracellular from extracellular site of adenosine action in the regulation of coronary flow. In perfused rabbit hearts, concentration-response curve of coronary flow to exogenous adenosine was constructed in the presence or absence of dipyridamole, an inhibitor of transmembrane purine transport. Inhibition of cellular adenosine uptake by dipyridamole suppressed the increase of flow rate while enhancing the decrease in heart rate induced by exogenous adenosine. In another series of experiments, perfused rabbit hearts were subjected to energy deprivation in order to increase the production of endogenous adenosine. Energy deprivation along with dipyridamole administration resulted in higher coronary flow rate. Lower perfusate adenosine concentration was observed along with higher tissue adenosine content in this group. These results implied that coronary flow rate is determined not by interstitial adenosine concentration but by intracellular activity of adenosine. To confirm the effects of dypiridamole in vivo, direct measurement of interstitial adenosine concentration by mycrodialysis along with the assay of intracellular adenosine content was performed after intranenous dipyridamole administration. After dipyridamole infusion, intracellular adenosine content was markedly increased while interstitial adenosine concentration was not altered. In another series of experiments, the right shift of concentration-response curve of adenosine-induced vasodilation by 8-phenyltheophilline, a representative adenosine receptor antagonist, was mostly abolished by prior administration of prazosin, indicating that the influence of 8-PT on the adenosine action is not attributed to the inhibition of A2 receptor but related to the suppression of ${\alpha}-adrenoceptor$ activation. From these results, we concluded that adenosine acts intracellularly to regulate the coronary blood flow.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.452-456
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• 2015

Obesity is the fifth leading risk for death globally, and a significant challenge to global health. It is a common, complex, non-malignant disease and develops due to interactions between the genes and the environment. DNA methylation can act as a downstream effector of environmental signals; analysis of this process therefore holds substantial promise for identifying mechanisms through which genetic and environmental factors jointly contribute to disease risk. To assess the effects of excessive weight and obesity on gene-specific methylation levels of promoter regions, we determined the methylation status of four genes involved in inflammation and oxidative stress [interleukin 6 (IL6), tumor necrosis factor ${\alpha}$ ($TNF{\alpha}$), mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), and glucose transport 4 (GLUT4)] in blood cell-derived DNA from healthy women volunteers with a range of body mass indices (BMIs) by methylation-specific PCR. Interestingly, the samples from obese individuals ($BMI{\geq}30kg/m^2$) showed significantly increased hypermethylation for IL6 gene compared to normal weight ($BMI<23kg/m^2$) and overweight sample ($23kg/m^2{\leq}BMI<30kg/m^2$) (P = 0.034 and P = 0.026). However there was no statistically significant difference in promoter methylation of the other 3 genes between each group. These findings suggest that aberrant DNA methylation of IL6 gene promoter may play an important role in the etiology and pathogenesis of obesity and IL6 methylation could be used as molecular biomarker for obesity risk assessment. Further studies are required to elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying this relationship.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제39권10호
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• pp.728-733
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• 2016

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) effectively reduce airway inflammation and regenerate the alveolus in cigarette- and elastase-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) animal models. The effects of stem cells are thought to be paracrine and immune-modulatory because very few stem cells remain in the lung one day after their systemic injection, which has been demonstrated previously. In this report, we analyzed the gene expression profiles to compare mouse lungs with chronic exposure to cigarette smoke with non-exposed lungs. Gene expression profiling was also conducted in a mouse lung tissue with chronic exposure to cigarette smoke following the systemic injection of human cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hCB-MSCs). Globally, 834 genes were differentially expressed after systemic injection of hCB-MSCs. Seven and 21 genes, respectively, were up-and downregulated on days 1, 4, and 14 after HCB-MSC injection. The Hbb and Hba, genes with oxygen transport and antioxidant functions, were increased on days 1 and 14. A serine protease inhibitor was also increased at a similar time point after injection of hCB-MSCs. Gene Ontology analysis indicated that the levels of genes related to immune responses, metabolic processes, and blood vessel development were altered, indicating host responses after hCB-MSC injection. These gene expression changes suggest that MSCs induce a regeneration mechanism against COPD induced by cigarette smoke. These analyses provide basic data for understanding the regeneration mechanisms promoted by hCB-MSCs in cigarette smoke-induced COPD.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.306-311
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• 2000

Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1)의 감염에 따른 세포내 유리 칼슘농도의 변화에 대한 실험을 수행한 결과, HSV-1이 Vero 세포에 감염한 후 4시간째에 세포내 칼슘농도가 최대로 감소한 것을 알았으며 이러한 세포내 유리 칼슘농도의 감소는 감염성 바이러스의 양에 따라 커지며, 유전자 발현 억제제의 처리나 바이러스의 불활성화에 의해 극복되었다. 따라서 바이러스의 유전자발현이 세포내 유리 칼슘농도의 감소에 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 알 수 있다. 또한 Vero 세포에 바이러스를 감염시키고 미세소관 안정제인 taxol을 처리하여 4 시간째의 세포내 유리 칼슘농도의 감소가 극복된다는 사실로부터 바이러스이 유전자 물질의 이동에는 미세소관이 관여한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이와 같은 실험 결과로부터 Vero 세포에서 HSV-1에 의해 유도되는 세포내 유리칼슘 농도의 감소는 HSV-1 증식과 밀접한 관계를 가진다고 생각된다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.41-53
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• 1968

Studies on the carbohydrate metabolism of yeast as influenced by gamma-irradiation from cobalt-60 have been carried, then the mechanisms of radiation effect on respiration and fermentation were discussed under considerations of permeable changes of irradiated cell membrane. The cells of baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) which had been gamma-irradiated of 240 k.r. doses for an hour, then were put into aerobic oxidation and anaerobic fermentation without substrate. Total and fractionated carbohydrates of irradiated yeast cells were determined by calorimetric method with anthrone and orcinol reagents, the amounts of total carbohydrate, trehalose, RNA-ribose, PCA-soluble glycogen, alkali-soluble glycogen, acetic acid-soluble glycogen, mannan and glucan were determined according to the course of aerobic oxidation and anaerobic fermentation. It is found that the carbohydrates of irradiated cells leak out and amount of the losses teaches eleven times more than that of control, the volume of losses are seems to be replaced by water, it can be suggested the damage of gamma-irradiation occurs in the site of passive transport of cell membrane. The endogeneous aerobic respiration of irradiated cells are increased much more than control, the synthesis of reserve glycogen, glucan and RNA-ribose promoted much more than control. The anaerobic fermentation of irradiated cells are also increased than that of control, but the breakdown of carbohydrate is less than endogeneous respiration of irradiated cells. The synthetic rate is also less than that of aerobic oxidation. In irradiated yeast cells, trehalose is revealed to be primary substrate for endogeneous carbohydrate metabolism, so it is proved that the enzymic patterns are not changed but the activities of enzymes relating endogeneous respiration and autofermentation is activated. It is to be considerable to distiguish endogeneous respiration and autofermentation from exogeneous respiration and fermentation on irradiation, for membrane permeability changes and loses out carbohydrate by ionizing radiation.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.38-48
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• 1998

This study was undertaken to determine whether Salviae-radix (SVR) extraction prevents the oxidant-induced cell injury and thereby exerts protective effect against oxidant-induced inhibition of tetraethylammonium uptake (TEA) in renal corticaJ sices. SVR (5%) attenuated $H_2O_2-induced$ inhibition of TEA uptake. $H_2O_2$ increased LDH release and lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. These changes were prevented by SVR extraction. The protective effect of SVR on LDH release was dose-dependent over the concentration range of 0.1-0.5%, and that on lipid peroxidation over the concentration ranges of 0.05-2%. SVR significantly prevented Hg-induced lipid peroxidation. SVR extraction (0.5%) increased cellular GSH content in normal and $H_2O_2-treated$ tissues. When slices were treated with 100 mM $H_2O_2$, catalase activity was decreased, which was prevented by 0.5% SVR extraction. The activity of glutathione peroxidase but not superoxide dismutase was significantly increased by 0.5% SVR extraction in $H_2O_2-treated$ tissuces. These results suggest that SVR has an antioxidant action and thereby exerts benefical effect against oxidant-induced impairment of membrane transport function. This effect of SVR is attributed to an increase in endogenous antioxidants such as GSH, catalase and glutathione peroxidase.