• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.477-490
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• 2014

Non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma, also named cold plasma, is defined as a partly ionized gas. Therefore, it cannot be equated with plasma from blood; it is not biological in nature. Non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma is a new innovative approach in medicine not only for the treatment of wounds, but with a wide-range of other applications, as e.g. topical treatment of other skin diseases with microbial involvement or treatment of cancer diseases. This review emphasizes plasma effects on wound healing. Non-thermal atmospheric-pressure plasma can support wound healing by its antiseptic effects, by stimulation of proliferation and migration of wound relating skin cells, by activation or inhibition of integrin receptors on the cell surface or by its pro-angiogenic effect. We summarize the effects of plasma on eukaryotic cells, especially on keratinocytes in terms of viability, proliferation, DNA, adhesion molecules and angiogenesis together with the role of reactive oxygen species and other components of plasma. The outcome of first clinical trials regarding wound healing is pointed out.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.3.1-3.14
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• 2023

Microvilli are outer membrane organelles that contain cross-linked filamentous actin. Unlike well-characterized epithelial microvilli, T-cell microvilli are dynamic similar to those of filopodia, which grow and shrink intermittently via the alternate actin-assembly and -disassembly. T-cell microvilli are specialized for sensing Ags on the surface of Ag-presenting cells (APCs). Thus, these finger-shaped microprotrusions contain many signaling-related proteins and can serve as a signaling platforms that induce intracellular signals. However, they are not limited to sensing external information but can provide sites for parts of the cell-body to tear away from the cell. Cells are known to produce many types of extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes, microvesicles, and membrane particles. T cells also produce EVs, but little is known about under what conditions T cells generate EVs and which types of EVs are released. We discovered that T cells produce few exosomes but release large amounsts of microvilli-derived particles during physical interaction with APCs. Although much is unanswered as to why T cells use the same organelles to sense Ags or to produce EVs, these events can significantly affect T cell fate, including clonal expansion and death. Since TCRs are localized at microvilli tips, this membrane event also raises a new question regarding long-standing paradigm in T cell biology; i.e., surface TCR downmodulation following T cell activation. Since T-cell microvilli particles carry T-cell message to their cognate partner, these particles are termed T-cell immunological synaptosomes (TISs). We discuss the potential physiological role of TISs and their application to immunotherapies.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.2539-2542
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• 2007

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.175-181
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• 2019

A failed spent fuel rod with 53,000 MWd/tU from a nuclear power plant was characterized, and the fission products and oxygen layer in the pellet-clad mechanical interaction region were observed using an EPMA (Electron Probe Micro-Analyzer). A sound fuel rod burned under similar conditions was used to compare and analyze, the results of the failed fuel rod. In the failed fuel rod, the oxide layer represented $10{\mu}m$ of the boundary of the cladding, and $35{\mu}m$ of the region outside the cladding. By comparison, in the sound fuel rod, the oxide layer was $8{\mu}m$, observed in the cladding boundary region. The cladding inner surface corrosion and the resulting fuel-cladding bonding were investigated using an EPMA. Zirconium existed in the bonding layer of the (U, Zr)O compound beyond the pellet cladding interaction gap of $20{\mu}m$, and composition of UZr2O3 was observed in the failed fuel rod. This paper presents the results of the EPMA examination of a spent fuel specimen, and a technique to analyze fission products in the pellet-clad mechanical interaction region.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.129-142
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• 2002

Epithelial-mesenchymal interaction plays a important role in cell growth and differentiation. This interaction is already well known to have an importance during the organ development as well as cell growth and differentiation. However, in vitro experimental model is not well developed to reproduce in vivo cellular microenvironment which provide a epithelial-mesenchymal interaction. Because conventional monolayer culture lacks epithelial-mensenchymal interaction, cultivated cells have an morphologic, biochemical, and functional characteristics differ from in vivo tissue. Moreover, it's condition is not able to induce cellular differention due to submerged culture condition. Therefore, the aims of this study were to develop and evaualte the in vitro experimental model that maintains epithelial-mesenchymal interaction by organotypic raft culture, and to characterize biologic properties of three-dimensionally reconstituted oral keratinocytes by histological and immunohistochemical analysis. The results were as follow; 1. Gingival keratinocytes reconstituted by three-dimensional organotypic culture revealed similar morphologic characteristics to biopsied patient specimen showing stratification, hyperkeratinosis, matutation of epithelial architecture. 2. Connective tissue structure was matured, and there is no difference during stratification period of epithelial 3-dimensional culture. 3. The longer of air-exposure culture on three-dimensionally reconstituted cells, the more epithelial maturation, increased epithelial thickness and surface keratinization 4. In reconstitued mucosa, the whole epidermis was positively stained by anti-involucrin antibody, and there is no difference according to air-exposured culture period. 5. The Hsp was expressed in the epithelial layer of three-dimensionally cultured cells, especially basal layer of epidermis. The change of Hsp expression was not significant by culture stratification. 6. Connexin 43, marker of cell-cell communication was revealed mild immunodeposition in reconstitued epithelium, and there is no significant expression change during stratification. These results suggest that three-dimensional oragnotypic co-culture of normal gingival keratinocytes with dermal equivalent consisting type I collagen and gingival fibroblasts results in similar morphologic and immunohistochemical characteristics to in vivo patient specimens. And this culture system seems to provide adequate micro-environment for in vitro tissue reconstitution. Therefore, further study will be focused to study of in vitro gingivitis model, development of novel perioodntal disease therapeutics and epithelial-mensenchymal interaction.

• 폴리머
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.869-876
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• 2000

소수성 표면성질을 나타내고 있는 poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) (75 : 25 by mole ratio of lactide to glycolide, PLGA) 표면의 세포적합성을 증가시키기 위하여 물리화학적 처리방법으로 표면개질 하였다. 물리적 방법으로는 코로나 방전 및 플라즈마 처리가, 화학적인 방법으로는 70% 염소산, 50% 황산 및 0.5 N 가성소다 수용액으로 처리하였다. 처리된 PLGA 표면의 물접촉각은 73$^{\circ}$에서 50~60$^{\circ}$로 감소하였고 electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis의 분석결과, 알킬탄소는 감소되는 반면, 산소를 포함하는 탄소 관능기들이 상대적으로 증가함을 보여 친수화의 주원인으로 사료되었다. 섬유아세포의 배양 결과 control에 비하여 처리된 PLGA상에 점착 및 성장거동이 우월하게 관측되어 본 처리 방법이 세포적합성을 증가시켰다고 사료된다. 결론적으로 PLGA 표면의 적심성에 있어서 친수화는 세포의 점착 및 성장에 중요한 역할을 하늘 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2006

대기-해양의 상호작용과 제주도 후면에서 발생하는 카르만소용돌이행렬의 상관관계를 수치실험을 통하여 분석하였다. 카르만 소용돌이는 한라산의 제한된 높이에서 형성되는 경향을 가지고 있다. 그리고 본 연구에서는 900 hPa고도에서 카르만 소용돌이가 뚜렷이 생성되었다. 카르만소용돌이행렬의 발생초기에는 하나의 소용돌이세포가 나타나고 시간이 경과함에 따라 소용돌이는 이류를 한다. 이때 작은 소용돌이로 분리되는 경향이 있다. 분리된 소용돌이의 강도와 지속시간은 해수면 온도 분포와 밀접한 관계를 가진다. 즉 약한 해수면의 온도경도는 카르만 소용돌이의 지속 시간을 길게 하며, 산 후면의 소용돌이도를 감소시킨다. 강한 해수면 온도경도는 혼합층과 대기하층 수증기량을 증가시키고, 강화된 하층대기 혼합은 산악에 의하여 형성되는 기계적 응력을 감소시키는 경향이 있다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.140-148
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• 2000

Objectives : This experiment was conducted to investigate the suppressive effects of Dangguijakyak-san and Wuelbigachul-tang on the expression of ICAM-l and ${\beta}1-integrin$, which mediate cell-cell or cell-matrix interaction, and on the proliferation of mesangial cells. Methods : After in vitro culturing of human mesangial cells with the supernatant which was obtained from the monocytes separated from human blood with Con-A, hydrocortisone, Dangguijakyak-san and Wuelbigachul-tang respectively, we evaluated suppressive effects by measuring the mesangial cell surface enzyme immunoassay or flow cytometry. Results : The results are summarized as follows: 1. Dangguijakyak-san and Wuelbigachul-tang induced marked suppressive effects on the mesangial cell proliferation in the 50% and 25% supernatant concentration stimulating experiments, but hydrocortisone had little effect in these experiments. 2. Dangguijakyak-san and Wuelbigachul-tang induced marked suppressive effects on ICAM-l and ${\beta}1-integrin$ expression, but were less effective than hydrocortisone was. Conclusions : Based on these results, Dangguijakyak-san and Wuelbigachul-tang were found to be effective in the suppression of mesangial cell proliferation and in ICAM-1 and ${\beta}1-integrin$ expression. Further in vitro investigations as conducted above, with the in vivo experiments reflected, may prove that Dangguijakyak-san and Wuelbigachul-tang contribute to the prevention of the glomerular disease.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.922-927
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• 2001

In an effort to regulate the mammalian cell behavior in entrapment with a gel, we have functionalized hydrogels with the putative cell-binding (-Arg-Gly-Asp-)(RGD) domain. An adhesion molecule of Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser (GRGDS) peptides, a cell recognition ligand, was induced into thermo-reversible hydrogels, composed of N-isopropylacrylamide with small amounts of acrylic acid (typically 2-5 $mol\%$ in feed), as a biomimetic extracellular matrix (ECM). The GRGDS containing a p(NiPAAm-co-AAc) copolymer gel was studied in vitro for its ability to promote the spreading and viability of cells by introducing a GRGDS sequence. Hydrogel with no adhesion molecule was a poor ECM for adhesion, permiting spreading of only $3\%$ of the seeded cells for 36h. By immobilizing the peptide linkage into the hydrogel, the conjugation of RGD promoted $50\%$ of proliferation for 36h. However, the GREDS sequence, nonadhesive peptide linkage, conjugated hydrogel showed only $5\%$ of the seeded cell for the same time period. In addition, with the serum-free medium, only GRGDS peptides conjugated to hydrogel was able to promotecell spreading, while there was no cell proliferation in the hydrogel without GRGDS. Thus, the GRGDS peptide-conjugated thermo-reversible hydrogel specifically mediated the cell spreading. This result suggests that utilization of peptide sequences conjugating with the cell-adhesive motifs can enhance the degree of cell surface interaction and influence the long-term formation of ECM in vitro.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.1013-1017
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• 2008

Syndecan-3 is a cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan, which performs a variety of functions during cell adhension process. It is also a coreceptor for growth factor, mediating cell-cell and cell-matrix interaction. Syndecan-3 contains a cytoplasmic domain potentially associated with the cytoskeleton. Syndecan-3 is specifically expressed in neuron cell and has related to neuron cell differentiation and development of actin filament in cell migration. Syndecans each have a unique, central, and variable (V) region in their cytoplasmic domains. And that region of syndecan-3 may modulate the interactions of the conserved C1 regions of the cytoplasmic domains by tyrosine phosphorylation. Cytoplasmic domain of syndecan-3 has been synthesized for NMR structural studies. The solution structure of syndecan-3 cytoplasmic domain has been determined by two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy and simulated-annealing calculation. The cytoplasmic domain of the syndecan proteins has a tendency to form a dimmer conformation with a central cavity, however, that of syndecan-3 demonstrated a monomer conformation with a flexible region near C-terminus. The structural information might add knowledge about the structure-function relationships among syndecan proteins.