• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.349-355
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• 2008

곰의말채의 항암 및 면역활성을 탐색하고자 수피, 목부, 잎의 부위별 메탄올 추출물을 이용하여 연구를 수행하였다. 인간 정상 신장세포를 이용한 세포독성 실험에서 모든 추출물이 1.0mg/ml 농도의 첨가를 통해 대략 25% 이하의 세포독성을 나타내었다. 폐암세포인 A549와 유방암세포인 MCF-7을 이용한 항암실험에서 수피 추출물이 1.0mg/ml 농도의 첨가를 통해 각각 57.4%와 58.7%의 생육저해 활성을 보였다. 모든 추출 시료가 면역세포인 B세포와 T세포의 생육을 촉진하였는데, 특히 수피 추출물 첨가를 통해 B세포와 T세포의 생육이 5일째 대조군과 비교하여 각각 38.7%와 58.7%까지 증진되었다. 면역세포 분비물인 IL-6와 TNF-$\alpha$의 분비량 측정에서도 수피 추출물 첨가군이 $1.28{\times}10^{?4}\;pg/cell$, $1.38{\times}10^{?4}\;pg/cell$를 나타내며, 각각 $0.86{\times}10^{?4}\;pg/cell$, $0.70{\times}10^{?4}$을 나타낸 대조군에 비하여 유의적인 증가를 나타내었다. 또한 면역세포 분비물 첨가를 통한 NK-92MI세포 생육 증진에도 효과를 나타내는 것을 확인하였다. 이로써 곰의말채 추출 성분이 항암 및 면역활성에 유용한 성분을 함유하고 있으며, 특히 수피 추출물이 유의적으로 높은 활성을 나타내는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.401-406
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• 2000

가공식품의 개발에 있어서 식품의 맛과 더불어 저장성, 열안정성 및 색조유지는 소비자의 기호도에 중요한 영향을 미친다. B.subtilis EK11 유래의 PPase는 식물조직 중엽부의 주성분인 불용성 protopectin을 분해하여 단세포화하는 효소이다. PPase를 참다래에 작용시켜 참다래 고유의 세포 속에 함유되어 있는 세포내 성분들의 파손 없이 단세포를 유리하였다. 참다래 조직으로부터 제조된 단세포화물의 착즙 후 관찰된 회수율과 잔사율은 각각 82%와 18%로써, 기계적 마쇄물에서의 60%와 40%에 비하여 높은 회수율과 낮은 잔사율을 나타내었다. 총당, 환원단, sucrose, 조단백질, 조지방 및 조섬유에 대해 함량 변화는 큰 차이가 없었으며, 이는 단세포 처리에 의하여 이들 성분이 안전하게 유지됨을 알 수 있었다. PPase로 처리시 가장 불안정한 비타민 C가 1일 경과 후에도 95% 이상이 보존되는 것으로 보아 단세포에 의한 일반적인 구성성분이 안정하게 유지 보호됨을 알 수 있다. PPase로 처리된 참다래 단세포물을 $4^{\circ}C$에서 6일간 저장하며 색조를 관찰한 결과, 기계적 마쇄물에서는 변색이 일어났으나 단세포화물에서는 뚜렷한 색조의 차이가 없었다. 또한 PPase로 처리한 참다래 단세포물을 $100^{\circ}C$에서 60분간 열처리한 후 관찰한 결과, 기계적 마쇄물에서는 짧은 처리에도 극심한 변화를 보였으나 단세포화물에서는 변화가 보이지 않아 높은 열안정성을 나타내었다. 따라서 PPase는 참다래의 단세포화물에 응용 가능하여 참다래 음료제조 및 원료 보존에 유용하게 이용할 수 있을 것으로 여겨 진다. 또한 PPase을 이용한 참다래의 효율성 제고와 고부가가치의 기능성 식품제조에 이용될 수 있음을 의미한다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 C
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• pp.1066-1068
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• 1999

Magnetic field is commonly used in low temperature processing plasmas in order to obtain high density. E $\times$ B magnetron or surface multipole configuration were most popular. However, the properties of capacitively coupled rf plasma confined by axially applied static magnetic fields have rarely been studied. In this paper, the effects of magnetic field on the characteristics of 13.56MHz/40KHz argon plasma will be reported. Ion saturation current, electron temperature and plasma potential were measured by Langmuir probe and omissive probe. At low pressure region ($\sim$10mTorr), ion current was increased by a factor of 3 - 4 due to reduction of diffusion loss of charged particles to the wall. It was observed that magnetic field induces large time variation of the plasma potential. The experimental result was compared with particle-in-cell simulation. It was also observed that electron temperature tend to decrease with increasing magnetic induction level for 40KHz discharge.

• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.70-76
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• 2005

Seed, stem and sprout of F. tataricum were separately milled using the ultra fine mill under the same condition to investigate the effect of roasting or extruding on the particle size, microstructure and water solubility of dietary fiber. The mean particle size of MR (roasting) is increased in stem and sprout, and that of ME (extruding) is increased in seed, compared to that of control. The microscopic views of seed show that control has the spherical shape but ME the larger and irregular shape, and those of stem and sprout show that control has the needle like shape but ME more rounded shape. Water solubility index of ME is much higher than that of control or MR in seed, stem and sprout. It shows that seed, stem and sprout are damaged more in extruding than in roasting, and the starch and cell wall structure must be destroyed to change the water insoluble dietary fiber into the water soluble dietary fiber.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.404-411
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• 2011

The humidity controlling ceramic materials was developed by applying the phenomena of dew condensation in the capillary. It is said that the humidity range which human feels comfortable is from 40 to 70% in relative humidity. In this study, the ceramic tile using natural soils such as diatomite for interior wall was investigated. In particular, we had introduced novel processing routes for fabricating microcellular ceramics tile using hollow microsphere as a pore former. The microcellular pores in the humidity controlling ceramic materials showed the superior properties such as light-weight, heat insulation. The cell density was ${\sim}1.0{\times}10^9$ cells/$cm^3$ and density of sample was 0.65 g/$cm^3$ in the case of 1.71 wt% hollow microsphere content. Also, it is observed that the BET surface area and the pore volume of the sintered diatomite tile have the values of 40.92 $m^2$/g and 0.173 $cm^3$/g.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.81.2-82
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• 2003

Plants have evolved along with pathogens, and they have developed sophisticated defense systems against specific microorganisms to survive. G-protons are considered one of the upstream signaling components working as a key for the defense signal transduction pathway. For activation and inactivation of G-protein, GTP-biding proteins are involved. GTP -binding proteins are found in all organisms. Small GTP-binding proteins, having masses of 21 to 30kD, belong to a superfamily, often named the Ras supefamily because the founding members are encoded by human Ras genes initially discovered as cellular homologs of the viral ras oncogene. Members of this supefamily share several common structural features, including several guanine nucleotide binding domains and an effector binding domain. However, exhibiting a remarkable diversity in both structure and function. They are important molecular switches that cycle between the GDP-bound inactive form into the GTP-bound active form through GDP/GTP replacement. In addition, most GTP-binding proteins cycle between membrane-bound and cytosolic forms. such as the RAC family are cytosolic signal transduction proteins that often are involved in processing of extracellular stimuli. Plant RAC proteins are implicated in regulation of plant cell architecture secondary wall formation, meristem signaling, and defense against pathogens. But their molecular mechanisms and functions are not well known. We isolated a RacB homolog from rice to study its role of defense against pathogens. We introduced the constitutively active and the dominant negative forms of the GTP-hinging protein OsRacB into the wild type rice. The dominant negative foms are using two forms (full-sequence and specific RNA interference with RacB). Employing southern, and protein analysis, we examine to different things between the wild type and the transformed plant. And analyzing biolistic bombardment of onion epidermal cell with GFP-RacB fusion protein revealed association with the nucle.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.112-118
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 축 방향으로 자화된 용량결합형 13.65 MHz/40 KHz RF 방전에서 Langmuir Probe, Emissive Probe를 통해 이온 전류 밀도, 전자 온도, 플라즈마 전위의 자장 의존성 및 자기 바이어스 전위를 조사하였다. 자장을 인가함으로서 실험변수 범위 내에서 최대 3배의 이온 전류밀도증가를 얻었고 점화가능한 기체 압력의 최저값을 줄일 수 있었다. 플라즈마가 자화된 경우 공간 전위는 평균적으로 감소하였고 RF 전압의 한주기 동안 시 변동폭이 크게 증가하였다. 플라즈마 전위의 자장 의존성은 Particle-in-Cell Simulation을 수행하여 실험 결과와 비교하였다. 대표적 실험 조건에서 전자 온도는 자장에 따라 약 4 eV에서 5 eV로 약간 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 방전 주파수를 40 KHz로 줄인 경우 1.8 eV에서 0.8 eV로 감소하였다. 실험 장치의 응용 예로서 플루오로 카본 가스에 의한 식각실험이 수행되었다. 자화 플라즈마의 산화막 식각속도 증가를 확인함으로서 축방향 자장이 실제 공정에 긍정정인 영향을 미침을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.809-814
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• 2003

${\beta}-amyloid$ ($A{\beta}$) peptides from the proteolytic processing of ${\beta}-amyloid$ precursor protein (${\beta}-APP$) aggregates in the brain to form senile plaques, and their aggregation plays a key role in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). To isolate an active compound that has an $A{\beta}$ aggregation-inhibitory activity, 2,000 microbial metabolite libraries were screened based on their ability to inhibit $A{\beta}$ aggregation by using both Congo red and thioflavin T assays. As a result, a water-soluble fraction of a soil microorganism, KK565, showed a potent $A{\beta}$ aggregation-inhibitory activity. The strain was identified as Streptomyces species, based on the cultural and morphological characteristics, the presence of diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall, and the sugar patterns for the whole-cell extract. In addition, the purification of active principle resulted in identifying a heat-unstable protein responsible for the $A{\beta}$ aggregation-inhibitory activity.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.430-436
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• 2011

Joining of NiO-YSZ to 316 stainless steel was carried out with B-Ni2 brazing alloy (3 wt% Fe, 4.5 wt% Si, 3.2 wt% B, 7 wt% Cr, Ni-balance, m.p. 971-$999^{\circ}C$) to seal the NiO-YSZ anode/316 stainless steel interconnect structure in a SOFC. In the present research, interfacial (chemical) reactions during brazing at the NiO-YSZ/316 stainless steel interconnect were enhanced by the two processing methods, a) addition of an electroless nickel plate to NiO-YSZ as a coating or b) deposition of titanium layer onto NiO-YSZ by magnetron plasma sputtering method, with process variables and procedures optimized during the pre-processing. Brazing was performed in a cold-wall vacuum furnace at $1080^{\circ}C$. Post-brazing interfacial morphologies between NiO-YSZ and 316 stainless steel were examined by SEM and EDS methods. The results indicate that B-Ni2 brazing filler alloy was fused fully during brazing and continuous interfacial layer formation depended on the method of pre-coating NiO-YSZ. The inter-diffusion of elements was promoted by titanium-deposition: the diffusion reaction thickness of the interfacial area was reduced to less than 5 ${\mu}m$ compared to 100 ${\mu}m$ for electroless nickel-deposited NiO-YSZ cermet.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.208-213
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• 2007

The objective of the experiment was to determine the optimum cultural [moisture levels (55, 60 and 70%), days of fermentation (7, 14 and 21), temperature (25 and $35^{\circ}C$) of incubation)] and nutritional parameters (urea addition (0 and 2%) and variable levels of single super phosphate (0.25 and 0.50% SSP)) for bio-processing of the mustard (Brassica campestris) straw (MS) under solid-state fermentation (SSF) system. The performance of SSF was assessed in terms of favorable changes in cell wall constituents, protein content and in vitro DM digestibility of the MS. Sorghum based inoculum (seed culture) of Ganoderma lucidum to treat the MS was prepared. The 50 g DM of MS taken in autoclavable polypropylene bags was mixed with a pre-calculated amount of water and the particular nutrient in the straw to attained the desired levels of water and nutrient concentration in the substrate. A significant progressive increase in biodegradation of DM (p<0.001), NDF (p<0.01) and ADF (p<0.05) was observed with increasing levels of moisture. Among the cell wall constituents the loss of ADF fraction was greatest compared to that of NDF. The loss of DM increased progressively as the fermentation proceeded and maximum DM losses occurred at 28 days after incubation. The protein content of the treated MS samples increased linearly up to the day $21^{th}$ of the incubation and thereafter declined at day $28^{th}$, whereas the improvement in in vitro DM digestibility were apparent only up to the day $14^{th}$ of the incubation under SSF and there after it declined. The acid detergent lignin (ADL) degradation was slower during the first 7 days of SSF and thereafter increased progressively and maximum ADL losses were observed at the day $28^{th}$ of the SSF. The biodegradation of DM and ADL was not affected by the variation in incubation temperature. Addition of urea was found to have inhibitory effect on fungal growth. The effect of both the levels (0.25 and 0.50) of SSP addition in the substrate, on DM, NDF, ADF, cellulose and ADL biodegradation was similar. Similarly, the protein content and the in vitro DM digestibility remain unaffected affected due to variable levels of the SSP inclusion in the substrate. From the results it may be concluded that the incubation of MS with 60 percent moisture for 21 days at $35^{\circ}C$ with 0.25 percent SSP was most suitable for MS treatment with Ganoderma lucidum. Maximum delignification, enrichment in the protein content and improvement in in vitro DM digestibility were achieved by adopting this protocol of bioprocessing of MS.