• 제목/요약/키워드: Cell Apoptosis, Cell Proliferation

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Role of the Mdm2 SNIP 309 Polymorphism in Gastric Mucosal Morphologic Patterns of Patients with Helicobacter pylori Associated Gastritis

  • Tongtawee, Taweesak;Dechsukhum, Chavaboon;Leeanansaksiri, Wilairat;Kaewpitoon, Soraya;Kaewpitoon, Natthawut;Loyd, Ryan A;Matrakool, Likit;Panpimanmas, Sukij
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.1057-1060
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    • 2016
  • Background: The tumor suppressor p53 is as a regulator of cell proliferation, apoptosis and many other biological processes as well as external and internal stress responses. Mdm2 SNIP309 is a negative regulator of 53. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the role of the Mdm2 SNIP 309 polymorphism in the gastric mucosal morphological patterns in patients with Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out from November 2014 through November 2015. Biopsy specimens were obtained from patients and infection was proven by positive histology. Gastric mucosa specimens were sent to the Molecular Genetics Unit, Institute of Medicine, Suranaree University of Technology where they were tested by molecular methods to detect the patterns of Mdm2 SNIP 309 polymorphism using the real-time PCR hybridization probe method. The results were analyzed and correlated with gastric mucosal morphological patterns by using C-NBI endoscopy. Results: A total of 300 infected patients were enrolled and gastric mucosa specimens were collected. In this study the percentage of Mdm2 SNIP 309 T/T homozygous and Mdm2 SNIP309 G/T heterozygous was 78% and 19 % respectively whereas Mdm2 SNIP309 G/G homozygous was 3%. Mdm2 SNIP 309 T/T homozygous and Mdm2 SNIP309 G/T heterozygosity correlated with type 1 to type 3 gastric mucosal morphological patterns (P<0.01) whereas Mdm2 SNIP309 G/G homozygous correlated with type 4 and type 5 (P<0.01). Conclusions: Our study finds the frequency of Mdm2 SNIP309 G/G in a Thai population is very low, and suggests that this can explain ae Thailand enigma. Types 1 to type 3 are the most common gastric mucosal morphological patterns according to the unique genetic polymorphism of MDM2 SNIP 309 in the Thai population.

Correlation between Patterns of Mdm2 SNIP 309 and Histopathological Severity of Helicobacter pylori Associated Gastritis in Thailand

  • Tongtawee, Taweesak;Dechsukhum, Chavaboon;Talabnin, Krajang;Leeanansaksiri, Wilairat;Kaewpitoon, Soraya;Kaewpitoon, Natthawut;Loyd, Ryan A;Matrakool, Likit;Panpimanmas, Sukij
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제16권17호
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    • pp.7781-7784
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    • 2015
  • Background: The commonly held view of the tumor suppressor p53 is as a regulator of cell proliferation, apoptosis and many other biological processes as well as external and internal stress responses. Mdm2 SNIP309 is a negative regulator of p 53. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the correlation between the patterns of Mdm2 SNIP 309 and the inflammation grading of Helicobacter pylori associated gastritis in a Thai population. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from November 2014 through June 2015. Biopsy specimens were obtained from infected patients and infection was proved by positive histology. The gastric mucosa specimens were sent to the Molecular Genetic Unit, Institute of Medicine, Suranaree University of Technology where they were tested by molecular methods to detect the patterns of Mdm2 SNIP 309 using the real-time PCR hybridization probe method. The results were analyzed and compared with the Updated Sydney classification. Results: A total of 100 infected patients were interviewed and gastric mucosa specimens were collected. In this study the percentage of Mdm2 SNIP 309 T/T homozygous and Mdm2 SNIP309 G/T heterozygous was 78% and 19 % respectively whereas Mdm2 SNIP309 G/G homozygous was 3%. Mdm2 SNIP 309 T/T homozygous and Mdm2 SNIP309 G/T heterozygous correlated with mild to moderate inflammation (P<0.01) whereas Mdm2 SNIP309 G/G homozygous correlated with severe inflammation (P<0.01). Conclusions: Our study found the frequency of Mdm2 SNP309 G/G in our Thai population to be very low, and suggests that this can explain to some extent the low incidence of severe inflammation and gastric cancer changes in the Thai population. Mild to moderate inflammation are the most common pathologic gradings due to the unique genetic polymorphism of Mdm2 SNIP 309 in the Thai population.

Tumor-Derived Transforming Growth Factor-β is Critical for Tumor Progression and Evasion from Immune Surveillance

  • Li, Zheng;Zhang, Li-Juan;Zhang, Hong-Ru;Tian, Gao-Fei;Tian, Jun;Mao, Xiao-Li;Jia, Zheng-Hu;Meng, Zi-Yu;Zhao, Li-Qing;Yin, Zhi-Nan;Wu, Zhen-Zhou
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제15권13호
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    • pp.5181-5186
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    • 2014
  • Tumors have evolved numerous mechanisms by which they can escape from immune surveillance. One of these is to produce immunosuppressive cytokines. Transforming growth factor-${\beta}$(TGF-${\beta}$) is a pleiotropic cytokine with a crucial function in mediating immune suppression, especially in the tumor microenvironment. TGF-${\beta}$ produced by T cells has been demonstrated as an important factor for suppressing antitumor immune responses, but the role of tumor-derived TGF-${\beta}$ in this process is poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that knockdown of tumor-derived TGF-${\beta}$ using shRNA resulted in dramatically reduced tumor size, slowing tumor formation, prolonging survival rate of tumor-bearing mice and inhibiting metastasis. We revealed possible underlying mechanisms as reducing the number of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and $CD4^+Foxp3^+$ Treg cells, and consequently enhanced IFN-${\gamma}$ production by CTLs. Knockdown of tumor-derived TGF-${\beta}$ also significantly reduced the conversion of na$\ddot{i}$ve $CD4^+$ T cells into Treg cells in vitro. Finally, we found that knockdown of TGF-${\beta}$ suppressed cell migration, but did not change the proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells in vitro. In summary, our study provided evidence that tumor-derived TGF-${\beta}$ is a critical factor for tumor progression and evasion of immune surveillance, and blocking tumor-derived TGF-${\beta}$ may serve as a potential therapeutic approach for cancer.

Evaluation of Insulin Like Growth Facror-1 Genetic Polymorphism with Gastric Cancer Susceptibility and Clinicopathological Features

  • Farahani, Roya Kishani;Azimzadeh, Pedram;Rostami, Elham;Malekpour, Habib;Aghdae, Hamid Asadzadeh;Pourhoseingholi, Mohamad Amin;Mojarad, Ehsan Nazemalhosseini;Zali, Mohammad Reza
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제16권10호
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    • pp.4215-4218
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    • 2015
  • Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world. It is the first cause of cancer deaths in both sexes In Iranian population. Circulating insulin-like growth factor-one (IGF-1) levels have been associated for gastric cancer. IGF-1 protein has central roles involved in the regulation of epithelial cell growth, proliferation, transformation, apoptosis and metastasis. Single nucleotide polymorphism in IGF-1 regulatory elements may lead to alter in IGF-1expression level and GC susceptibility. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of IGF-1 gene polymorphism (rs5742612) on risk of GC and clinicopathological features for the first time in Iranian population. In total, 241 subjects including 100 patients with GC and 141 healthy controls were recruited in our study. Genotypes were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay with DNA from peripheral blood. The polymorphism was statistically analyzed to investigate the relationship with the risk of GC and clinicopathological properties. Logistic regression analysis revealed that there was no significant association between rs5742612 and the risk of GC. In addition, no significant association between genotypes and clinicopathological features was observed (p value>0.05). The frequencies of the CC, CT, and TT genotypes were 97%, 3%, and 0%, respectively, among the cases, and 97.9%, 2.1%, and 0%, respectively, among the controls. CC genotype was more frequent in cases and controls. The frequencies of C and T alleles were 98.9% and 1.1% in controls and 98.5% and 1.5% in patient respectively. Our results provide the first evidence that this variant is rare in Iranian population and it may not be a powerful genetic predisposing biomarker for prediction GC clinicopathological features in an Iranian population.

Effects of the Hippo Signaling Pathway in Human Gastric Cancer

  • Zhou, Guang-Xi;Li, Xiao-Yu;Zhang, Qi;Zhao, Kun;Zhang, Cui-Ping;Xue, Chang-Hu;Yang, Kun;Tian, Zi-Bin
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제14권9호
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    • pp.5199-5205
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    • 2013
  • Background/Aim: The Hippo signaling pathway is a newly discovered and conserved signaling cascade, which regulates organ size control by governing cell proliferation and apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate its effects in human gastric cancer. Methods: Tumor tissues (n=60), adjacent non-tumor tissues (n=60) and normal tissues (n=60) were obtained from the same patients with primary gastric cancer (GC). In addition, 70 samples of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) tissues were obtained from patients with intestinal metaplasia (IM) by endoscopic biopsy. Hippo signaling molecules, including Mst1, Lats1, YAP1, TAZ, TEAD1, Oct4 and CDX2, were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Protein expression of Mst1, Lats1, YAP1, TEAD1 and CDX2 was assessed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Results: Mst1, Lats1 and Oct4 mRNA expression showed an increasing tendency from GC tissues to normal gastric tissues, while the mRNA expression of YAP1, TAZ and TEAD1 was up-regulated (all P<0.01). Mst1 and Lats1 protein expression presented a similar trend with their mRNA expression. In addition, YAP1 and TEAD1 protein expression in GC was significantly higher than in the other groups (all P<0.01). CDX2 mRNA and protein expression in the CAG group were higher than in the other groups (all P<0.01). In GC, mRNA expression of Mst1, Lats1, Oct4, YAP1, TAZ, TEAD1 and CDX2 had a close correlation with lymphatic metastasis and tumor TNM stage (all P<0.01). Furthermore, protein expression of Mst1, Lats1, YAP1, TAZ, TEAD1 and CDX2 had a close correlation between each other (P<0.05). Conclusion: The Hippo signaling pathway is involved in the development, progression and metastasis of human gastric cancer. Therefore, manipulation of Hippo signaling molecules may be a potential therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer.

A novel human KRAB-related zinc finger gene ZNF425 inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway

  • Wang, Yuequn;Ye, Xiangli;Zhou, Junmei;Wan, Yongqi;Xie, Huaping;Deng, Yun;Yan, Yan;Li, Yongqing;Fan, Xiongwei;Yuan, Wuzhou;Mo, Xiaoyang;Wu, Xiushan
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제44권1호
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    • pp.58-63
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    • 2011
  • Zinc finger (ZNF) proteins play a critical role in cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis, and intracellular signal transduction. In this paper, we cloned and characterized a novel human KRAB-related zinc finger gene, ZNF425, which encodes a protein of 752 amino acids. ZNF425 is strongly expressed in the three month old human embryos and then is almost undetectable in six month old embryos and in adult tissues. An EGFP-ZNF425 fusion protein can be found in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. ZNF425 appears to act as a transcription repressor. Over-expression of ZNF425 inhibits the transcriptional activities of SRE, AP-1, and SRF. Deletion analysis indicates that the C2H2 domain is the main region responsible for the repression. Our results suggest that the ZNF425 gene is a new transcriptional inhibitor that functions in the MAPK signaling pathway.

암종양유전자 SETDB1과 FosB 발현에 대한 p53의 음성 조절기작 (Negative Regulation of Tumor Suppressor p53 at the Promoter Regions of Oncogenic SETDB1 and FosB Genes)

  • 윤현지;나한흠;김근철
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제30권12호
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    • pp.1070-1077
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    • 2020
  • 암세포에 항암제를 처리하게 되면, 세포증식, 이동성 또는 약물 내성과 관련된 많은 유전자들의 발현 변화가 발생하며, 유전자 발현 변화는 상호간의 조절 네트워크에 의해 밀접하게 연결될 수도 있다고 추측된다. 본 연구에서 p53 유전자 유무가 다른 A549와 H1299 인간 폐암세포에 독소루비신을 처리하면, 원종양유전자인 FosB의 발현은 증가하지만, 원종양유전자인 SETDB1의 발현은 감소하지만, 단백질 발현의 양적인 차이가 발생한다는 사실을 알 수 있었다. TF motif binding 분석 프로그램을 이용하여 SETDB1과 FosB 프로모터지역에서의 p53단백질의 결합가능성을 분석한 결과, SETDB1의 경우 18부위, FosB의 경우 21 부위의 p53 결합부위를 예측할 수 있었다. SETDB1과 FosB 프로모터의 subcloning하여 luciferase 분석을 수행한 결과, p53은 SETDB1과 FosB을 음성적으로 조절한다는 사실을 알 수 있었다. 또한, H1299 세포에 p53의 과발현은 SETDB1 과 FosB의 발현을 감소시킬 수 있음을 RT-PCR, western blot, qPCR, 면역염색 실험을 통해 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 종합하여 본다면, p53에 의한 SETDB1과 FosB 유전자 발현 조절은 항암제 처리과정에서 나타나는 암세포의 사멸과 생존에 대한 기능적 조절 네트워크로 사료된다.

피지세포에서 Akt/AMPK-SREBP-1 경로를 통한 CBD의 피지 합성 억제 효능 (Cannabidiol Inhibits Lipogenesis by Regulating Akt/AMPK-SREBP-1 Pathway in Sebocytes)

  • 권윤경;윤지영;이한온;김동효;이준효;다니앤 앰 티부토;서대헌;박병준
    • 생명과학회지
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.343-348
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    • 2023
  • 여드름은 가장 흔한 피부 질환 중 하나로 청소년기에 주로 발생한다. 호르몬, 유전, 환경적 요인이 알려져 있으며, 이 외에도 피부 과각화 및 C. acnes의 과증식 등이 여드름 발병에 중요한 역할을 한다. CBD는 통증과 스트레스 완화 및 항염증 특성을 갖는 것으로 알려져 있다. 뿐만 아니라, CBD가 함유된 대마 추출물이 여드름 완화 및 치료에 효과적인 소재로 보고되었다. 그러나 이에 대한 연구는 부족한 실정으로, 본 연구를 통하여 피지세포에서 CBD의 항여드름 활성을 확인하고자 하였다. 본 연구진은 세포에 CBD를 처리하여 지질 합성과 증식에 대한 억제 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 그런 다음 CBD가 SREBP-1를 통해 지방 생성에 대한 억제 효과를 가지는 것을 입증했다. 또한 SREBP-1의 상위 조절자인 Akt와 AMPK가 CBD에 의해 조절되는 것을 확인했다. 종합하면, 본 연구 결과를 통해 CBD가 Akt/AMPK-SREBP-1 경로 조절을 통해 지방 생성을 억제하여 여드름 완화 소재로 이용될 수 있음을 시사하였다. 과각화증으로 인한 염증에 대한 CBD의 효과를 확인하기 위한 추가 연구가 필요하며, 이는 여드름에 대한 CBD의 활용 가능성을 높일 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

한국 재래닭의 주령별 각 조직의 텔로미어 함량과 텔로머레이스 활성도 분석 (Analysis of Telomere Length and Telomerase Activity of Tissues in Korean Native Chicken)

  • 정길선;조은정;최덕순;이민정;박철;전익수;손시환
    • 한국가금학회지
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    • 제33권2호
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    • pp.97-103
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    • 2006
  • 텔로미어는 염색체를 보호하고 세포 분열의 안정성에 주된 작용을 하며 세포의 사멸, 노화 및 암의 발생과 직접적 관련이 있다고 알려져 있다. 최근 텔로미어의 길이와 텔로머레이스의 활성에 대한 많은 연구들은 광범위하게 진행되어 왔지만 닭에서는 매우 제한적으로 연구되어왔다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 한국 재래닭에서 발육, 성장 및 노화 단계별 간, 뇌, 심장, 신장, 정소 및 백혈구 세포에 대한 텔로미어의 양적 분포와 텔로머레이스 활성도를 분석 고찰하고자 하였다. 텔로미어의 함량 분석은 telomeric DNA probe 를 이용하여 Q-FISH 법으로 수행하였고, 텔로머레이스 활성도 분석은 TRAP 방법을 이용하였다. 분석 결과, 닭 염색체상 텔로미어는 모든 염색체 양 말단부에 나타나며 특히 1, 2 및 3 번 염색체에서는 양 말단 외 interstitial telomeric DNA 가 존재하였다. 닭의 조직별 세포들의 telomeric cDNA 함량을 분석한 결과 성장 및 노화가 진행됨에 따라 대부분의 세포들에서 텔로미어 함유율이 유의적으로 감소하였고, 조직 간 텔로미어 함유율 에서도 많은 차이를 보였는데 특히 증식성 세포인 정소 내 세포들이 다른 비 증식성 세포들에 비해 월등히 높게 나타났다. 텔로머레이스 활성도는 간, 뇌, 심장 등 대부분의 조직에서 성장 및 노화가 진행됨에 따라 활성이 감소되거나 없어지나 생식선 조직인 정소세포는 연령과 무관하게 지속적으로 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로부터 닭의 조직별 세포 분화 및 증식성 특이성과 텔로미어의 함량 및 텔로머레이스 활성도 간에는 매우 밀접한 관련이 있으며, 텔로머레이스 활성도와 텔로미어 함유율 간에 매우 높은 상관이 있었다.

인체의 폐암과 정상 폐조직에서 Peroxiredoxin 및 Thioredoxin의 발현 양상 (Expression of Peroxiredoxin and Thioredoxin in Human Lung Cancer and Paired Normal Lung)

  • 김영선;박주헌;이혜림;심진영;최영인;오윤정;신승수;최영화;박광주;박래웅;황성철
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제59권2호
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    • pp.142-150
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    • 2005
  • 연구배경 : Peroxiredoxin (Prx) 은 최근에 알려진 항산화제로 세포의 증식과 분화, 세포사멸이나 발암과정에 관여하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 하지만, 현재까지 폐암을 비롯한 각종 질병에서의 이들 Prx단백의 역할은 잘 규명되어 있지 않다. 이에 본 연구는 폐암 조직과 정상폐조직에서 Prx 단백의 발현 양상과 분포를 연구하여 이들의 병태 생리학적인 의미를 찾아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 아주대학교 병원에서 폐암으로 진단된 환자의 폐암조직과, 동일 환자의 정상 폐조직에서, 1 차원전기영동 (reducing 조건과 non-reducing 조건에서의 SDSPAGE) 혹은 2차원전기영동을 시행한 후 Western blot으로 Prx, Trx 및 TR의 발현 양상을 분석 하였으며, 백서의 정상 폐조직과, 환자의 폐암 조직에서 anti-Prx rabbit polyclonal 항체로 하여 면역조직화학염색법을 통해, Prx 단백의 분포를 관찰하였다. 결 과 : 면역조직화학염색법 결과 백서의 정상 폐조직에서는 Prx I, II, III 및 V 유형이, 주로 기관지상피세포, 폐포상피세포 및 폐포대식세포에서 발현되고 있음을 관찰하였다. 인체 폐암조직에서는, 정상 폐조직 부위에 비해서 Prx I 과 Prx III 유형 및 Trx단백의 발현이 선택적으로 증가되어 있고, 특히, 2차원 전기영동을 통한 프로티옴 분석에서 산화된 형태의 Prx I 과 Prx II가 증가 한 것을 비롯하여, 분자량과 등전점(pI)이 약간 변화된 형태의 Prx III가 폐암조직에 존재함을 알 수 있었다. 한편, 폐암 조직의 non-reducing 전기영동 후 Western blot에서는, monomer와 dimer 사이의 중간 크기에 해당하는 약 40 kDa과 200 kDa 이상 크기의, 항 Prx 항체와 반응하는 단백 띠 (reactive bands)가 관찰되었다. 결 론 : 폐암 조직에서 관찰되는 Prx I 과 Prx III 유형 및 Trx의 과발현 양상은, 종양 세포들이 주변의 미세 환경으로부터 겪는 여러 스트레스에 대하여 단백질을 보호하고 세포의 생명력을 유지하는데 있어 주요한 역할을 하는 것으로 사료된다.