• 제목/요약/키워드: CdSe/ZnS

검색결과 173건 처리시간 0.03초

Nano Bio Imaging for NT and BT

  • Moon, DaeWon
    • 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국진공학회 2015년도 제49회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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    • pp.51.2-51.2
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    • 2015
  • Understanding interfacial phenomena has been one of the main research issues not only in semiconductors but only in life sciences. I have been trying to meet the atomic scale surface and interface analysis challenges from semiconductor industries and furthermore to extend the application scope to biomedical areas. Optical imaing has been most widely and successfully used for biomedical imaging but complementary ion beam imaging techniques based on mass spectrometry and ion scattering can provide more detailed molecular specific and nanoscale information In this presentation, I will review the 27 years history of medium energy ion scattering (MEIS) development at KRISS and DGIST for nanoanalysis. A electrostatic MEIS system constructed at KRISS after the FOM, Netherland design had been successfully applied for the gate oxide analysis and quantitative surface analysis. Recenlty, we developed time-of-flight (TOF) MEIS system, for the first time in the world. With TOF-MEIS, we reported quantitative compositional profiling with single atomic layer resolution for 0.5~3 nm CdSe/ZnS conjugated QDs and ultra shallow junctions and FINFET's of As implanted Si. With this new TOF-MEIS nano analysis technique, details of nano-structured materials could be measured quantitatively. Progresses in TOF-MEIS analysis in various nano & bio technology will be discussed. For last 10 years, I have been trying to develop multimodal nanobio imaging techniques for cardiovascular and brain tissues. Firstly, in atherosclerotic plaque imaging, using, coherent anti-stokes raman scattering (CARS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) multimodal analysis showed that increased cholesterol palmitate may contribute to the formation of a necrotic core by increasing cell death. Secondly, surface plasmon resonance imaging ellipsometry (SPRIE) was developed for cell biointerface imaging of cell adhesion, migration, and infiltration dynamics for HUVEC, CASMC, and T cells. Thirdly, we developed an ambient mass spectrometric imaging system for live cells and tissues. Preliminary results on mouse brain hippocampus and hypotahlamus will be presented. In conclusions, multimodal optical and mass spectrometric imaging privides overall structural and morphological information with complementary molecular specific information, which can be a useful methodology for biomedical studies. Future challenges in optical and mass spectrometric imaging for new biomedical applications will be discussed.

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Rapid, Sensitive, and Specific Detection of Salmonella Enteritidis in Contaminated Dairy Foods using Quantum Dot Biolabeling Coupled with Immunomagnetic Separation

  • Kim, Hong-Seok;Chon, Jung-Whan;Kim, Hyunsook;Kim, Dong-Hyeon;Yim, Jin-Hyuk;Song, Kwang-Young;Kang, Il-Byung;Kim, Young-Ji;Lee, Soo-Kyung;Seo, Kun-Ho
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.271-275
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    • 2015
  • Colloidal semiconductor CdSe-ZnS core-shell nanocrystal quantum dot (Qdot) are luminescent inorganic fluorophores that show potential to overcome some of the functional limitations encountered with organic dyes in fluorescence labeling applications. Salmonella Enteritidis has emerged as a major cause of human salmonellosis worldwide since the 1980s. A rapid, specific, and sensitive method for the detection of Salmonella Enteritidis was developed using Qdot as a fluorescence marker coupled with immunomagnetic separation. Magnetic beads coated with anti-Salmonella Enteritidis antibodies were employed to selectively capture the target bacteria, and biotin-conjugated anti-Salmonella antibodies were added to form sandwich immune complexes. After magnetic separation, the immune complexes were labeled with Qdot via biotin-streptavidin conjugation, and fluorescence measurement was carried out using a fluorescence measurement system. The detection limit of the Qdot method was a Salmonella Enteritidis concentration of $10^3$ colony-forming units (CFU)/mL, whereas the conventional fluorescein isothiocyanate-based method required over $10^5CFU/mL$. The total detection time was within 2 h. In addition to the potential for general nanotechnology development, these results suggest a new rapid detection method of various pathogenic bacteria from a complex food matrix.

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바지락 (Ruditapes philippinarum) 의 중금속 축적에 관한 연구 (Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Ruditapes philippinarum)

  • 이용석;조용훈;변인선;강세원;조은미;한연수;최상행;박홍석;고원규;안인영;정계헌
    • 한국패류학회지
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.157-165
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    • 2006
  • 바지락의 중금속의 농축 방식 및 해독기작을 연구하기 위해 소화선, 소화관 및 아가미등 세 기관을 선택하여 면역조직화학적 방법, 미세구조적 연구 그리고 SEM-EDS를 사용한 MT와 중금속의 분포 양상을 지역별로 채집한 샘플과 Cd-Cu에 시간별로 노출시킨 샘플에서 각각 살펴보았다. 중금속에 의해 유도된 MT 단백질이 면역조직화학적인 방법에 의해 붉은 색으로 표지되었다. 노출시간이 길어질수록 간췌장에서는 diverticula의 외곽으로 강한 반응을 보였으며, 아가미에서는 중금속의 노출시간이 길어질수록 노출되지 않은 조직에 비해 전반적으로 더 넓은 지역에서 강하게 반응을 보였다. 간췌장과 아가미를 투과전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과 중금속(Cd) 에 더 오래 노출될수록 세포질에서 inclusion body와 중금속으로 추정되는 과립들을 다수 관찰할 수 있었으며, 핵막이 swelling 되는 현상을 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한 발달된 조면 소포체와 미토콘드리아가 관찰되었다. SEM-EDS 결과 중금속의 분포 양상이 지역별로 상당히 상이한 결과를 나타났는데, 이는 지역별로 중금속의 오염정도와 오염원이 되는 중금속의 종류가 다르기 때문으로 추측된다. 그리고 지역별로 채집한 바지락을 이용한 실험과 S와 Zn의 수치가 높게 나타나는 것으로 보아 MT가 관여하고 있음을 간접적으로 확인할 수 있었다.

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PMF 모델을 이용한 대기 중 PM-10 오염원의 확인 (Source Identification of Ambient PM-10 Using the PMF Model)

  • 황인조;김동술
    • 한국대기환경학회지
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    • 제19권6호
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    • pp.701-717
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    • 2003
  • The objective of this study was to extensively estimate the air quality trends of the study area by surveying con-centration trends in months or seasons, after analyzing the mass concentration of PM-10 samples and the inorganic lements, ion, and total carbon in PM-10. Also, the study introduced to apply the PMF (Positive Matrix Factoriza-tion) model that is useful when absence of the source profile. Thus the model was thought to be suitable in Korea that often has few information about pollution sources. After obtaining results from the PMF modeling, the existing sources at the study area were qualitatively identified The PM-10 particles collected on quartz fiber filters by a PM-10 high-vol air sampler for 3 years (Mar. 1999∼Dec.2001) in Kyung Hee University. The 25 chemical species (Al, Mn, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, Ba, Ce, Pb, Si, N $a^{#}$, N $H_4$$^{+}$, $K^{+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Ca^{2+}$, C $l^{[-10]}$ , N $O_3$$^{[-10]}$ , S $O_4$$^{2-}$, TC) were analyzed by ICP-AES, IC, and EA after executing proper pre - treatments of each sample filter. The PMF model was intensively applied to estimate the quantitative contribution of air pollution sources based on the chemical information (128 samples and 25 chemical species). Through a case study of the PMF modeling for the PM-10 aerosols. the total of 11 factors were determined. The multiple linear regression analysis between the observed PM-10 mass concentration and the estimated G matrix had been performed following the FPEAK test. Finally the regression analysis provided source profiles (scaled F matrix). So, 11 sources were qualitatively identified, such as secondary aerosol related source, soil related source, waste incineration source, field burning source, fossil fuel combustion source, industry related source, motor vehicle source, oil/coal combustion source, non-ferrous metal source, and aged sea- salt source, respectively.ively.y.

비진공법을 이용한 CIGS광흡수층의 합성과 특성평가

  • 권영은;박준태;임기홍;최현광;전민현
    • 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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    • pp.312.1-312.1
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    • 2014
  • Chalcopyrite계 화합물 반도체인 $Cu(InGa)Se_2$ (CIGS)는 직접천이형 에너지 밴드갭과 전파장 영역에 대하여 높은 광흡수계수($1{\times}$[10]^5/cm)를 가지므로 두께 $1{\sim}2{\mu}m$인 박막형태으로 고효율의 태양전지 제조가 가능하다. 또한, 박막공정의 저가 가능성을 나타내면서 전세계적으로 많은 연구와 관심을 받고 있고, 현재 상용화되어 있는 결정질실리콘 태양전지를 대체할만한 재료로 주목 받고 있다. 일반적으로, CIGS박막형 태양전지 구성은는 유리를 기판으로 하여 5개의 단위 박막인 Mo 후면전극, p형 반도체 CIGS 광흡수층, n형 반도체 CdS 버퍼층, doped-ZnO 상부 투명전극, $MgF_2$ 반사방지막으로 이루어진다. 이들 중에서 태양전지의 에너지 변환효율에 결정적인 영향을 미치는 구성된다. CIGS 광흡수층의 제조는 크게 진공법과 비진공방법으로 나뉜다. 현재까지 보고된 문헌에 따르면 CIGS 박막형 태양전지의 경우에 동시증발법으로 20.3%의 에너지 변환효율을 보였지만,는데, 이는 진공장비 특성상 공정단가가 높고 대면적화가 어렵다는 단점을 가진다. 따라서, 비진공법을 이용하여 광흡수층 제작하는 것이 기술적으로 진보할 여지가 크다고 볼 수 있다. 반면 현재 상용화되어 있는 결정질실리콘 태양전지를 대체할만한 방법으로 주목 받고 있는 비진공을 이용한 저가공정은 최근 15.5%의 에너지 변환효율이 보고 되었다. 비진공법에는 전계를 이용한 증착법 및 스프레이법으로 나뉘며, 이들 광흡수층 재료의 화학적 합성은 III족 원소인 In, Ga의 함량비에 따라 광흡수층의 에너지 밴드갭(1.04~1.5 eV) 조절이 가능하다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 비진공법에 사용되는 CIGS재료의 화학적 합성조건을 변화시켜 III족 원소의 조성비 조절을 시도하였다. CIGS 분말 시료의 입자 형태와 크기를 FE-SEM을 이용하여 관찰하였고, 화합물의 성분비를 EDX 및 XRD 분석을 통해 Ga 함량에 따른 구조적 차이를 비교해 보았다.

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Effects of Industrial By-products on Reducing Heavy Metal Leaching in Contaminated Paddy Soil

  • Oh, Se Jin;Oh, Seung Min;Kim, Sung Chul;Ok, Yong Sik;Ko, Tae Yol;Ji, Won Hyun;Yang, Jae E.
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제48권1호
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    • pp.64-71
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    • 2015
  • Soil contamination with arsenic and heavy metals is a worldwide problem. Main objective of this research was to evaluated effects of reducing heavy metal leaching under reduced soil condition amended with industrial by-products. The contaminated soil was amended with 3% (w/w) of limestone (Ls), steel slag (SS) and acid mine drainage sludge (AMDS). Synthetic acid rain ($H_2SO_4:HNO_3=6:4$, pH 5.5 fixed) was used for feeding solution with flow rate of $0.78{\sim}0.88mL\;min^{-1}$. Results showed that similar pH and EC of leachate was observed in all treatments regardless of applied industrial by-products. However, arsenic concentration of leachate increased when industrial by-products were mixed. Meanwhile, concentration of heavy metal in the leachate decreased from 11.3 to 4.59 mg for Cd, from 92.3 to 7.93 mg for Pb, and from 11,716 to 1,788 mg for Zn via immobilization in soil with AMDS amended, respectively. Overall, application of industrial by-products can be an environmentally-friendly way to remediate soil and(or) leachate contaminated with metal(loid)s in metal mine site.

Poly-TPD/PVK 이중 박막 정공수송층 구조의 양자점발광다이오드 (Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes with Poly-TPD/PVK Bilayer Hole Transport Layer)

  • 김현수;이도형;김바다;황보람;김창교
    • 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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    • 제32권5호
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    • pp.393-398
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    • 2019
  • A poly[bis(4-butypheny)-bis(phenyl)benzidine] (poly-TPD) and poly(9-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) bilayer was employed as a hole transport layer (HTL) in solution-processed CdSe/ZnS quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs). The thickness of the PVK layer spin-coated onto the poly-TPD layer, whose thickness was fixed to 40 nm, was varied, with PVK layer thicknesses of 0 nm, 35 nm, 45 nm, and 55 nm. Because the thickness of the PVK can determine the hole transport properties of the HTL, a PVK thickness that maximizes the performance of the HTL for the QLEDs was investigated. By employing the optimized PVK thickness of 45 nm, the current efficiency of the QLED exhibited a 1.74 times improvement when compared with that of the QLED with poly-TPD based HTL without PVK. This was mainly attributed to the decrease in the energy barrier between the HTL and the quantum dot (QD) emitting layer (EML).

Monitoring of Particulate Matter and Analysis of Black Carbon and Some Particle Containing Toxic Trace in the City of Yaoundé, Cameroon

  • Tchuente, Siaka Y.F.;Saidou, Saidou;Yakum, N.Y.;Kenmoe, N.X.;Abdourahimi, Abdourahimi
    • Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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    • 제7권2호
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    • pp.120-128
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    • 2013
  • The concentration and composition of particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere can directly reflect the environmental pollution. The atmospheric pollution in some Cameroonian cities is increasing with the industrial development and urbanization. Air pollution is inherently complex, containing PM of varied size and composition. This PM exists as a dynamic cloud interacting with sunlight and is modified by the meteorology. The reflectometer and the EDXRF spectrometry are applied to determine the concentration of some specific elements at four sites in the city of Yaound$\acute{e}$. The particular aim of the present work is to put in place data base on air pollution in urban area and elaborate regulations on the emissions issued to industrial and vehicle activities. This study provides an overview of the concentration of black carbon and some specific elements in the air, which have impacts on human health. The measurement was done by distinguishing the size of particle. So that, the particle with aerodynamic diameter between $2.5-10{\mu}m$ (so-called coarse particle) and aerodynamic diameter < $2.5{\mu}m$ (so-called fine particle) were considered to obtain more information about levels of the inhalable fraction of the location. The results obtained in four locations of the city of Yaound$\acute{e}$ show that the black carbon concentration is very considerable, the element sulfur is a major pollutant and the concentration of fine particle is very greater. The results obtained of fine and coarse filters range from $5-17{\mu}g/m^3$ and $10-18{\mu}g/m^3$ for the black carbon. S, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, As, Se and Hg are the specific findings of this work. The pollutants with a greater concentration are S, Pb, and Zn. These later seem to be non-uniformly, non-regular in some location and high compared to other countries. This work allows us to make a potential relation between pollutants and emission sources. In this framework, some suggestions have been proposed to reduce emissions for an improvement of the air quality in the environment and thus, the one of the city of Yaound$\acute{e}$.

시설 및 토경재배 복령의 시기별 성분 및 항산화 활성 (Comparison of composition and antioxidant activity of Poria cocos Wolf cultivated in a mortuary and cemetery)

  • 김진윤;이화용;조우식;박승춘
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.111-117
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    • 2018
  • 본 연구에서는 시설재배와 토경(매립) 복령의 성분 분석 및 생리활성 비교를 위해 연구하였다. 일반성분 분석 결과 산소가 45~46%로 가장 많이 포함하고 있었으며 다음으로 39~41%의 탄소, 6.06~6.1% 수소, 0.21~0.22% 질소로 나타났다. 그리고 시험을 실시한 복령 모두에서 황 성분은 발견되지 않았다. 시설 및 토경 재배 복령을 ICP 분석법으로 11종의 무기질을 분석한 결과 S, Fe, Mg, Zn의 함유량은 1년차, 2년차 모두 토경 재배 복령이 시설 재배 복령보다 많았으며 특히 Fe와 Zn의 함유량은 각각 약 3.1~4.9배, 3.6~3.9배 높았다. 50% 에탄올 복령 추출물의 DPPH와 ABTS radical 소거활성과 FRAP 방법을 실행하여 항산화 효과를 알아보았다. 복령 추출물 10 mg/ml의 농도에서 시설 및 토경 재배 복령의 DPPH $IC_{50}$ 값은 1년산 시설 재배(8.601mg/mL), 1년산 토경 재배(12.85mg/mL), 2년산 시설 재배(1.23mg/mL), 2년산 토경 재배(1.18 mg/mL)로 나타났으며 ABTS $IC_{50}$값은 1년산 시설 재배(15.85 mg/mL), 1년산 토경 재배(14.59 mg/mL), 2년산 시설 재배(3.9 mg/mL), 2년산 토경 재배(14.92 mg/mL)로 계산되었다. 연구에 사용한 복령의 항산화 활성은 농도 의존적인 증가를 보였고 2년산 시설 재배 복령이 가장 높은 항산화 활성을 나타냈다. FE-SEM을 이용하여 복령 입자의 초미세구조를 관찰한 결과 샘플간의 뚜렷한 차이점은 발견되지 않았다.

이산화티탄과 UV-B 수준에 따른 벼 생육과 프로테옴 해석 (Proteomic Analysis and Growth Responses of Rice with Different Levels of Titanium Dioxide and UV-B)

  • 홍성창;신평균;장안철;이기상;이철원;우선희
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제52권1호
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    • pp.69-80
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    • 2007
  • 태양광과 반응하여 독특한 광화학적 작용을 하는 이산화티탄($TiO_2$)을 벼 잎 표면에 처리하였을 때 벼 엽신의 광합성 대사에 대한 영향을 검토하고 프로테옴 분석을 통해 생리변화를 구명하고자 수행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 광합성유효파장이 $2,400\;{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$$2,200\;{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$ 배치구에서 이산화티탄 10, 20 ppm 처리는 광적응상태의 엽록소형광지수(Yield)를 낮추었고 $450\;{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$ 처리구는 엽록소형광지수를 높였다. 2. 노지조건인 PAR $2,400\;{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$ 배치구에서 광합성 명반응의 상대전자전달율은 이산화티탄 10 ppm 처리에서 평균 45 %, 무처리 32.4 %, diuron 10 ppm 처리구에서 15.3%로 이산화티탄 처리는 광합성 명반응의 상대전자전달율을 높였다. 3. UV-B 4.9, $0.6\;KJ\;m^{-2}\;day^{-1}$ 배치구에서 이산화티탄 처리로 초장이 증가하였고 UV-B $0.15\;KJ\;m^{-2}\;day^{-1}$ 배치구에서 초장은 증가하고 건물중은 감소하였다. 4. 광합성은 노지의 UV-B 조건인 $13.6\;KJ\;m^{-2}\;day^{-1}$ 배치구에서 이산화티탄 처리로 종가하였고 UV-B 4.9, 0.6, $0.15\;KJ\;m^{-2}\;day^{-1}$ 배치구는 다소 증가하였으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 나타내지 않았다. 5. 이산화티탄 처리 후 자연광 중의 UV-B를 99% 차단하여 저수준으로 조절한 결과 68%의 단백질 발현이 감소하였고 각각 16%의 단백질 발현이 증가 또는 신생 합성되었다. 6. 이산화티탄 20 ppm 처리 후 자연광 중의 UV-B를 99% 차단시켰을 때 주로 광합성 Calvin cycle에서 $CO_2$ 결합을 촉매하는 결정구조 Rubisco의 chain E 발현이 감소하였다.