• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.61
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• pp.47-64
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• 2000

The Ondal cave, as limestone cave, located in 37$^{\circ}$ 03'N, 128$^{\circ}$ 29'E and in Ha-ri, Yongchun-myeon, Banyans-gun, Chungchongbuk-do. This study analyzed the groundwater of Ondal Cave with 44 items. On investigation almost of items were low and only germs were high than a base numerical value, this is supposedly caused by tourist entrance. For the better management of the Ondal cave the preventing is required.

• Journal of the speleological society of Korea
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• no.5
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• pp.96-106
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• 1997

The reduction of cave survey data is an essentially straightforward but repetitive mathematical task which can be carried out to advantage using virtually any type of computer from a programmable calculator upwards. The obvious benefits are speed and accuracy in reducing and adjusting the raw data to obtain the x,y,z coordinates (eastings, northings and elevations) of the surveyed points. Additionally, depending on the functionality of the software (program) and power of the hardware (computer), the user may be able to build up a data base of surveys, plot out on paper scaled plans and elecations of the cave and possibly even see a three-dimensional model of the cave, in perspective or some other projection, as an aid to understanding the spatial relationships of cave passages.(omitted)

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.473-484
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• 2015

Geophysical exploration using electric resistivity, ground penetrating radar (GPR), and impedance high-frequency (ZHF) surveys was conducted in Gujwa-eup, Jeju City, Jeju Island, an island in the Korea Strait, to confirm the existence of new caves near known caves. The exploration revealed a number of anomaly zones, presumed to be caves; 27 sites at suitable locations and depth ranges were selected for drilling and further surveys. However, contrary to predictions, most of the anomaly zones were clinker layers or paleosols intercalated with lavas. Only five boreholes intersected caves. The clinker layers and paleosols were possibly detected as anomalies owing to their different physical properties from the other rocks. Two of the five cave-finding boreholes penetrated Yongcheon Cave; a new cave was found at the other. The two boreholes that penetrated Yongcheon Cave were drilled in areas where the cave has not been previously reported, and thus helped correct an error in the cave distribution map. The cave newly discovered in this boring exploration is 180 m long, and it is connected to the upstream part of Dangcheomul Cave (110 m). The cave contains well-developed lava helictites, lava levees, and ropy structures; carbonate speleothems such as soda straws, stalagmites, columns, and curtain shawls are also well preserved. Notably, the unique shape of the carbonate speleothems is attributed to their growth in relation to the cavern water that flowed into the cave along plant roots.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.5
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• pp.13-22
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• 1981

The stone caves in Korea, though they were first influenced by Chinese cave temples, were not made same with their predecessors in style. Nearly all Korean stone caves are the simulated ones built artificially, and they are divided into the following: A. The caves that were made up with several pieces of natural rocks with some wood works done over them to cover the open spaces between the rocks. B. Wood works were added in front of the rock-cut images of Buddha in order to construct the cave. C. The men-made caves Suk-kul-am in Kyung-ju is well-known among the above kind of the caves. In short, Korean stone caves have their distinction in which they were inspired by the Indian and Chinese examples and developed their own styles to meet the specific conditions and restraints of the Korean mountains. The extant Silla cave temples are classified in the following four groups: 1) The type of Shin-sun-sa(神仙寺) at Kyung-ju 2) The type of Ka-heung-ri cave(可興里) at Yong-ju(榮州) 3) The type of Kun-wi cave(軍威) 4) The type of Suk-kul-am(石窟庵) at Kyung-ju

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.84
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

Since the existing cave type classification has no variety but was limited to the structural, genetical and dimensional classification, we need the new cave type classification. When we analyze the theoretical background of cluster analysis, the cave type can be classified in consideration of diverse variables depending on the selection of variables to use and the usability of such classification is very high. With the practical consideration on the internal environment of cave and surrounding environment, three classifications are available; first, numerical classification by the dimension and form of cave; second, classification by the use of land out of the cave and geographic features; third, classification by the feature of location related to the surrounding areas of cave.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.41-46
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• 2002

가상환경 기술이 발전하면서 보다 현실감 있는 가상환경을 구현할 수 있으나, 이를 사용하는 사용자 환경에 대한 연구는 아직 미흡하다. 본 연구에서는 사용자에게 전 시야를 제공해 줄 수 있는 CAVE 시스템을 구축하였으며, 보다 현실감 있는 조작을 위하여 사용자에게 힘의 정보를 전달하여 줄 수 있는 햅틱 암마스터를 채택하였다. CAVE와 햅틱 암마스터를 사용하여 가상물체를 보면서 접촉하거나 조작할 수 있는 가상환경을 구축하였다.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.81
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• pp.47-54
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• 2007

The role of the rescue party only function of accident hour relief activity it knows against the technique and an immediacy of Hum who burns executes an education and training and the accident it will be able to occur in advance and Hum activity hour which burns it prevents the place where it reduces it contributes a lot role is the importance is a possibility of saying that compared to it grows more. It must establish the cave structure commission inside Korean cave academic society and it must cooperate with the instance of the foreign nation together and with each other it must improve a cave structure setup and equipment and the countermeasure which is appropriate and prevention of accident inside the cave and accident occurrence hour it must consider feed with the fact that it must become.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.70
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• pp.55-62
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• 2006

The Wooro cave speleothem displays comparatively very less developed characteristics due to its unactive fluviation, less soluable carbonate rocks, 3nd disconnected short voids. The Weoro cave consists of stalactite, stalagmite, flowstone, rimstone, and moonmilk, however, it is not exhibite soda straw, cave pearl, pisolites, curtain, drapery, cave flower, anthodite, cave coral, helictite. heligmite, boxwork, pendent and, cemented shield. The main cause of the underdevelopment speleothem of the Wooro cave probably less peneturated waters or less calcite compostion of the carbonate rocks.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.141-144
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• 2014

Recently, cave candidates have been discovered on other planets besides the Earth, such as the Moon and Mars. When we go to other planets, caves could be possible human habitats providing natural protection from cosmic threats. In this study, seven cave candidates have been found on Pavonis Mons and Ascraeus Mons in Tharsis Montes on Mars. The cave candidates were selected using the images of the Context Camera (CTX) on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO). The Context Camera could provide images with the high resolution of 6 meter per pixel. The diameter of the candidates ranges from 50 to 100m. Cushing et al. (2007) have analyzed the temperature change at daytime and nighttime using the Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) for the sites of potential cave candidates. Similarly, we have examined the temperature change at daytime and at nighttime for seven cave candidates using the method of Cushing et al. (2007). Among those, only one candidate showed a distinct temperature change. However, we cannot verify a cave based on the temperature change only and further study is required for the improvement of this method to identify caves more clearly.

• Journal of the Speleological Society of Korea
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• no.92
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• pp.1-7
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• 2009

The Altamira Cave painting which Spain which is a world-wide cave painting will know, France Grotte de Lascaux painting, observes the France Chauvet Cave and sees and about Choungryongdo with the Sangyoungchong which are an ancient tomb mural of Korea introduces. This paper provides an overview of the rock art of the Northern Mariana Islands and particularly as the rock art discovered to date predominantly pertains to ancestor worship within the Chamorro cultural group. For centuries, the Western world has categorized the ancient Chamorro inhabitants of the Marianas Archipelago as a "prehistoric" people; a people without a written history. In addition to providing an overview of the rock art of the Northern Mariana Islands, this paper also emphasizes the fact that the ancient Chamorros did indeed have a recorded history and that this chronological record exists in the pictographs and petroglyphs that they painted and carved.