• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2022

제주도는 지질학적 특성으로 인해 '숨골'이라는 특수한 형태의 지층이 존재한다. 숨골은 대량의 물이 막힘없이 지하로 침투하는 지질구조로서, 동굴과 달리 사람이 들어가지 못하는 곳으로 정의된다. 본 논문은 이러한 숨골이 존재하는 지역의 시추조사 결과를 바탕으로 공항 건설시 발생하는 다양한 하중에 대하여 지반의 안정성을 수치해석을 통하여 살펴보았다. 숨골의 영향범위를 지표에서 3m로 설정하여 수치해석을 수행한 결과 표층에 매립지가 존재하는 지역을 포함하여 모든 단면에서 허용 침하량 범위에 있었다. 또한 매립지가 존재하는 단면의 경우 실제 포장건설 시를 고려하여 수치해석을 수행한 결과 침하량은 매우 줄어드는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2008년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.185-188
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• 2008

과학 데이터는 대부분 과학 시뮬레이션의 결과로 얻게 되며, 사람이 직관적으로 이해하기 어려운 숫자의 나열인 경우가 많다. 이런 수치 데이터를 가시화하면 보다 쉽게 이해해서 분석할 수 있는 형태가 갖춰지게 되며, 가시화 환경을 VR 환경으로 옮기면 사용자와 상호작용하면서 사용자가 원하는 형태로 데이터를 가시화하는 것이 가능할 뿐만 아니라 몰입형 환경 덕분에 데이터에 대한 이해도도 높일 수 있다. 그러나 VR 환경의 시스템적 한계와 다양한 가시화 알고리즘에 대한 필요성 때문에 VR 환경에서 과학 데이터를 가시화하는 데는 한계가 있다. 본 논문에서는 VR 환경에서 과학데이터를 가시화하는 프레임워크를 제안한다. 이 프레임워크는 VTK에 기반을 둔 애플리케이션인 ParaView를 활용함으로써 과학데이터를 가시화하는 알고리즘을 제공하며, VTK와 CAVELib을 기반으로 하는 VtkCave를 활용해서 시스템에 맞는 VR 인터페이스를 제공한다. 향후에는 이 프레임워크에 보다 다양한 인터페이스와 가시화 기법을 더해서 풍부한 서비스를 제공할 수 있도록 할 예정이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제36권7호
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• pp.523-526
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• 2003

환자는 44세 남자로 호흡곤란과 동반된 복부팽만을 주소로 입원하였다. 심초음파상 우심방내의 종괴와 삼첨판막 협착증, 우심실내강의 감소를 관찰할 수 있었다 수술을 시행하여 우심방내의 종괴를 제거하였고 삼첨판막의 개구부를 확장시킴과 동시에 심실내부의 심내막절제술을 시행하였다. 또한 우심방의 용적부하를 낮추기 위해 심방중격결손을 만들어주었다. 술 후 환자는 증세의 호전을 보였고 별다른 문제없이 퇴원하였고 조직검사상 진단은 심근내막섬유증으로 내려졌다. 술 후 18개월 뒤 환자는 진행된 호흡곤란과 청색증으로 인해 다시 입원하였고 심초음파를 시행하여 우심실내강이 이전보다 더 좁아져 있으며 폐동맥의 혈류가 거의 없음을 확인하였다. 기능적 단 심실 상태였기 때문에 양 방향성 상대정맥폐동맥 단락수술을 시행하였고 술 후 호흡곤란과 청색증은 많은 호전을 보였다. 진행된 우심실의 심근내막섬유증에서 양 방향성 상대정맥-폐동맥 단락수술의 시행은 술 후 초기에 효과적인 증상완화를 제공하지만 장기간의 추적관찰이 요구된다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.61-74
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• 1986

The anatomy of the renal papilla and pelvis of the bat(Pipistrellus abramus abramus Temminck) and their ultrastructure of the epithelium has been studied by means of light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The bats were captured at Ondal cave located in Yangchun-Myun, Tanyang-Kun, Chungchongpuk-Do, Korea in the active(July) and hibernating(January) phases. A conical renal papilla with several papillary foramina at the apex was curved toward the ureter. At the margin of the funnel-shaped renal pelvis, the fornix extended deeply into the kidney parenchyme was formed between the outer zone of the medulla and the cortex. The epithelium of the papilla covered the inner zone of the medulla. The epithelium of the fornix medially overlayed the outer zone of the medulla, and laterally the cortex. The surface epithelium of the papilla was simple columnar in shape with the scanty organelles and the short microvilli on their luminal surface. The fornix was Jined with $1{\sim}2$ cell layered squamous epithelium. On the medial surface of the fornix, two types of the superficial epithelial cells were identified; one had numerous short microvilli and the other had the microplicae and plaques on their luminal surface. The lateral surface of the fornix lined with the epithelial cells showed microridges and plaques on the luminal surface. The epithelial cells on the medial and lateral surfaces of the fornix were similar to their internal ultrastructures. The pelvic epithelium was a typical transitional type, which was composed of a layer of basal cells, one or two layers of intermediate cells, and a layer of superficial(facet) cells. The fusiform vesicles were observed in the cytoplasm of the intermediate and facet cells. There were no noticeable morphological changes in the epithelium of the papilla, fornix and pelvis except the medial epithelium of the fornix in the hibernating cycle. The microvillar cells were more numerous in the hibernating phase than in the active phase. The morphology, of the renal papilla and fornix of bats, indicates that a functional relationship may exist between the pelvic urine and the renal parenchyme.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.135-156
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• 2011

Stupa in India divides into two: stupa in flatland temple with a character of tomb, and devotional stupa made for offering. The difference of such character is made by whether there is any Sari, and main center for worship is flatland stupa where Sari is settled. Stupa in flatland temple is targeted to that with Sari, whose character is applied into Relief-stupa. The characteristics of Relief-stupa can be divided into two: a relief with similar type of flatland stupa in the form, and a devotional relief in which drum and upper part of tower are developed. The Relief-stupa of flatland temple could be confirmed at tower gate of Sanchi tower, decoration of handrail, and the wall attached to Amaravati and Nagarjunakonda stupa. To the contrary, drum and upper wheel part in the Relief-stupa are developed in the votive stupa. Such characteristics had different features according to usage: The example of former is that there is an expression of landscape of stupa built at that time, and the example of latter is those which had similar type of stone cave temple or offering tower near stupa. Thus, the meaning is subject to the existing of Sari. Stupa building developed along with the development of Buddhist structural activity with the existing popular tradition. And its influence was expanded along with various cultures locally. And, the structure and tower reflected various types and thoughts. Stupa reflected its building site and method according to types, and was created in a new form by its usage.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.530-537
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• 2017

Scales generated inside pipes cause negative effects on heat transfer performance, pressure loss and flow rate due to increased thermal resistance and reduced flow cross-sectional area. If these scales are not prevented or eliminated, thermal-fluid performance of the facilities can be deteriorated, or in extreme cases, accidents such as explosion due to overheating can occur. There are two ways to remove the scales, physically and chemically. Removing the scales physically needs specific machines which are expensive, and removing them chemically may provoke corrosion or shorten the age of the facilities. In this study, an eco-friendly pipe scale cleaner using natural organic acid is developed by applying the concept of a limestone cave generation. The manufactured scale cleaner is applied to remove the scales in industrial, water heating and urinal pipes. The results show that this cleaner removes scales more effectively and safely compared to existing scale treatments. Scale removal efficiencies of this work is 1.2~10.7 times for industrial pipes and 1.8~15.5 times for boiler water heating pipes higher than those of conventional cleaners.

• 동굴
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• 제19권20호
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• pp.29-62
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• 1989

Cheju Island, which was formed by volcanic activity, is an oval in its shape with the major axis 80km and the minor axis of 40km. The island holds in its heart Mt. Hanala rising 1,950m above the sea. Petrological study of this volcanic island has been made actively by Sang-Man Lee, Chong-Kwang Won and Moon-Won Li. The chronological measurements of the island by Chong-Kwan Won and Moon-Won Lee showed that it is composed of Sanbangsan trachytes and Backlokdam trachytes(25,000 year ago). These reports are based on the chemical analysis and the rediometric chronological measurements on the ground. However, there has been no reports about the inside of caves. We made an (composition) analysis of the inside of Manjang Cave by the fundamental parameter method in X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. The fundamental parameter method in X-ray fluorescence spectrometry is nondestructive analysis. and it enables us to make the values processed by a computer. The results obtained by this methods are as follows: SiO$_2$(49％), $Al_2$O$_3$(17％), Fe$_2$O$_3$(13％), CaO(8.1％), MgO(5.5％), Na2O(3.6％), TiO$_2$(2.1％), $K_2$O(0.86％), P$_2$O$_{5}$(0.28％), and MnO(0.20％) respectively. The data obtained by the fundamental parameter method in X-ray fluorescene was compared with the data provided by Chong-Kwan Won and Moon-Won Lee. Our measurement was made by K-Ar-method in cooperation with T. ITAYA. The samples are of 30,000-420,000 years ago. The composition of the values of our underground analysis with the existing values obtained by the analyses on the ground produced new data about Cehju volcanic island.d.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2001

최근 구조물기초에 큰 변형 및 손상을 가하지 않고 안정성에 대한 정보를 비교적 쉽게 얻을 수 있는 비파괴시험(NDT, Non-Destructive Testing)기법이 큰 관심을 얻고 있다. 본 연구에서는 비파괴시험 중 검측공 기법(CSL, CT, PS)과 표면파 기법(SE, IR)을 현장타설말뚝의 건전도 평가에 이용하기 위한 적용성의 문제를 현장시험을 통하여 고찰하였다. 이를 위하여 결함이 없는 한 본의 정상말뚝과 연약선단, 단면축소 확대, 불량콘크리트 타설 등 현장에서 발생하기 쉬운 결함의 종류, 크기, 위치 등을 변화 조합한 9본의 현장타설말뚝(직경 0.4m, 길이 7.0m)을 시공하여 다양한 비파괴시험을 수행하였다. 시험을 통하여 각 기법을 현장타설말뚝의 건전도 평가에 적용할 때의 문제점과 각 기법의 합리적인 조합에 대하여 고찰하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.137-141
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• 1991

Percutaneous retrogasserian glycerol rhizolysis(PRGR) was performed in 43 patients, a total of 65 times, for the management of typical trigeminal neuralgia from 1987 to 1991. The age of patients was distributed between 19 and 87 years. According to sex 17 were male and 26 were female. Pure glycerol of 0.3-0.8 ml was injected into the Meckel's cave on the affected site. In 31 PRGR(Group I) that had cisternography to titrate the dose of glycerol, when treated, 26 G of these PRGR patients(83.9%) had relief of pain. There were recurrence of pain in 7PRGR (22.6%) and the average interval from the PRGR to recurrence of pain in 7 PRGR(22.6%) and the average interval from the PRGR to recurrence of pain was 16.9 months. In 34 PRGR(Group II) of which bupivacaine was injected to titrate the dose of glycerol, 29 PRGR(85.3%) had relief of pain 80 howing treatment. There were recurrence of pain in 8 PRGR(23.5%) and the average interval from the PRGR to the recurrence of pain was 14.3 months. Finally of all procedures done(65 PRGR), 55 PRGR(84.6%) had relief of pain. There were recurrence of pain in 15 PRGR(23.1%) and the average interval from the PRGR to recurrence of pain was 15.5 months. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the rate of pain relief. There were conjunctival irritation(3 cases), headache(2), vomiting(3), hematoma(2), and herpes simplex(3) as transient complications after PRGR. Corneal ulceration and anesthesia dolorosa did not develop in any cases.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.477-483
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• 2013

Objective : Although surgical techniques for clipping paraclinoid aneurysms have evolved significantly in recent times, direct microsurgical clipping of large and giant paraclinoid aneurysms remains a formidable surgical challenge. We review here our surgical experiences in direct surgical clipping of large and giant paraclinoid aneurysms, especially in dealing with anterior clinoidectomy, distal dural ring resection, optic canal unroofing, clipping techniques, and surgical complications. Methods : Between September 2001 and February 2012, we directly obliterated ten large and giant paraclinoid aneurysms. In all cases, tailored orbito-zygomatic craniotomies with extradural and/or intradural clinoidectomy were performed. The efficacy of surgical clipping was evaluated with postoperative digital subtraction angiography and computed tomographic angiography. Results : Of the ten cases reported, five each were of ruptured and unruptured aneurysms. Five aneurysms occurred in the carotid cave, two in the superior hypophyseal artery, two in the intracavernous, and one in the posterior wall. The mean diameter of the aneurysms sac was 18.8 mm in the greatest dimension. All large and giant paraclinoid aneurysms were obliterated with direct neck clipping without bypass. With the exception of the one intracavenous aneurysm, all large and giant paraclinoid aneurysms were occluded completely. Conclusion : The key features of successful surgical clipping of large and giant paraclinoid aneurysms include enhancing exposure of proximal neck of aneurysms, establishing proximal control, and completely obliterating aneurysms with minimal manipulation of the optic nerve. Our results suggest that internal carotid artery reconstruction using multiple fenestrated clips without bypass may potentially achieve complete occlusion of large paraclinoid aneurysms.