• 유통과학연구
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of the research is to identify the demographic characteristics of the customers with high private label purchase intention. According to the previous research demographics such as gender, age, income, and residence type affect private label purchase intention indirectly through psychographics rather than directly. For instance, higher income group is time pressured, price-insensitive, quality-sensitive, less likely to enjoy shopping utilitarian products, and less likely to be variety-seeking. The main contribution of this research is to verify the results found in the previous empirical foreign research using scanner data and to investigate the differences of the characteristics of private label users between Korea and the foreign countries. Research design, data, and methodology - In order to empirically test the proposed hypotheses, scanner data of a Korean major super center was analyzed. Results - Empirical results show that private labels are more favored by old people over 50s, dwellers in individual house, lower income group, and frequent store visitors. Age of 30s, dwellers in the apartment of 30 pyung, higher income group, and consumers who purchased a large amount are less likely to purchase private labels. Gender turned out not to affect private label purchase. It should be noted that there is a significant multicollinearity among independent variables. Conclusions - The research findings provide managerial implication for retailers' private label strategy. In general, retailers heavily send private label coupons to the customers with high purchase volume. According to the research, however, store visit frequency is much more positively associated with private label purchase than purchase amount. The study has some limitations. The samples are only consumers with private label purchase experience. The data were drawn from one store and only 8 commodity products were used for the analysis. Also, if more demographics were available, a more complete description on the private brand users' profile could have been derived. We propose the following future research. Research using the data including consumers without private label experience, research investigating direction of causality between private label loyalty and store loyalty, and research using hedonic private label products such as TV and PC could be promising.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2018

본 논문은 기업의 교육훈련에 대한 투자가 기업의 성과에 영향을 미치는 변수별 효과를 살펴봄으로써 기업의 교육훈련에 대한 관심과 투자를 촉진하고, 이를 지원하기 위한 정책적 함의를 도출하는데 목적이 있다. 분석자료는 HCCP를 사용하였으며, 분석방법은 동태패널 모형과 변수의 내생성 문제해결을 위한 방법을 적용하였다. 분석 결과, 기업의 교육훈련이 1인당 매출액에는 양(+)의 영향을 미치나 재무성과인 1인당 순이익에 미치는 영향은 일부 모형에서만 양(+)의 효과로 나타났다. 그러나 내생성을 고려한 모형에서는 1인당 순이익이 유의한 양(+)의 효과로 나타나 변수의 내생성도 중요한 고려요인임을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 기업에서는 단기적인 성과보다는 중장기적인 관점에서 교육훈련에 대한 관심과 투자를 확대해 나간다면 기업의 조직성과 및 재무성과에 크게 기여할 것이다.

• 서비스연구
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2017

과시소비에 관한 연구는 많이 진행되어 왔지만, 소비자가 지각한 타인의 과시소비의 부정적인 감정에 대한 연구는 많지 않다. 본 연구에서는 타인의 과시 소비가 소비자의 브랜드 평가에 미치는 부정적인 영향을 검증하는 것을 목적으로 실험을 진행하였다. 본 연구에서는 두개의 실험을 통하여, 지각한 과시 소비는 소비자의 브랜드 평가에 부정적인 영향을 끼친다는 것을 밝혀냈다. 타인의 과시 소비는 임시적으로 소비자의 권력거리신념에 영향을 미치며 이러한 영향은 궁극적으로 소비자의 브랜드평가에 영향을 미친다. 즉 소비자의 권력거리신념은 타인의 과시소비와 브랜드평가의 관계를 매개한다. 개인 수준의 집단 규범은 타인의 과시 소비와 브랜드 평가에 대한 조절효과를 밝히지 못했지만, 국가차원의 집단규범은 타인의 과시소비와 브랜드평가의 관계를 조절하는 것을 검증하였다.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.78-83
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• 2021

Objective : Current study investigated the association between internet addiction and suicidal attempts in psychiatric patients. Methods : Patients who visited emergency department or psychiatry outpatient unit of Chungnam National University Hospital from January 2020 to July 2021 were included in this study. Total of 192 participants, 96 suicidal attempt cases and 96 psychiatric control patients without history of suicidal attempt were matched by gender and baseline diagnosis. Depression and internet addiction were assessed by using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT). Independent t-tests, and logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results : IAT scores were significantly higher in suicidal attempt case group (41.09±18.196 years) compared to psychiatric control patients without history of suicidal attempt (36.63±17.016 years) (p=0.040). Internet addiction (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR]=2.049, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]=1.004-4.539, p=0.0493) was an independent risk factor for suicidal attempt in psychiatric patients after controlling age, gender, and sociodemographic factors, such as marital status, education level and employment status. Conclusion : This is the first study to investigate the relationship between internet addiction and suicidal attempt in psychiatric patients in Korea. Internet addiction is significantly associated with suicidal attempt in psychiatric patients, after adjusting sociodemographic variables. This study provides evidence to future studies to further investigate on causality of internet addiction and suicidality in psychiatric patients.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.527-545
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 조직화된 공격 주체가 수행하는 APT 공격을 효과적으로 탐지하기 위하여, 공격체인을 구성하여 공격을 탐지하는 시스템을 구축하였다. 공격체인 기반 APT 공격 탐지 시스템은 다양한 호스트 및 네트워크 모니터링 도구에서 생성하는 이벤트를 수집하고 저장하는 '이벤트 수집 및 저장부', 이벤트로부터 MITRE ATT&CK^®에 정의된 공격기술 수준의 단위공격을 탐지하는 '단위공격 탐지부', 단위공격으로 생성된 이벤트로부터 Provenance Graph 기반의 인과관계 분석을 수행하여 공격체인을 구성하는 '공격체인 구성부'로 구성하였다. 시스템을 검증하기 위하여 테스트베드를 구축하고 MITRE ATT&CK Evaluation 프로그램에서 제공하는 모의공격 시나리오를 수행하였다. 실험 결과 모의공격 시나리오에 대해 공격체인이 효과적으로 구성되는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서 구현한 시스템을 이용하면, 공격을 단편적인 부분으로 이해하기보다 공격의 진행 흐름 관점에서 이해하고 대응할 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.146-170
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• 2020

Purpose - This paper addresses the concepts of FDI-Trade-Growth nexus in Myanmar's economy and empirically investigates the interrelationships of trade, investment and economic growth to reveal the growth model of Myanmar's economy. Additionally, this paper also addresses the cooperative strategies between Myanmar and South Korea through a case study related to South Korea's economic growth. Design/methodology - Our empirical model considers the interrelationship among FDI, trade, growth, labor force and inflation in Myanmar. This study employs ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag) to conduct an analysis of the FDI-Trade-Growth relationships using the time series data from 1970 to 2016 and a conducted case study of South Korea provided for practical implication on cooperative strategies between Myanmar and Korea. Findings - Export equation was chosen through the diagnostic tests. Our main findings can be summarized as follows: Export in Myanmar is positively influenced by labor force, FDI, capital formation and negatively impacted by import and instable inflation rate in the long run. In the short run, GDP and import positively influence export. The Granger causality test proves that Myanmar is an FDI/labor force-led Growth economy, where FDI and labor force are main drivers of export followed by GDP in Myanmar. The case study of South Korea provided that Korea's tax and credit system for promoting export-led FDI industries and cooperative units for joint ventures between Korea and Myanmar in export-led FDI industries are recommended. Originality/value - No study has yet to be conducted on the interrelationships of macroeconomic factors from the perspectives of FDI-Trade-Growth Nexus in Myanmar under the assumption of labor force and inflation rate as fundamental conditions. The current study also covered a relatively longer period of time series data from 1970 to 2016. This paper also conducts a case study of South Korea's experience in order to evaluate the findings and provide better policy implications.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.140-147
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between primary dysmenorrhea. Methods: Intensity of dysmenorrhea was evaluated by scoring system of Andersch and Milsom. Anger state, trait, expression of the patients suffering from dysmenorrhea was measured by STAXI-K. And each value was analyzed by ANOVA testm as to intensity of dysmenorrhea, student t test as to existence of dysmenorrhea. Results: The numerical value of anger expression in the primary dysmenorrhea existent group was significantly higher than that in the primary dysmenorrhea non-existent group. There were significant differences among the numerical value of anger expression in the groups classified as intensity of primary dysmenorrhea, the value of three positive group() was significantly higher than that of negative group(-). Conclusion: This study showed the relationship between anger expression and primary dysmenorrhea. But there was no clue to find out their causal relationship, because this study was cross-sectional. So further study will be needed to prove the causality between them. And more precise scale has to been developed to evaluate various type of anger accurately.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.59-82
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• 2023

본 논문에서는 우리나라 경제성장과 연구수행 주체별 공공 연구개발투자, 기업연구개발투자, 대학 연구개발 투자 간의 장·단기 인과관계를 실증 분석하였다. 이를 위해 1976년부터 2020년 동안의 시계열 자료를 바탕으로 단위근 검정, 공적분 검정, 백터오차수정모형(VECM)을 통한 인과성 검정을 실시하였다. 분석결과, 우리나라 경제성장과 공공 연구개발투자, 기업 연구개발투자, 대학 연구개발투자 간에는 장기적으로 인과관계가 존재하는 장기균형관계가 있다는 것을 도출하였다. 그러나, 공공 연구개발투자가 경제성장에 단기적으로 영향을 미치는 데에 비해 기업 및 대학 연구개발투자는 경제성장에 단기적으로 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 더불어, 경제성장 및 공공 연구개발투자, 기업 연구개발투자와 공공연구개발투자, 대학 연구개발투자와 공공 연구개발투자 간에 단기적으로 양방향의 인과관계가 있는 것으로 도출되었다. 마지막으로 단기적으로 공공 연구개발에 인과관계가 있는 것은 GDP 경제성장이며, 대학의 연구개발에 단기적으로 인과관계가 있는 것은 공공 및 기업의 연구개발투자인 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구를 통해서 공공 연구개발투자, 기업 연구개발투자, 대학 연구개발 투자와 경제성장 간에는 높은 상호 유기적인 관계가 존재한다는 것을 실증적으로 도출하였다. 향후 연구개발투자가 경제성장에 미치는 파급효과를 높이기 위해서는 대학과 기업의 연구개발투자가 상호 촉진되고, 기업의 연구개발투자가 공공 연구개발투자에 긍정적 영향을 미쳐 공공 연구개발투자가 향후 경제성장에 기여할 수 있도록 하는 정책개발이 필요할 것이다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.559-575
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• 2014

Individual investors are increasingly flocking to message boards to seek, clarify, and exchange information. Businesses like Seekingalpha.com and business magazines like Fortune are evaluating, synthesizing, and reporting the comments made on message boards or blogs. In March of 2012, Yahoo! Finance Message Boards recorded 45 million unique visitors per month followed by AOL Money and Finance (19.8 million), and Google Finance (1.6 million) [McIntyre, 2012]. Previous studies in the finance literature suggest that online communities often provide more accurate information than analyst forecasts [Bagnoli et al., 1999; Clarkson et al., 2006]. Some studies empirically show that the volume of posts in online communities have a positive relationship with market activities (e.g., trading volumes) [Antweiler and Frank, 2004; Bagnoli et al., 1999; Das and Chen, 2007; Tumarkin and Whitelaw, 2001]. The findings indicate that information in online communities does impact investors' investment decisions and trading behaviors. However, research explicating the correlation between information on online communities and stock market activities (e.g., trading volume) is still evolving. Thus, it is important to ask whether a volume of posts on online communities influences trading volumes and whether trading volumes also influence these communities. Online stock message boards offer two different types of information, which can be explained using an economic and a psychological perspective. From a purely economic perspective, one would expect that stock message boards would have a beneficial effect, since they provide timely information at a much lower cost [Bagnoli et al., 1999; Clarkson et al., 2006; Birchler and Butler, 2007]. This indicates that information in stock message boards may provide valuable information investors can use to predict stock market activities and thus may use to make better investment decisions. On the other hand, psychological studies have shown that stock message boards may not necessarily make investors more informed. The related literature argues that confirmation bias causes investors to seek other investors with the same opinions on these stock message boards [Chen and Gu, 2009; Park et al., 2013]. For example, investors may want to share their painful investment experiences with others on stock message boards and are relieved to find they are not alone. In this case, the information on these stock message boards mainly reflects past experience or past information and not valuable and predictable information for market activities. This study thus investigates the two roles of stock message boards-providing valuable information to make future investment decisions or sharing past experiences that reflect mainly investors' painful or boastful stories. If stock message boards do provide valuable information for stock investment decisions, then investors will use this information and thereby influence stock market activities (e.g., trading volume). On the contrary, if investors made investment decisions and visit stock message boards later, they will mainly share their past experiences with others. In this case, past activities in the stock market will influence the stock message boards. These arguments indicate that there is a correlation between information posted on stock message boards and stock market activities. The previous literature has examined the impact of stock sentiments or the number of posts on stock market activities (e.g., trading volume, volatility, stock prices). However, the studies related to stock sentiments found it difficult to obtain significant results. It is not easy to identify useful information among the millions of posts, many of which can be just noise. As a result, the overall sentiments of stock message boards often carry little information for future stock movements [Das and Chen, 2001; Antweiler and Frank, 2004]. This study notes that as a dependent variable, trading volume is more reliable for capturing the effect of stock message board activities. The finance literature argues that trading volume is an indicator of stock price movements [Das et al., 2005; Das and Chen, 2007]. In this regard, this study investigates the correlation between a number of posts (information on stock message boards) and trading volume (stock market activity). We collected about 100,000 messages of 40 companies at KOSPI (Korea Composite Stock Price Index) from Paxnet, the most popular Korean online stock message board. The messages we collected were divided into in-trading and after-trading hours to examine the correlation between the numbers of posts and trading volumes in detail. Also we collected the volume of the stock of the 40 companies. The vector regression analysis and the granger causality test, 3SLS analysis were performed on our panel data sets. We found that the number of posts on online stock message boards is positively related to prior stock trade volume. Also, we found that the impact of the number of posts on stock trading volumes is not statistically significant. Also, we empirically showed the correlation between stock trading volumes and the number of posts on stock message boards. The results of this study contribute to the IS and finance literature in that we identified online stock message board's two roles. Also, this study suggests that stock trading managers should carefully monitor information on stock message boards to understand stock market activities in advance.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2012

본 연구는 고객만족과 기업가치 성과간의 관계를 분석하는 것이 목적이다. 기업가치성과는 주가와 신용등급으로 나눌 수 있는데, 전자는 기업의 시장가치이고 후자는 자금조달비용이라 구분하여 사용되고 있다. 고객만족과 주가와의 관계는 비교적 오래전부터 연구되어 왔으나 신용등급과의 관계는 최근 들어 연구되기 시작하였다. 대표적으로 Anderson and Mansi(2009)의 연구에서는 양자가 긍정적으로 관련된 것으로 밝혀졌으나, 윤상운(2010)이 국내자료를 사용한 연구에서는 그 관계가 입증되지 못하였다. 일치하지 않는 두 연구의 결과에서 아이디어를 얻어 본 연구에서는 고객만족이 신용등급에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 보고 이를 검증하였다. 두 연구에서 사용한 모델을 참고로 하였고 특히 우리나라 실정에서는 정부지원이 중요한 변수임을 감안하여 이를 포함한 연구모형을 설정하여 검증한 결과 긍정적 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 추가분석에서 자산규모가 큰 기업보다 작은 기업에서, 제조업보다 서비스업에서 고객만족이 신용등급에 더 유의한 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.